Canonical Classics ← 第三回
第三回
hǎiqiānshānjiēgǒng
jiǔyōushílèijìnchúmíng

The four seas and a thousand mountains all submit in homage · The nine dark regions and ten categories are struck from the rolls

四龍獻甲
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

四龍獻甲 The Four Dragons Yield

shǎoshízhōngxiǎngchùguǒránjīngdòngsānhǎilóngwángláidàozàiwàimiànhuìzháoáoqīndào:「yǒushènjǐnshìléizhuàngzhōng?」lǎolóngdào:「xiánhǎoshuōyǒuhuāguǒshānshènmetiānshēngshèngrénzǎojiānláirènzuòlínhòuyàoqiújiànbīngxiàngāngchāxiánxiǎofènghuàxiánqīngjiāngkuàitiāndìngshénzhēntiěchūshǒudiūlexiēxièshùjīnzuòzàigōngzhōngyòuyàosuǒshènmeguàchùyǒuxiǎngzhōngmíngqǐngxiánláimenyǒushènmeguàsòngchūménle。」áoqīnwényándào:「xiōngmendiǎnbīngshì?」lǎolóngdào:「shuōshuōkuàitiěwǎnzháoxiēerjiùzháoxiēerjiùwángāiāiererjīnshāng。」西hǎilóngwángáorùnshuō:「èrdòngshǒuqiězhǐcòuguàchūleménbiǎozòushàngshàngtiāntiānzhū。」běihǎilóngwángáoshùndào:「shuōdeshìzhèyǒushuāngǒuyúnli。」西hǎilóngwángáorùndào:「dàilesuǒzihuángjīnjiǎli。」nánhǎilóngwángáoqīndào:「yǒudǐngfèngchìjīnguānli。」lǎolóngyǐnshuǐjīnggōngxiāngjiànlefèngshàngkōngjiāngjīnguānjīnjiǎyúndōu穿chuāndàitíngdàng使shǐdòngbàngchūduìzhònglóngdào:「guōzàoguōzào。」hǎilóngwángshènshìpíngbiānshāngjìnbiǎoshàngzòushǎoshízhōngxiǎngchùguǒránjīngdòngsānhǎilóngwángláidàozàiwàimiànhuìzháoáoqīndào:「yǒushènjǐnshìléizhuàngzhōng?」lǎolóngdào:「xiánhǎoshuōyǒuhuāguǒshānshènmetiānshēngshèngrénzǎojiānláirènzuòlínhòuyàoqiújiànbīngxiàngāngchāxiánxiǎofènghuàxiánqīngjiāngkuàitiāndìngshénzhēntiěchūshǒudiūlexiēxièshùjīnzuòzàigōngzhōngyòuyàosuǒshènmeguàchùyǒuxiǎngzhōngmíngqǐngxiánláimenyǒushènmeguàsòngchūménle。」áoqīnwényándào:「xiōngmendiǎnbīngshì?」lǎolóngdào:「shuōshuōkuàitiěwǎnzháoxiēerjiùzháoxiēerjiùwángāiāiererjīnshāng。」西hǎilóngwángáorùnshuō:「èrdòngshǒuqiězhǐcòuguàchūleménbiǎozòushàngshàngtiāntiānzhū。」běihǎilóngwángáoshùndào:「shuōdeshìzhèyǒushuāngǒuyúnli。」西hǎilóngwángáorùndào:「dàilesuǒzihuángjīnjiǎli。」nánhǎilóngwángáoqīndào:「yǒudǐngfèngchìjīnguānli。」lǎolóngyǐnshuǐjīnggōngxiāngjiànlefèngshàngkōngjiāngjīnguānjīnjiǎyúndōu穿chuāndàitíngdàng使shǐdòngbàngchūduìzhònglóngdào:「guōzàoguōzào。」hǎilóngwángshènshìpíngbiānshāngjìnbiǎoshàngzòu


逐句解 Line by line

shǎoshízhōngxiǎngchùguǒránjīngdòngsānhǎilóngwángláidàozàiwàimiànhuìzháo shǎoshízhōngxiǎngchùguǒránjīngdòngsānhǎilóngwángláidàozàiwàimiànhuìzháo

In a little while, where the bell and drum sounded, sure enough the three other Dragon Kings were roused, and in a moment they arrived and all gathered together outside.

The drum has done its work. 少時 is "presently," read shǎo; 須臾 (xū yú) is "in a moment"; 一齊 takes before the rising tone of ; 會著 is "met together," with as zhe marking the meeting as accomplished.

áoqīndào:「yǒushènjǐnshìléizhuàngzhōng?」 áoqīndào:「yǒushènjǐnshìléizhuàngzhōng?」

Ao Qin said, 'Eldest brother, what urgent matter is it, that you beat the drum and strike the bell?'

