第三回 · 龍王上表 The Dragon King's Memorial — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

龍王上表 The Dragon King's Memorial

卻què表biǎo啟qǐ那nà個gè高gāo天tiān上shàng聖shèng大dà慈cí仁rén者zhě玉yù皇huáng大dà天tiān尊zūn玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì，一yí日rì駕jià坐zuò金jīn闕què雲yún宮gōng靈líng霄xiāo寶bǎo殿diàn，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ仙xiān卿qīng早zǎo朝cháo之zhī際jì，忽hū有yǒu丘qiū弘hóng濟jì真zhēn人rén啟qǐ奏zòu道dào：「萬wàn歲suì，通tōng明míng殿diàn外wài有yǒu東dōng海hǎi龍lóng王wáng敖áo廣guǎng進jìn表biǎo，聽tīng天tiān尊zūn宣xuān詔zhào。」玉yù皇huáng傳chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó宣xuān來lái。」敖áo廣guǎng宣xuān至zhì靈líng霄xiāo殿diàn下xià，禮lǐ拜bài畢bì，傍páng有yǒu引yǐn奏zòu仙xiān童tóng接jiē上shàng表biǎo文wén。玉yù皇huáng從cóng頭tóu看kàn過guò。表biǎo曰yuē：「水shuǐ元yuán下xià界jiè東dōng勝shèng神shén洲zhōu東dōng海hǎi小xiǎo龍lóng臣chén敖áo廣guǎng啟qǐ奏zòu大dà天tiān聖shèng主zhǔ玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì君jūn：近jìn因yīn花huā果guǒ山shān生shēng、水shuǐ簾lián洞dòng住zhù妖yāo仙xiān孫sūn悟wù空kōng者zhě，欺qī虐nüè小xiǎo龍lóng，強qiáng坐zuò水shuǐ宅zhái，索suǒ兵bīng器qì，施shī法fǎ施shī威wēi；要yào披pī掛guà，騁chěng兇xiōng騁chěng勢shì。驚jīng傷shāng水shuǐ族zú，諕xià走zǒu龜guī鼉tuó。南nán海hǎi龍lóng戰zhàn戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，西xī海hǎi龍lóng悽qī悽qī慘cǎn慘cǎn，北běi海hǎi龍lóng縮suō首shǒu歸guī降xiáng。臣chén敖áo廣guǎng舒shū身shēn下xià拜bài，獻xiàn神shén珍zhēn之zhī鐵tiě棒bàng，鳳fèng翅chì之zhī金jīn冠guān，與yǔ那nà鎖suǒ子zi甲jiǎ、步bù雲yún履lǚ，以yǐ禮lǐ送sòng出chū。他tā仍réng弄nòng武wǔ藝yì，顯xiǎn神shén通tōng，但dàn云yún：『聒guō噪zào！聒guō噪zào！』果guǒ然rán無wú敵dí，甚shèn為wéi難nán制zhì。臣chén今jīn啟qǐ奏zòu，伏fú望wàng聖shèng裁cái。懇kěn乞qǐ天tiān兵bīng，收shōu此cǐ妖yāo孽niè，庶shù使shǐ海hǎi嶽yuè清qīng寧níng，下xià元yuán安ān泰tài。奉fèng奏zòu。」聖shèng帝dì覽lǎn畢bì，傳chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó龍lóng神shén回huí海hǎi，朕zhèn即jí遣qiǎn將jiàng擒qín拿ná。」老lǎo龍lóng王wáng頓dùn首shǒu謝xiè去qù。却què表biǎo启qǐ那nà个gè高gāo天tiān上shàng圣shèng大dà慈cí仁rén者zhě玉yù皇huáng大dà天tiān尊zūn玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì，一yí日rì驾jià坐zuò金jīn阙què云yún宫gōng灵líng霄xiāo宝bǎo殿diàn，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ仙xiān卿qīng早zǎo朝cháo之zhī际jì，忽hū有yǒu丘qiū弘hóng济jì真zhēn人rén启qǐ奏zòu道dào：「万wàn岁suì，通tōng明míng殿diàn外wài有yǒu东dōng海hǎi龙lóng王wáng敖áo广guǎng进jìn表biǎo，听tīng天tiān尊zūn宣xuān诏zhào。」玉yù皇huáng传chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó宣xuān来lái。」敖áo广guǎng宣xuān至zhì灵líng霄xiāo殿diàn下xià，礼lǐ拜bài毕bì，傍páng有yǒu引yǐn奏zòu仙xiān童tóng接jiē上shàng表biǎo文wén。玉yù皇huáng从cóng头tóu看kàn过guò。表biǎo曰yuē：「水shuǐ元yuán下xià界jiè东dōng胜shèng神shén洲zhōu东dōng海hǎi小xiǎo龙lóng臣chén敖áo广guǎng启qǐ奏zòu大dà天tiān圣shèng主zhǔ玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì君jūn：近jìn因yīn花huā果guǒ山shān生shēng、水shuǐ帘lián洞dòng住zhù妖yāo仙xiān孙sūn悟wù空kōng者zhě，欺qī虐nüè小xiǎo龙lóng，强qiáng坐zuò水shuǐ宅zhái，索suǒ兵bīng器qì，施shī法fǎ施shī威wēi；要yào披pī挂guà，骋chěng凶xiōng骋chěng势shì。惊jīng伤shāng水shuǐ族zú，諕xià走zǒu龟guī鼍tuó。南nán海hǎi龙lóng战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，西xī海hǎi龙lóng凄qī凄qī惨cǎn惨cǎn，北běi海hǎi龙lóng缩suō首shǒu归guī降xiáng。臣chén敖áo广guǎng舒shū身shēn下xià拜bài，献xiàn神shén珍zhēn之zhī铁tiě棒bàng，凤fèng翅chì之zhī金jīn冠guān，与yǔ那nà锁suǒ子zi甲jiǎ、步bù云yún履lǚ，以yǐ礼lǐ送sòng出chū。他tā仍réng弄nòng武wǔ艺yì，显xiǎn神shén通tōng，但dàn云yún：『聒guō噪zào！聒guō噪zào！』果guǒ然rán无wú敌dí，甚shèn为wéi难nán制zhì。臣chén今jīn启qǐ奏zòu，伏fú望wàng圣shèng裁cái。恳kěn乞qǐ天tiān兵bīng，收shōu此cǐ妖yāo孽niè，庶shù使shǐ海hǎi岳yuè清qīng宁níng，下xià元yuán安ān泰tài。奉fèng奏zòu。」圣shèng帝dì览lǎn毕bì，传chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó龙lóng神shén回huí海hǎi，朕zhèn即jí遣qiǎn将jiàng擒qín拿ná。」老lǎo龙lóng王wáng顿dùn首shǒu谢xiè去qù。

