Canonical Classics ← 第二十二回
第二十二回
八bā戒jiè大dà戰zhàn流liú沙shā河hé
木mù叉chā奉fèng法fǎ收shōu悟wù淨jìng

Bajie Does Great Battle at the River of Flowing Sands · Mokṣa, Bearing the Dharma-Command, Wins Over Wujing

三戰流沙
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

三戰流沙 The Third Duel on the Sands

八bā戒jiè笑xiào道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ少shǎo打dǎ的de潑pō物wù,且qiě莫mò管guǎn甚shén麼me築zhù菜cài,只zhǐ怕pà蕩dàng了le一yí下xià兒ér,教jiào你nǐ沒méi處chù貼tiē膏gāo藥yào,九jiǔ個gè眼yǎn子zi一yì齊qí流liú血xiě。縱zòng然rán不bù死sǐ,也yě是shì個gè到dào老lǎo的de破pò傷shāng風fēng。」那nà怪guài丟diū開kāi架jià手shǒu,在zài那nà水shuǐ底dǐ下xià,與yǔ八bā戒jiè依yī然rán打dǎ出chū水shuǐ面miàn。這zhè一yì番fān鬥dòu,比bǐ前qián果guǒ更gèng不bù同tóng,你nǐ看kàn他tā:八bā戒jiè笑xiào道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ少shǎo打dǎ的de泼pō物wù,且qiě莫mò管guǎn甚shén么me筑zhù菜cài,只zhǐ怕pà荡dàng了le一yí下xià儿ér,教jiào你nǐ没méi处chù贴tiē膏gāo药yào,九jiǔ个gè眼yǎn子zi一yì齐qí流liú血xiě。纵zòng然rán不bù死sǐ,也yě是shì个gè到dào老lǎo的de破pò伤shāng风fēng。」那nà怪guài丢diū开kāi架jià手shǒu,在zài那nà水shuǐ底dǐ下xià,与yǔ八bā戒jiè依yī然rán打dǎ出chū水shuǐ面miàn。这zhè一yì番fān斗dòu,比bǐ前qián果guǒ更gèng不bù同tóng,你nǐ看kàn他tā:

寶bǎo杖zhàng掄lūn,釘dīng鈀pá築zhù,言yán語yǔ不bù通tōng非fēi眷juàn屬shǔ。宝bǎo杖zhàng抡lūn,钉dīng钯pá筑zhù,言yán语yǔ不bù通tōng非fēi眷juàn属shǔ。
只zhǐ因yīn木mù母mǔ剋kè刀dāo圭guī,致zhì令lìng兩liǎng下xià相xiāng戰zhàn觸chù。只zhǐ因yīn木mù母mǔ克kè刀dāo圭guī,致zhì令lìng两liǎng下xià相xiāng战zhàn触chù。
沒méi輸shū贏yíng,無wú反fǎn覆fù,翻fān波bō淘táo浪làng不bù和hé睦mù。没méi输shū赢yíng,无wú反fǎn覆fù,翻fān波bō淘táo浪làng不bù和hé睦mù。
這zhè個gè怒nù氣qì怎zěn含hán容róng,那nà個gè傷shāng心xīn難nán忍rěn辱rǔ。这zhè个gè怒nù气qì怎zěn含hán容róng,那nà个gè伤shāng心xīn难nán忍rěn辱rǔ。
鈀pá來lái杖zhàng架jià逞chěng英yīng雄xióng,水shuǐ滾gǔn流liú沙shā能néng惡è毒dú。钯pá来lái杖zhàng架jià逞chěng英yīng雄xióng,水shuǐ滚gǔn流liú沙shā能néng恶è毒dú。
氣qì昂áng昂áng,勞láo碌lù碌lù,多duō因yīn三sān藏zàng朝cháo西xī域yù。气qì昂áng昂áng,劳láo碌lù碌lù,多duō因yīn三sān藏zàng朝cháo西xī域yù。
釘dīng鈀pá老lǎo大dà兇xiōng,寶bǎo杖zhàng十shí分fēn熟shú。钉dīng钯pá老lǎo大dà凶xiōng,宝bǎo杖zhàng十shí分fēn熟shú。
這zhè個gè揪jiū住zhù要yào往wǎng岸àn上shàng拖tuō,那nà個gè抓zhuā來lái就jiù將jiāng水shuǐ裡lǐ沃wò。这zhè个gè揪jiū住zhù要yào往wǎng岸àn上shàng拖tuō,那nà个gè抓zhuā来lái就jiù将jiāng水shuǐ里lǐ沃wò。
聲shēng如rú霹pī靂lì動dòng魚yú龍lóng,雲yún暗àn天tiān昏hūn神shén鬼guǐ伏fú。声shēng如rú霹pī雳lì动dòng鱼yú龙lóng,云yún暗àn天tiān昏hūn神shén鬼guǐ伏fú。

逐句解 Line by line

八bā戒jiè笑xiào道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ少shǎo打dǎ的de潑pō物wù,且qiě莫mò管guǎn甚shén麼me築zhù菜cài, 八bā戒jiè笑xiào道dào:「我wǒ把bǎ你nǐ少shǎo打dǎ的de泼pō物wù,且qiě莫mò管guǎn甚shén么me筑zhù菜cài,

Bajie said with a laugh: 'You under-thrashed rascal, never mind your talk of tamping cabbage —

少打的潑物, 'you under-beaten rascal' — a rascal who has had too few thrashings, which is a construction English has to unpack and Chinese does in three characters. Bajie picks up 築菜, the cabbage-tamping sneer (甚 shén), and throws it back.