大哥 is "eldest brother," the dragons' fraternal address; 緊事 is "urgent matter"; is léi, "to beat a drum."

lǎolóngdào:「xiánhǎoshuōyǒuhuāguǒshānshènmetiānshēngshèngrénzǎojiānláirènzuòlín lǎolóngdào:「xiánhǎoshuōyǒuhuāguǒshānshènmetiānshēngshèngrénzǎojiānláirènzuòlín

The old Dragon said, 'Worthy brothers, it's hard to tell. There's some heaven-born sage from the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit who came this morning and claimed me for a neighbor.

"It's hard to tell" is exactly the tone of a man who has been robbed in his own house and must now explain it to his family. 賢弟 is "worthy younger brother"; 不好說 takes before the dipping tone of ; 一個 takes ; 甚麼 is the usual 什麼; 早間 is "this morning"; and 認我做鄰居 is "claimed me for a neighbor" — the claim that started everything.

hòuyàoqiújiànbīngxiàngāngchāxiánxiǎofènghuàxiánqīngjiāngkuàitiāndìngshénzhēntiěchūshǒudiūlexiēxièshù hòuyàoqiújiànbīngxiàngāngchāxiánxiǎofènghuàxiánqīngjiāngkuàitiāndìngshénzhēntiěchūshǒudiūlexiēxièshù

Then he demanded a weapon: I offered a steel fork — he scorned it as small; I presented a painted halberd — he scorned it as light; and that piece of divine iron that fixes the bed of the River of Heaven, he took up himself and ran through a few passes with it.

The summary recaps the audience scene from the victim's side, in matched clauses: 獻鋼叉嫌小, 奉畫戟嫌輕, where (xián) is "to find fault with, to scorn as." 一件 and 一塊 both take ; is the object-marking jiāng; 解數 (jiě shù) is "martial passes."

jīnzuòzàigōngzhōngyòuyàosuǒshènmeguàchùyǒuxiǎngzhōngmíngqǐngxiánlái jīnzuòzàigōngzhōngyòuyàosuǒshènmeguàchùyǒuxiǎngzhōngmíngqǐngxiánlái

Now he sits in the palace and demands armor besides. I have none here, so I sounded the bell and rang the drum to summon you, worthy brothers.

要索 is "demands"; 我處無有 is "I have none here," read chù; 響鐘鳴鼓 is "sounded bell and rang drum"; 甚麼披掛 is "what armor," 披掛 (pī guà) being a full set of accoutrements.

menyǒushènmeguàsòngchūménle。」 menyǒushènmeguàsòngchūménle。」

Have any of you a suit of armor? Give him one, and let us pack him off out the gate, and there's an end of it.'

The proposal is simply to pay him off. 一副 takes ; 打發 is "to send off, to dispatch"; and 罷了 , le — is the weary "and that's that."

áoqīnwényándào:「xiōngmendiǎnbīngshì?」 áoqīnwényándào:「xiōngmendiǎnbīngshì?」

Ao Qin, hearing this, flew into a rage: 'Brothers, shall we not muster our troops and seize him?'

One brother, at least, wants a fight. 大怒 is "flew into a rage"; 點起兵 is "muster troops"; 拿他不是 is "seize him, shall we not?", with as before the falling tone of .

lǎolóngdào:「shuōshuōkuàitiěwǎnzháoxiēerjiùzháoxiēerjiùwángāiāiererjīnshāng。」 lǎolóngdào:「shuōshuōkuàitiěwǎnzháoxiēerjiùzháoxiēerjiùwángāiāiererjīnshāng。」

The old Dragon said, 'Don't speak of seizing him, don't speak of it. That piece of iron — grasp it the least bit and you die; knock against it the least bit and you perish; brush it and your skin splits; rub it and your very sinews are hurt.'

The old Dragon's answer is a connoisseur's catalogue of terror, four matched warnings each pairing a touch with its result: 挽著 (grasp it, wǎn), 磕著 (knock against it, ), 挨挨兒 (brush it, āi) and 擦擦兒 (rub it, ). is the state-marking zhe, and 些兒, 挨挨兒 and 擦擦兒 all carry the er ending. 莫說拿 is "do not speak of seizing"; 那塊鐵 has as and as kuài; and (= ) is jīn, "sinew."

西hǎilóngwángáorùnshuō:「èrdòngshǒuqiězhǐcòuguàchūleménbiǎozòushàngshàngtiāntiānzhū。」 西hǎilóngwángáorùnshuō:「èrdòngshǒuqiězhǐcòuguàchūleménbiǎozòushàngshàngtiāntiānzhū。」

Ao Run, Dragon King of the Western Sea, said, 'Second brother must not come to blows with him. Just scrape together a suit of armor for him, pack him off out the gate, and then send up a memorial to High Heaven — Heaven will punish him itself.'