逐句解 Line by line

卻què表biǎo啟qǐ那nà個gè高gāo天tiān上shàng聖shèng大dà慈cí仁rén者zhě玉yù皇huáng大dà天tiān尊zūn玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì，一yí日rì駕jià坐zuò金jīn闕què雲yún宮gōng靈líng霄xiāo寶bǎo殿diàn，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ仙xiān卿qīng早zǎo朝cháo之zhī際jì，却què表biǎo启qǐ那nà个gè高gāo天tiān上shàng圣shèng大dà慈cí仁rén者zhě玉yù皇huáng大dà天tiān尊zūn玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì，一yí日rì驾jià坐zuò金jīn阙què云yún宫gōng灵líng霄xiāo宝bǎo殿diàn，聚jù集jí文wén武wǔ仙xiān卿qīng早zǎo朝cháo之zhī际jì，

The tale now turns to that Supreme Sage of High Heaven, the Greatly Merciful and Benevolent One — the Jade Emperor, Great Celestial Worthy, High Sovereign of the Profound Vault — who one day sat enthroned in the Golden-Gated Cloud Palace, the Hall of Miraculous Mist, gathering his immortal officials civil and martial at the hour of morning audience.

卻表啟 — "the tale now sets forth," a storyteller's transition; 表 biǎo ("to set out, narrate"). 玉皇大天尊玄穹高上帝 — the full ceremonial title of the Jade Emperor (玉皇), supreme god of the Daoist heaven; 穹 qióng. 一日 takes yí. 金闕雲宮靈霄寶殿 — "the Golden-Portal Cloud Palace, the Hall of Miraculous Mist" (靈霄寶殿, the Jade Emperor's throne-hall); 闕 què, 霄 xiāo. 仙卿 — "immortal officials," 卿 qīng. 早朝 — "morning audience"; 朝 reads cháo ("court"), not zhāo.

