Canonical Classics ← 第三回
第三回
hǎiqiānshānjiēgǒng
jiǔyōushílèijìnchúmíng

The four seas and a thousand mountains all submit in homage · The nine dark regions and ten categories are struck from the rolls

東海龍宮
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

東海龍宮 The Dragon King of the Eastern Sea

hǎohóuwángtiàozhìqiáotóu使shǐshuǐniǎnzhejuédezuānzhōngfēnkāishuǐjìngdōngyánghǎizhèngxíngjiānjiànxúnhǎidechādǎngzhùwèndào:「tuīshuǐláideshìshénshèngshuōmíngbáihǎotōngbàoyíngjiē。」kōngdào:「nǎihuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngshìlǎolóngwángdejǐnlínwèishí?」chātīngshuōzhuǎnshuǐjīnggōngchuánbàodào:「wángwàimiànyǒuhuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngkǒuchēngshìwángjǐnlínjiāngdàogōng。」dōnghǎilóngwángáoguǎngmángshēnlónglóngsūnxiābīngxièjiàngchūgōngyíngdào:「shàngxiānqǐngjìnqǐngjìn。」zhízhìgōngxiāngjiànshàngzuòxiàncháwèndào:「shàngxiānshídàoshòuxiānshù?」kōngdào:「shēngshēnzhīhòuchūjiāxiūxíngshēngmièzhījìnyīnjiàoyǎnérsūnshǒushāndòngnàiméijiànbīngjiǔwénxiánlínxiǎngyáogōngbèiquèyǒuduōshénláigàoqiújiàn。」lóngwángjiànshuōhǎotuīzhuóguìchūgǎndāofèngshàngkōngdào:「lǎosūnhuì使shǐdāolìngjiàn。」lóngwángyòuzhuótàiwèilǐngshànshìtáichūgǎnjiǔchāláikōngtiàoxiàláijiēzàishǒuzhōng使shǐlefàngxiàdào:「qīngqīngqīngyòuchènshǒuzàilìngjiàn。」lóngwángxiàodào:「shàngxiāncéngkànzhèchāyǒusānqiānliùbǎijīnzhòngli。」kōngdào:「chènshǒuchènshǒu。」lóngwángxīnzhōngkǒngyòuzhuóbiānzǒngbīngtáichūbǐnghuàgǎnfāngtiānyǒuqiānèrbǎijīnzhòngkōngjiànlepǎojìnqiánjiēzàishǒuzhōngdiūjiàziliǎngjiěshùchāzàizhōngjiāndào:「háiqīngqīngqīng。」lǎolóngwánghàidào:「shàngxiāngōngzhōngzhǐyǒuzhègēnzhòngzàiméishènmebīngle。」kōngxiàodào:「rényún:『chóuhǎilóngwángméibǎolizàixúnxúnkànruòyǒudefèngjià。」lóngwángdào:「wěidezài。」hǎohóuwángtiàozhìqiáotóu使shǐshuǐniǎnzhejuédezuānzhōngfēnkāishuǐjìngdōngyánghǎizhèngxíngjiānjiànxúnhǎidechādǎngzhùwèndào:「tuīshuǐláideshìshénshèngshuōmíngbáihǎotōngbàoyíngjiē。」kōngdào:「nǎihuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngshìlǎolóngwángdejǐnlínwèishí?」chātīngshuōzhuǎnshuǐjīnggōngchuánbàodào:「wángwàimiànyǒuhuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngkǒuchēngshìwángjǐnlínjiāngdàogōng。」dōnghǎilóngwángáo广guǎngmángshēnlónglóngsūnxiābīngxièjiàngchūgōngyíngdào:「shàngxiānqǐngjìnqǐngjìn。」zhízhìgōngxiāngjiànshàngzuòxiàncháwèndào:「shàngxiānshídàoshòuxiānshù?」kōngdào:「shēngshēnzhīhòuchūjiāxiūxíngshēngmièzhījìnyīnjiàoyǎnérsūnshǒushāndòngnàiméijiànbīngjiǔwénxiánlínxiǎngyáogōngbèiquèyǒuduōshénláigàoqiújiàn。」lóngwángjiànshuōhǎotuīzhuóguìchūgǎndāofèngshàngkōngdào:「lǎosūnhuì使shǐdāolìngjiàn。」lóngwángyòuzhuótàiwèilǐngshànshìtáichūgǎnjiǔchāláikōngtiàoxiàláijiēzàishǒuzhōng使shǐlefàngxiàdào:「qīngqīngqīngyòuchènshǒuzàilìngjiàn。」lóngwángxiàodào:「shàngxiāncéngkànzhèchāyǒusānqiānliùbǎijīnzhòngli。」kōngdào:「chènshǒuchènshǒu。」lóngwángxīnzhōngkǒngyòuzhuó𫚣biānzǒngbīngtáichūbǐnghuàgǎnfāngtiānyǒuqiānèrbǎijīnzhòngkōngjiànlepǎojìnqiánjiēzàishǒuzhōngdiūjiàziliǎngjiěshùchāzàizhōngjiāndào:「háiqīngqīngqīng。」lǎolóngwánghàidào:「shàngxiāngōngzhōngzhǐyǒuzhègēnzhòngzàiméishènmebīngle。」kōngxiàodào:「rényún:『chóuhǎilóngwángméibǎolizàixúnxúnkànruòyǒudefèngjià。」lóngwángdào:「wěidezài。」