This is the seed of the dragons' petition, and so of the whole second half of the chapter: do not fight him, pay him, then report him upstairs. 二哥 is "second brother"; 不可 takes before the dipping tone of ; 動手 is "to come to blows"; 湊副披掛 is "scrape together a suit of armor," read còu. 啟表奏上上天 is "send up a memorial," the doubled 上上天 meaning "up to High Heaven"; 天自誅也 is "Heaven will punish him itself," read zhū.

běihǎilóngwángáoshùndào:「shuōdeshìzhèyǒushuāngǒuyúnli。」 běihǎilóngwángáoshùndào:「shuōdeshìzhèyǒushuāngǒuyúnli。」

Ao Shun, Dragon King of the Northern Sea, said, 'Rightly said. I have here a pair of lotus-fiber cloud-stepping shoes.'

說的是 is "what you say is right," read de. 一雙 takes before the level tone of . 藕絲步雲履 is "lotus-fiber cloud-stepping shoes" — ǒu, , ; is the sentence-final li.

西hǎilóngwángáorùndào:「dàilesuǒzihuángjīnjiǎli。」 西hǎilóngwángáorùndào:「dàilesuǒzihuángjīnjiǎli。」

Ao Run, Dragon King of the Western Sea, said, 'I have brought along a suit of golden chain-mail.'

一副 takes . 鎖子黃金甲 is golden chain-mail (鎖子甲 being chain-link armor), with as the unstressed zi.

nánhǎilóngwángáoqīndào:「yǒudǐngfèngchìjīnguānli。」 nánhǎilóngwángáoqīndào:「yǒudǐngfèngchìjīnguānli。」

Ao Qin, Dragon King of the Southern Sea, said, 'And I have a phoenix-winged cap of purple gold.'

Shoes, mail, cap: three brothers, three pieces, and Wukong's first suit of regalia is complete. 一頂 takes before the dipping tone of . 鳳翅紫金冠 is the phoenix-winged cap of purple gold, read guān, the noun "cap," not guàn.

lǎolóngyǐnshuǐjīnggōngxiāngjiànlefèngshàng lǎolóngyǐnshuǐjīnggōngxiāngjiànlefèngshàng

The old Dragon was overjoyed, led them in to meet Wukong in the Crystal Palace, and presented these to him.

大喜 is "overjoyed" — the joy of a man watching someone else pay the bill. 引入 is "led in"; 以此奉上 is "presented these."

kōngjiāngjīnguānjīnjiǎyúndōu穿chuāndàitíngdàng使shǐdòngbàngchūduìzhònglóngdào:「guōzàoguōzào。」 kōngjiāngjīnguānjīnjiǎyúndōu穿chuāndàitíngdàng使shǐdòngbàngchūduìzhònglóngdào:「guōzàoguōzào。」

Wukong donned the gold cap, the golden armor, and the cloud-shoes, all properly arranged, set the As-You-Will Rod in motion, and fought his way out, calling to the assembled dragons: 'Sorry to trouble you, sorry to trouble you!'

And out he goes, fighting, with a cheerful word of thanks. 聒噪 (guō zào) literally means "a clamor" and is used as a brash parting formula, roughly "pardon the trouble!" — said by a guest who has just stripped the house. is the object-marking jiāng; 金冠 has as guān; 穿戴停當 is "donned and properly arranged," with 停當 (tíng dàng) taking as dàng, "settled, in order"; and 一路打出去, "fought his way straight out," takes before the falling tone of .

hǎilóngwángshènshìpíngbiānshāngjìnbiǎoshàngzòu hǎilóngwángshènshìpíngbiānshāngjìnbiǎoshàngzòu

The four Dragon Kings were deeply aggrieved, and went off to confer about submitting a memorial — but of that, no more for now.

The complaint is now in motion, and the chapter files it away for later. 甚是不平 is "much aggrieved," taking before the rising tone of ; 一邊 takes before the level tone of ; 進表上奏 is "submit a memorial." 不題, "no more of this for now," is a storyteller's formula for parking a thread, with as before the rising tone of .


總評 Commentary

The arrival of the three brothers completes Wukong's coup: summoned to help, they are fleeced in turn, each surrendering one piece of regalia — shoes, mail, cap. The old Dragon King's vivid catalogue of the rod's lethality (grasp it and die, knock it and perish, brush it and your skin splits) is at once a plea against fighting and a connoisseur's terror; the brothers' prudence is the better part of cowardice, and the humor of the scene lies in four cosmic powers pooling their valuables simply to be rid of one tiresome monkey.

The gifts assemble Wukong's first suit of immortal regalia — the phoenix-winged cap, golden chain-mail, cloud-treading shoes — completing the figure of the armed and armored Monkey King. Just as important for the plot is Ao Run's counsel: not to fight, but to send up a memorial so that "Heaven will punish him itself" (天自誅也). This is the hinge on which the chapter's second half turns. The dragons' grievance becomes a bureaucratic complaint, and the machinery of celestial administration — which the chapter has been satirizing in miniature — begins to grind toward Wukong. His airy parting word, 聒噪, "pardon the trouble!", is the perfect insolent grace-note: he leaves having taken everything, with a shrug.