忽hū有yǒu丘qiū弘hóng濟jì真zhēn人rén啟qǐ奏zòu道dào：「萬wàn歲suì，通tōng明míng殿diàn外wài有yǒu東dōng海hǎi龍lóng王wáng敖áo廣guǎng進jìn表biǎo，聽tīng天tiān尊zūn宣xuān詔zhào。」忽hū有yǒu丘qiū弘hóng济jì真zhēn人rén启qǐ奏zòu道dào：「万wàn岁suì，通tōng明míng殿diàn外wài有yǒu东dōng海hǎi龙lóng王wáng敖áo广guǎng进jìn表biǎo，听tīng天tiān尊zūn宣xuān诏zhào。」

Suddenly the Perfected One Qiu Hongji came forward and memorialized: 'Your Majesty, outside the Hall of Comprehensive Brightness the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea, Ao Guang, has come to submit a memorial and awaits your summons.'

丘弘濟真人 — "the Perfected One Qiu Hongji," a Daoist immortal-official; 真人 (zhēn-rén) "Perfected One." 萬歲 — "Your Majesty" (lit. "ten thousand years"). 通明殿 — "the Hall of Comprehensive Brightness." 進表 — "to submit a memorial," 表 biǎo. 宣詔 — "to summon by decree"; 詔 zhào.

玉yù皇huáng傳chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó宣xuān來lái。」敖áo廣guǎng宣xuān至zhì靈líng霄xiāo殿diàn下xià，禮lǐ拜bài畢bì，傍páng有yǒu引yǐn奏zòu仙xiān童tóng接jiē上shàng表biǎo文wén。玉yù皇huáng從cóng頭tóu看kàn過guò。表biǎo曰yuē：玉yù皇huáng传chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó宣xuān来lái。」敖áo广guǎng宣xuān至zhì灵líng霄xiāo殿diàn下xià，礼lǐ拜bài毕bì，傍páng有yǒu引yǐn奏zòu仙xiān童tóng接jiē上shàng表biǎo文wén。玉yù皇huáng从cóng头tóu看kàn过guò。表biǎo曰yuē：

The Jade Emperor issued a decree: 'Have him summoned in.' Ao Guang was ushered to below the Hall of Miraculous Mist; his obeisance done, an usher-immortal at the side took up his memorial, and the Jade Emperor read it through from the start. The memorial said:

著宣來 — "have him summoned"; 著 the causative zhuó. 禮拜畢 — "obeisance done"; 畢 bì. 傍 — "at the side" (= 旁), páng. 引奏仙童 — "an usher-immortal lad" who presents memorials. 從頭看過 — "read it through from the start." 表曰 — "the memorial said," 曰 yuē.

「水shuǐ元yuán下xià界jiè東dōng勝shèng神shén洲zhōu東dōng海hǎi小xiǎo龍lóng臣chén敖áo廣guǎng啟qǐ奏zòu大dà天tiān聖shèng主zhǔ玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì君jūn：「水shuǐ元yuán下xià界jiè东dōng胜shèng神shén洲zhōu东dōng海hǎi小xiǎo龙lóng臣chén敖áo广guǎng启qǐ奏zòu大dà天tiān圣shèng主zhǔ玄xuán穹qióng高gāo上shàng帝dì君jūn：

'From the water-element lower world, the East Pūrvavideha Continent, the Eastern Sea, your minister the little dragon Ao Guang respectfully memorializes the Great Celestial Holy Lord, High Sovereign of the Profound Vault:'

The memorial opens with the formal self-location and address of a 表 (memorial to the throne). 水元下界 — "the water-element lower world." 東勝神洲 — Pūrvavideha (東勝神洲), the eastern of the four continents. 臣 — "your minister," the self-designation of a subject before the sovereign; 玄穹高上帝君 — again the Jade Emperor's title.