逐句解 Line by line

hǎohóuwángtiàozhìqiáotóu使shǐshuǐniǎnzhejuédezuānzhōngfēnkāishuǐjìngdōngyánghǎi hǎohóuwángtiàozhìqiáotóu使shǐshuǐniǎnzhejuédezuānzhōngfēnkāishuǐjìngdōngyánghǎi

The Handsome Monkey King leapt to the bridge-head, worked a water-parting spell, pinched his fingers into the sign, and with a plunge bored down into the waves; he opened a path through the water and went straight to the floor of the Eastern Ocean.

閉水法 — a "water-closing / water-parting" spell. 捻著訣 — 著 here is the durative aspect particle zhe ("holding the sign"). 撲的 — onomatopoeic "with a plunge," 的 de. 鑽入 — "bored into," 鑽 zuān (the verb), not zuàn (the noun "drill"). 一個 takes .

zhèngxíngjiānjiànxúnhǎidechādǎngzhùwèndào:「tuīshuǐláideshìshénshèngshuōmíngbáihǎotōngbàoyíngjiē。」 zhèngxíngjiānjiànxúnhǎidechādǎngzhùwèndào:「tuīshuǐláideshìshénshèngshuōmíngbáihǎotōngbàoyíngjiē。」

As he went, he suddenly met a sea-patrolling yakṣa, who barred his way and demanded: 'What divine sage is this, pushing the waters aside? Speak plainly, that I may announce you and receive you properly.'

夜叉 (yè-chā) — Sanskrit yakṣa, a class of demon-spirit, here a sea-patrol sentry. 那推水來的 — 那 is the demonstrative ("that one who…"). 通報迎接 = "to announce and receive."

kōngdào:「nǎihuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngshìlǎolóngwángdejǐnlínwèishí?」 kōngdào:「nǎihuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngshìlǎolóngwángdejǐnlínwèishí?」

Wukong said, 'I am Sun Wukong, the heaven-born sage of the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit, your old Dragon King's near neighbor. How do you not know me?'