只zhǐ怕pà蕩dàng了le一yí下xià兒ér,教jiào你nǐ沒méi處chù貼tiē膏gāo藥yào, 只zhǐ怕pà荡dàng了le一yí下xià儿ér,教jiào你nǐ没méi处chù贴tiē膏gāo药yào,

'I'm only afraid that one swipe would leave you nowhere to stick a plaster,

沒處貼膏藥, 'nowhere left to stick a plaster' (教 jiào, the causative). A 膏藥 is the medicated patch of traditional practice, slapped on over an injury. The threat is that there will be too many holes to patch.

九jiǔ個gè眼yǎn子zi一yì齊qí流liú血xiě。縱zòng然rán不bù死sǐ,也yě是shì個gè到dào老lǎo的de破pò傷shāng風fēng。」 九jiǔ个gè眼yǎn子zi一yì齐qí流liú血xiě。纵zòng然rán不bù死sǐ,也yě是shì个gè到dào老lǎo的de破pò伤shāng风fēng。」

'with all nine holes running blood at once. And even if it didn't kill you, you'd have lockjaw to the end of your days.'

九個眼子, 'nine holes' — one per tooth of the rake (子 the light zi) — all bleeding at once. And then, if that somehow fails to kill: 破傷風, tetanus, lockjaw, for the rest of your life. It is a strikingly practical threat, and entirely in Bajie's register: even his brutality comes with an aftercare prognosis.

那nà怪guài丟diū開kāi架jià手shǒu,在zài那nà水shuǐ底dǐ下xià,與yǔ八bā戒jiè依yī然rán打dǎ出chū水shuǐ面miàn。 那nà怪guài丢diū开kāi架jià手shǒu,在zài那nà水shuǐ底dǐ下xià,与yǔ八bā戒jiè依yī然rán打dǎ出chū水shuǐ面miàn。

The monster threw open his guard and, down beneath the water, fought Bajie up once more to the surface.

丟開架手, 'threw open his guard' (那 nà twice). The fight climbs from the river-bed to the surface for the third time, on the same track as the last two.

這zhè一yì番fān鬥dòu,比bǐ前qián果guǒ更gèng不bù同tóng,你nǐ看kàn他tā: 这zhè一yì番fān斗dòu,比bǐ前qián果guǒ更gèng不bù同tóng,你nǐ看kàn他tā:

This bout was indeed more furious than the last — behold:

比前果更不同, 'truly even more unlike the last one' (更 gèng), and 你看他, 'look at him.' The tag brings on the chapter's third and final battle-rhapsody. The narrator is insisting on novelty in a scene that is, structurally, an exact repeat — which is part of the joke.

寶bǎo杖zhàng掄lūn,釘dīng鈀pá築zhù,言yán語yǔ不bù通tōng非fēi眷juàn屬shǔ。 宝bǎo杖zhàng抡lūn,钉dīng钯pá筑zhù,言yán语yǔ不bù通tōng非fēi眷juàn属shǔ。

The precious staff whirls, the nailed rake tamps; their speech not shared, they are no kin.

言語不通非眷屬, 'their speech not shared, they are no kin' (鈀 pá). On the surface it means they cannot talk and so cannot agree. Beneath it lies the chapter's real diagnosis, since these two are in fact kin of a sort — two disgraced officers of the same court — and nobody has said so.

只zhǐ因yīn木mù母mǔ剋kè刀dāo圭guī,致zhì令lìng兩liǎng下xià相xiāng戰zhàn觸chù。 只zhǐ因yīn木mù母mǔ克kè刀dāo圭guī,致zhì令lìng两liǎng下xià相xiāng战zhàn触chù。

It is only because the Wood-Mother overcomes the knife-and-spatula that the two are brought to clash and grapple.

The alchemy surfaces inside the fight itself. 木母, the Wood-Mother, is mercury, and it stands here for Bajie; 刀圭, the 'knife-and-spatula,' is the little measuring blade an apothecary used for powders, and by extension the measured dose of the elixir. 剋 is the technical verb for one of the five agents overcoming another — the cycle works rather like rock-paper-scissors, each element beating one and beaten by another. So the brawl is not enmity at all. It is chemistry, two ingredients reacting because that is what they do (相 xiāng).

沒méi輸shū贏yíng,無wú反fǎn覆fù,翻fān波bō淘táo浪làng不bù和hé睦mù。 没méi输shū赢yíng,无wú反fǎn覆fù,翻fān波bō淘táo浪làng不bù和hé睦mù。

No winning or losing, no give and take; churning the waves, they are all discord.