近jìn因yīn花huā果guǒ山shān生shēng、水shuǐ簾lián洞dòng住zhù妖yāo仙xiān孫sūn悟wù空kōng者zhě，欺qī虐nüè小xiǎo龍lóng，強qiáng坐zuò水shuǐ宅zhái，索suǒ兵bīng器qì，施shī法fǎ施shī威wēi；要yào披pī掛guà，騁chěng兇xiōng騁chěng勢shì。近jìn因yīn花huā果guǒ山shān生shēng、水shuǐ帘lián洞dòng住zhù妖yāo仙xiān孙sūn悟wù空kōng者zhě，欺qī虐nüè小xiǎo龙lóng，强qiáng坐zuò水shuǐ宅zhái，索suǒ兵bīng器qì，施shī法fǎ施shī威wēi；要yào披pī挂guà，骋chěng凶xiōng骋chěng势shì。

'Recently, because of one Sun Wukong — a demon-immortal born on the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit, dwelling in the Water-Curtain Cave — who bullied this little dragon, forcibly occupied my watery dwelling, demanded a weapon, worked his spells and showed his might, demanded armor, and gave free rein to his ferocity and force;'

近因 — "recently because of." 欺虐 — "to bully and abuse"; 虐 nüè. 強坐水宅 — "forcibly occupied my watery dwelling." 施法施威 — "worked spells and displayed might." 騁兇騁勢 — "gave free rein to ferocity and force"; 騁 chěng ("to gallop, give rein to").

驚jīng傷shāng水shuǐ族zú，諕xià走zǒu龜guī鼉tuó。南nán海hǎi龍lóng戰zhàn戰zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，西xī海hǎi龍lóng悽qī悽qī慘cǎn慘cǎn，北běi海hǎi龍lóng縮suō首shǒu歸guī降xiáng。惊jīng伤shāng水shuǐ族zú，諕xià走zǒu龟guī鼍tuó。南nán海hǎi龙lóng战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，西xī海hǎi龙lóng凄qī凄qī惨cǎn惨cǎn，北běi海hǎi龙lóng缩suō首shǒu归guī降xiáng。

'he alarmed and injured my water-tribe and scared off the turtles and tuo-alligators; the South Sea dragon trembled in terror, the West Sea dragon was wretched and grieving, and the North Sea dragon drew in his head and submitted.'

諕走龜鼉 — "scared off the turtles and tuo-alligators"; 諕 xià, 鼉 tuó (a large reptile, the Yangtze alligator). The three antithetical clauses — 戰戰兢兢 / 悽悽慘慘 / 縮首歸降 — are the memorial's parallel-prose heart; 悽 qī, 歸降 ("submit") with 降 xiáng ("to surrender"), not jiàng.

臣chén敖áo廣guǎng舒shū身shēn下xià拜bài，獻xiàn神shén珍zhēn之zhī鐵tiě棒bàng，鳳fèng翅chì之zhī金jīn冠guān，與yǔ那nà鎖suǒ子zi甲jiǎ、步bù雲yún履lǚ，以yǐ禮lǐ送sòng出chū。臣chén敖áo广guǎng舒shū身shēn下xià拜bài，献xiàn神shén珍zhēn之zhī铁tiě棒bàng，凤fèng翅chì之zhī金jīn冠guān，与yǔ那nà锁suǒ子zi甲jiǎ、步bù云yún履lǚ，以yǐ礼lǐ送sòng出chū。

'Your minister Ao Guang bent low in obeisance, presented the divine-treasure iron rod, the phoenix-wing golden cap, together with the chain-mail and cloud-stepping shoes, and saw him out with courtesy.'

舒身下拜 — "bent low in obeisance." 神珍之鐵棒，鳳翅之金冠 — the regalia of 其七–其九, here recited in the elevated 之-construction of formal prose. 鎖子甲 — chain-mail, 子 the neutral zi. 步雲履 — cloud-stepping shoes.

他tā仍réng弄nòng武wǔ藝yì，顯xiǎn神shén通tōng，但dàn云yún：『聒guō噪zào！聒guō噪zào！』果guǒ然rán無wú敵dí，甚shèn為wéi難nán制zhì。他tā仍réng弄nòng武wǔ艺yì，显xiǎn神shén通tōng，但dàn云yún：『聒guō噪zào！聒guō噪zào！』果guǒ然rán无wú敌dí，甚shèn为wéi难nán制zhì。

'Yet still he plied his martial arts and displayed his magic, saying only "Pardon the trouble! Pardon the trouble!" — truly without rival, and exceedingly hard to control.'