吾 () "I" — a deliberately lofty self-reference. 緊鄰 = "close neighbor." 為何 — "why, for what reason"; 為 reads wèi (fourth tone) in this causal sense, distinct from 為 wéi ("to be/make"). 不識 takes .

chātīngshuōzhuǎnshuǐjīnggōngchuánbàodào:「wángwàimiànyǒuhuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngkǒuchēngshìwángjǐnlínjiāngdàogōng。」 chātīngshuōzhuǎnshuǐjīnggōngchuánbàodào:「wángwàimiànyǒuhuāguǒshāntiānshēngshèngrénsūnkōngkǒuchēngshìwángjǐnlínjiāngdàogōng。」

When the yakṣa heard this, he hurried back to the Crystal Palace to relay word: 'Your Majesty, outside is one Sun Wukong, a heaven-born sage of the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit, who calls himself Your Majesty's near neighbor and is about to enter the palace.'

急轉 — "hurried back," 轉 zhuǎn. 口稱 — "calls himself," 稱 chēng. 將到 — "is about to arrive," 將 the adverb jiāng ("about to").

dōnghǎilóngwángáoguǎngmángshēnlónglóngsūnxiābīngxièjiàngchūgōngyíngdào:「shàngxiānqǐngjìnqǐngjìn。」 dōnghǎilóngwángáo广guǎngmángshēnlónglóngsūnxiābīngxièjiàngchūgōngyíngdào:「shàngxiānqǐngjìnqǐngjìn。」

Ao Guang, Dragon King of the Eastern Sea, rose at once and, with his dragon-sons and dragon-grandsons, his shrimp-soldiers and crab-generals, came out of the palace to greet him: 'Honored Immortal, pray enter, pray enter.'

敖廣 (Ao Guang) — the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea (his three brothers govern the other seas, named later). 龍子 — "dragon's son," 子 read (the full "son," not the neutral suffix). 蟹將 — "crab general," 將 read jiàng (fourth tone, "general/commander"), not the particle jiāng; the stock phrase 蝦兵蟹將 names the dragon-court's comic rank-and-file.

zhízhìgōngxiāngjiànshàngzuòxiàncháwèndào:「shàngxiānshídàoshòuxiānshù?」 zhízhìgōngxiāngjiànshàngzuòxiàncháwèndào:「shàngxiānshídàoshòuxiānshù?」

They met within the palace, and when Wukong had been seated in the place of honor and tea had been presented, the Dragon King asked: 'When did the Honored Immortal attain the Way? What immortal arts were you taught?'

上仙 — "Honored Immortal," a respectful address. 得道 — "attained the Way," 得 the full verb ("to obtain"). 幾時 = "when."

kōngdào:「shēngshēnzhīhòuchūjiāxiūxíngshēngmièzhījìnyīnjiàoyǎnérsūnshǒushāndòngnàiméijiànbīngjiǔwénxiánlínxiǎngyáogōngbèiquèyǒuduōshénláigàoqiújiàn。」 kōngdào:「shēngshēnzhīhòuchūjiāxiūxíngshēngmièzhījìnyīnjiàoyǎnérsūnshǒushāndòngnàiméijiànbīngjiǔwénxiánlínxiǎngyáogōngbèiquèyǒuduōshénláigàoqiújiàn。」

Wukong said, 'Ever since my birth I left home to cultivate myself, and won a body free of birth and death. Lately, because I am drilling my children and grandchildren and guarding our mountain cave, I find myself without a weapon. I have long heard that my worthy neighbor enjoys a jasper palace and halls of shell, where there must be spirit-arms to spare — so I have come expressly to beg one of you.'

出家修行 — "left the householder's life to cultivate the Way." 兒孫 — here 兒 is read ér ("child," as in 兒孫 "children and grandchildren"), NOT the neutral er-suffix. 教演 — "drill," 教 jiào. 享樂 — "to enjoy," 樂 read (not yuè "music" or yào). 瑤宮貝闕 — "jasper palace and shell-towers," a kenning for the dragon's splendid undersea hall. 一個 / 一件 take .

lóngwángjiànshuōhǎotuīzhuóguìchūgǎndāofèngshàngkōngdào:「lǎosūnhuì使shǐdāolìngjiàn。」 lóngwángjiànshuōhǎotuīzhuóguìchūgǎndāofèngshàngkōngdào:「lǎosūnhuì使shǐdāolìngjiàn。」

Hearing this, the Dragon King could hardly refuse, and promptly ordered the Mandarin-fish Chief Officer to bring out a great long-handled saber and present it. Wukong said, 'Old Sun does not know how to use a saber. Pray grant me something else.'