沒輸贏,無反覆 — no win, no loss, no turning of the tide — and 不和睦, 'not on good terms,' which after all that violence is a piece of magnificent understatement.

這zhè個gè怒nù氣qì怎zěn含hán容róng,那nà個gè傷shāng心xīn難nán忍rěn辱rǔ。 这zhè个gè怒nù气qì怎zěn含hán容róng,那nà个gè伤shāng心xīn难nán忍rěn辱rǔ。

This one, in his wrath, how could he forbear? That one, cut to the heart, could scarce brook the shame.

怒氣怎含容, how could such anger be held in, against 傷心難忍辱, heartsick, he could scarcely bear the shame (那 nà, 難 nán). Note which is which: Bajie gets the rage, and the demon gets the wounded pride. The verse has been quietly taking the monster's side for some time.

鈀pá來lái杖zhàng架jià逞chěng英yīng雄xióng,水shuǐ滾gǔn流liú沙shā能néng惡è毒dú。 钯pá来lái杖zhàng架jià逞chěng英yīng雄xióng,水shuǐ滚gǔn流liú沙shā能néng恶è毒dú。

Rake comes, staff parries — each plays the hero; the water boils the Flowing Sands, fierce and venomous.

水滾流沙, 'the water boils the Flowing Sands' (鈀 pá). The river stops being scenery and joins in.

氣qì昂áng昂áng,勞láo碌lù碌lù,多duō因yīn三sān藏zàng朝cháo西xī域yù。 气qì昂áng昂áng,劳láo碌lù碌lù,多duō因yīn三sān藏zàng朝cháo西xī域yù。

Spirits high, toiling hard — all because Sanzang journeys toward the Western Regions.

多因三藏朝西域, 'all because Sanzang journeys toward the Western Regions' (藏 zàng, 朝 cháo). The same deflating move the last rhapsody made with 只為取經人: every rhapsody in this chapter builds to cosmic scale and then reminds you that the cause of it all is one man on a horse trying to get to the far bank.

釘dīng鈀pá老lǎo大dà兇xiōng,寶bǎo杖zhàng十shí分fēn熟shú。 钉dīng钯pá老lǎo大dà凶xiōng,宝bǎo杖zhàng十shí分fēn熟shú。

The nailed rake is mighty fierce; the precious staff is thoroughly skilled.

釘鈀老大兇, the rake is mighty fierce (鈀 pá); 寶杖十分熟, the staff is thoroughly practised. Five characters each, weighed against each other like goods.

這zhè個gè揪jiū住zhù要yào往wǎng岸àn上shàng拖tuō,那nà個gè抓zhuā來lái就jiù將jiāng水shuǐ裡lǐ沃wò。 这zhè个gè揪jiū住zhù要yào往wǎng岸àn上shàng拖tuō,那nà个gè抓zhuā来lái就jiù将jiāng水shuǐ里lǐ沃wò。

This one grips to haul him up onto the bank; that one claws to drag him and douse him in the water.

The whole chapter in one couplet. 要往岸上拖, one of them hauling toward the bank; 就將水裡沃, the other dragging back to duck him under (那 nà, 將 jiāng). Land against water, each pulling toward the ground where he cannot be beaten. That is the deadlock, drawn in a single image.

聲shēng如rú霹pī靂lì動dòng魚yú龍lóng,雲yún暗àn天tiān昏hūn神shén鬼guǐ伏fú。 声shēng如rú霹pī雳lì动dòng鱼yú龙lóng,云yún暗àn天tiān昏hūn神shén鬼guǐ伏fú。

The din, like a thunder-clap, stirs the fish and dragons; clouds darken, the sky dims, gods and ghosts cower.

聲如霹靂, a noise like a thunderclap, and 雲暗天昏神鬼伏 — clouds dark, sky dim, gods and ghosts flat on the ground. The third rhapsody signs off exactly as the other two did, with the world unsettled and absolutely nothing resolved.


總評 Commentary

The last duel is prefaced by an exchange of grisly wit — Bajie promising nine bleeding holes and a lifetime of lockjaw — and then given the chapter's third battle-rhapsody. Formally it matches the first two, but here the alchemical reading breaks through into the verse itself: the fighters clash 只因木母剋刀圭, 'only because the Wood-Mother overcomes the knife-and-spatula.' The brawl is recast as a reaction between two elements, which is a considerably stranger thing than enmity.

One couplet names the true cause — 多因三藏朝西域, 'all because Sanzang journeys toward the Western Regions' — the same deflation the previous rhapsody managed with 只為取經人. Another draws the deadlock in a single picture: one fighter hauling toward the bank, the other dragging back into the water, each pulling for the ground on which he cannot lose. The set-piece ends, like its fellows, in an unsettled world — thunder in the deeps, the sky darkening, gods and ghosts cowering. Three formal duels have now been fought to no result whatever, and the reader is thoroughly prepared for the discovery that force was never going to win this crossing.