仍 — "still, nonetheless." 但云 — "saying only," 云 yún (the literary "to say"). 聒噪 — Wukong's insolent farewell (cf. 其九), 聒 guō. 甚為難制 — "exceedingly hard to subdue"; 為 wéi.

臣chén今jīn啟qǐ奏zòu，伏fú望wàng聖shèng裁cái。懇kěn乞qǐ天tiān兵bīng，收shōu此cǐ妖yāo孽niè，庶shù使shǐ海hǎi嶽yuè清qīng寧níng，下xià元yuán安ān泰tài。奉fèng奏zòu。」臣chén今jīn启qǐ奏zòu，伏fú望wàng圣shèng裁cái。恳kěn乞qǐ天tiān兵bīng，收shōu此cǐ妖yāo孽niè，庶shù使shǐ海hǎi岳yuè清qīng宁níng，下xià元yuán安ān泰tài。奉fèng奏zòu。」

'Your minister now submits this memorial, humbly awaiting the sage judgment, and earnestly begs for celestial troops to capture this demon-spawn, that the seas and mountains may be at peace and the lower world secure. Respectfully submitted.'

伏望聖裁 — "humbly awaiting the sage judgment"; 伏 fú, 裁 cái. 懇乞天兵 — "earnestly begging for celestial troops"; 懇 kěn. 妖孽 — "demon-spawn, baleful prodigy"; 孽 niè. 庶使 — "so that, that there may be"; 庶 shù. 海嶽 — "seas and mountains"; 嶽 (= 岳) yuè. 下元安泰 — "the lower world secure." 奉奏 — "respectfully submitted," the formal close of a memorial.

聖shèng帝dì覽lǎn畢bì，傳chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó龍lóng神shén回huí海hǎi，朕zhèn即jí遣qiǎn將jiàng擒qín拿ná。」老lǎo龍lóng王wáng頓dùn首shǒu謝xiè去qù。圣shèng帝dì览lǎn毕bì，传chuán旨zhǐ：「著zhuó龙lóng神shén回huí海hǎi，朕zhèn即jí遣qiǎn将jiàng擒qín拿ná。」老lǎo龙lóng王wáng顿dùn首shǒu谢xiè去qù。

The Holy Emperor finished reading and issued a decree: 'Let the dragon-god return to his sea; We shall at once dispatch generals to seize him.' The old Dragon King kowtowed his thanks and withdrew.

聖帝覽畢 — "the Holy Emperor finished reading"; 覽 lǎn, 畢 bì. 著龍神回海 — "ordered the dragon-god back to the sea"; 著 the causative zhuó. 朕 — "We," the imperial first-person, here the Jade Emperor's. 遣將擒拿 — "dispatch generals to seize him"; 將 jiàng ("general"). 頓首 — "kowtowed."

總評 Commentary

With this passage the chapter completes its upward movement, leaving the earthly and infernal arenas for the summit of the cosmos — the Jade Emperor's court in the Hall of Miraculous Mist (靈霄寶殿). The full ceremonial titulature of 玉皇大天尊玄穹高上帝, the parade of civil and martial immortal-officials, the usher-immortals and the protocol of morning audience: all of it renders Heaven as the supreme imperial bureaucracy, the apex of the administrative cosmos the chapter has satirized from the dragon-court downward. The structural rhyme is exact — the same machinery of memorials and decrees that governs the sea now operates at the celestial center.

Ao Guang's petition is the chapter's first sustained passage of formal parallel prose (駢文), and the rendering preserves its elevated register: the ritual self-location ("from the water-element lower world…the little dragon your minister"), the antithetical tricolon of the three cowed dragons (戰戰兢兢 / 悽悽慘慘 / 縮首歸降), and the closing formulae of supplication (伏望聖裁…奉奏). The document recasts the comic shakedown of 其六–其九 in the language of grievance and law — Wukong's farcical "Pardon the trouble!" now cited as proof of an ungovernable menace. Anthony C. Yu notes how the novel's satire works precisely through this gap between event and report: the reader, who watched the scene as comedy, now sees it refracted through the indignant officialese of its victim. The Jade Emperor's curt decree sets the celestial response in motion — but the chapter withholds it for a beat, for a second memorial, from the underworld, must be heard first.