不好推辭 — "could not well refuse"; 不 takes (before third-tone 好). 著 here is the causative zhuó ("to depute, order someone to"): 著…取出. 鱖都司 — a comic fish-official, "Mandarin-fish (guì) Chief Officer"; 都司 (dū-sī) was a Ming regional military command, so 都 reads , not dōu. 一把 takes ; 大桿刀 — "great long-handled saber," 桿 gǎn ("shaft"). 不會 takes .

lóngwángyòuzhuótàiwèilǐngshànshìtáichūgǎnjiǔchāláikōngtiàoxiàláijiēzàishǒuzhōng使shǐlefàngxiàdào:「qīngqīngqīngyòuchènshǒuzàilìngjiàn。」 lóngwángyòuzhuótàiwèilǐngshànshìtáichūgǎnjiǔchāláikōngtiàoxiàláijiēzàishǒuzhōng使shǐlefàngxiàdào:「qīngqīngqīngyòuchènshǒuzàilìngjiàn。」

The Dragon King then ordered the Whitefish Marshal, leading the Eel Strongman, to haul out a nine-pronged fork. Wukong jumped down, took it in his hand, ran through a set of moves, and set it aside: 'Light, light, light — and not to my hand either. Pray grant me another.'

著 again causative zhuó. 鮊太尉 / 鱔力士 — "Whitefish () Marshal" and "Eel (shàn) Strongman"; 太尉 (tài-wèi) a high military title, 尉 wèi. 擡 (= 抬) tái "to carry." 一桿 takes (before third-tone 桿); 一路 / 一件 take (before fourth-tone 路 and 件). 使了一路 — "ran through one set (of moves)."

lóngwángxiàodào:「shàngxiāncéngkànzhèchāyǒusānqiānliùbǎijīnzhòngli。」kōngdào:「chènshǒuchènshǒu。」 lóngwángxiàodào:「shàngxiāncéngkànzhèchāyǒusānqiānliùbǎijīnzhòngli。」kōngdào:「chènshǒuchènshǒu。」

The Dragon King laughed: 'Honored Immortal, you have not looked closely — this fork weighs three thousand six hundred jīn.' Wukong said, 'Not to my hand, not to my hand.'

不曾 — "have not (yet)," 不 (before second-tone 曾 céng). 斤 (jīn), the catty, is the weight unit, left untranslated; the comic inflation of weights (3,600 then 7,200) sets up the far heavier rod to come. 重 reads zhòng ("heavy"), not chóng. 哩 sentence-final li.

lóngwángxīnzhōngkǒngyòuzhuóbiānzǒngbīngtáichūbǐnghuàgǎnfāngtiānyǒuqiānèrbǎijīnzhòng lóngwángxīnzhōngkǒngyòuzhuó𫚣biānzǒngbīngtáichūbǐnghuàgǎnfāngtiānyǒuqiānèrbǎijīnzhòng

Fearful now, the Dragon King ordered the Bream Admiral and the Carp Commander to haul out a painted-shaft Sky-Square halberd. That halberd weighed seven thousand two hundred jīn.

著 causative zhuó. 鯾提督 / 鯉總兵 — "Bream (biān) Admiral" and "Carp () Commander"; 提督 (tí-dū) and 總兵 are late-imperial military ranks — the joke being a dragon-court staffed by named fish holding Ming army offices. 一柄 takes . 畫桿方天戟 — the "painted-shaft Sky-Square halberd" (a 方天畫戟, the famed crescent halberd). 重 zhòng.

kōngjiànlepǎojìnqiánjiēzàishǒuzhōngdiūjiàziliǎngjiěshùchāzàizhōngjiāndào:「háiqīngqīngqīng。」 kōngjiànlepǎojìnqiánjiēzàishǒuzhōngdiūjiàziliǎngjiěshùchāzàizhōngjiāndào:「háiqīngqīngqīng。」

Seeing it, Wukong ran up, took it in his hand, threw a few stances and flourished a couple of passes, then planted it in the middle: 'Still light — light, light.'

丟幾個架子 — "threw a few stances"; 撒兩個解數 — "loosed a couple of passes," 撒 ("let loose, perform"), 解數 (jiě-shù) "a sequence of martial moves," 解 read jiě. 架子 — "posture, stance," 子 the neutral suffix zi. 也還輕 — 還 hái ("still").

lǎolóngwánghàidào:「shàngxiāngōngzhōngzhǐyǒuzhègēnzhòngzàiméishènmebīngle。」 lǎolóngwánghàidào:「shàngxiāngōngzhōngzhǐyǒuzhègēnzhòngzàiméishènmebīngle。」

The old Dragon King was more frightened than ever: 'Honored Immortal, in all my palace there is only this one halberd so heavy; there is no other weapon at all.'

一發 — "all the more, the more so"; 一 takes (before first-tone 發). 害怕 = "afraid." 甚麼 (= 什麼). 了 final particle. The Dragon King's mounting alarm is the scene's comic engine.

kōngxiàodào:「rényún:『chóuhǎilóngwángméibǎolizàixúnxúnkànruòyǒudefèngjià。」 kōngxiàodào:「rényún:『chóuhǎilóngwángméibǎolizàixúnxúnkànruòyǒudefèngjià。」

Wukong laughed: 'As the ancients said — "never fear that the Dragon King of the sea has no treasures!" Go and search again; if there is anything to my liking, I will pay for each piece.'

古人云 — "the ancients say," introducing a proverb: 愁海龍王沒寶 ("[never] fear that the sea's Dragon King lacks treasures"). 哩 li. 一一奉價 — "pay for each one, one by one"; 一一 is the reduplicated "one by one" (read yī-yī), 奉價 = "offer the price."

lóngwángdào:「wěidezài。」 lóngwángdào:「wěidezài。」

The Dragon King said, 'Truly there is no more.'

委的 — a Yuan–Ming colloquialism, "truly, indeed"; 委 wěi, 的 de. 再無 = "there is no more."


總評 Commentary

The descent to the Eastern Sea opens the chapter's central acquisition — the iron rod — but the novel takes its time, staging first a comic audience at the dragon-court. The humor is bureaucratic and zoological at once: the Crystal Palace is staffed by named fish holding genuine Ming military ranks — a Mandarin-fish 都司, a Whitefish 太尉, an Eel 力士, a Bream 提督, a Carp 總兵 — hauling out weapons for inspection. Plaks and Yu both note how the dragon-kings function as a put-upon middle tier of the cosmic bureaucracy, perpetually imposed upon from above (Heaven) and below (Wukong). And note Wukong's self-presentation: he frames himself as the dragon's "near neighbor" (緊鄰) come merely to "beg" (告求) a weapon — the etiquette of neighborly borrowing thinly veiling a demand backed by force, the same blend of courtesy and coercion that marks all his dealings in this chapter.

The sequence of refusals is built on a comic escalation of weight — the nine-pronged fork at 3,600 jīn, the painted halberd at 7,200 — each dismissed as "light" (輕) and "not to my hand" (不趁手). The pattern is mock-heroic in the strict sense: the hero's strength is gauged by the failure of ever-greater arms to satisfy him, preparing the reader for a weapon an order of magnitude heavier still. Wukong's breezy proverb — that one should never suppose the sea-dragon's hoard exhausted — at once flatters and bullies his host, and drives the scene toward the one object the armory proper cannot supply: the iron pillar that 龍婆 and 龍女 will name in the passage to come.