第二十二回 · 回河喚淨 The Return and the Summons — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

回河喚淨 The Return and the Summons

他tā兩liǎng個gè不bù多duō時shí，按àn落luò雲yún頭tóu，早zǎo來lái到dào流liú沙shā河hé岸àn。豬zhū八bā戒jiè認rèn得de是shì木mù吒zhā行xíng者zhě，引yǐn師shī父fù上shàng前qián迎yíng接jiē。那nà木mù吒zhā與yǔ三sān藏zàng禮lǐ畢bì，又yòu與yǔ八bā戒jiè相xiāng見jiàn。八bā戒jiè道dào：「向xiàng蒙méng尊zūn者zhě指zhǐ示shì，得dé見jiàn菩pú薩sà，我wǒ老lǎo豬zhū果guǒ遵zūn法fǎ教jiào，今jīn喜xǐ拜bài了le沙shā門mén。這zhè一yí向xiàng在zài途tú中zhōng奔bēn碌lù，未wèi及jí致zhì謝xiè，恕shù罪zuì，恕shù罪zuì。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「且qiě莫mò敘xù闊kuò，我wǒ們men叫jiào喚huàn那nà廝sī去qù來lái。」三sān藏zàng道dào：「叫jiào誰shuí？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「老lǎo孫sūn見jiàn菩pú薩sà，備bèi陳chén前qián事shì。菩pú薩sà說shuō，這zhè流liú沙shā河hé的de妖yāo怪guài，乃nǎi是shì捲juǎn簾lián大dà將jiàng臨lín凡fán，因yīn為wèi在zài天tiān有yǒu罪zuì，墮duò落luò此cǐ河hé，忘wàng形xíng作zuò怪guài。他tā曾céng被bèi菩pú薩sà勸quàn化huà，願yuàn歸guī師shī父fù往wǎng西xī天tiān去qù的de。但dàn是shì我wǒ們men不bù曾céng說shuō出chū取qǔ經jīng的de事shì情qíng，故gù此cǐ苦kǔ苦kǔ爭zhēng鬥dòu。菩pú薩sà今jīn差chāi木mù吒zhā將jiāng此cǐ葫hú蘆lú，要yào與yǔ這zhè廝sī結jié作zuò法fǎ船chuán，渡dù你nǐ過guò去qù哩lī。」三sān藏zàng聞wén言yán，頂dǐng禮lǐ不bú盡jìn，對duì木mù吒zhā作zuò禮lǐ道dào：「萬wàn望wàng尊zūn者zhě作zuò速sù一yì行xíng。」那nà木mù吒zhā捧pěng定dìng葫hú蘆lú，半bàn雲yún半bàn霧wù，徑jìng到dào了le流liú沙shā河hé水shuǐ面miàn上shàng，厲lì聲shēng高gāo叫jiào道dào：「悟wù淨jìng，悟wù淨jìng，取qǔ經jīng人rén在zài此cǐ久jiǔ矣yǐ，你nǐ怎zěn麼me還hái不bù歸guī順shùn？」他tā两liǎng个gè不bù多duō时shí，按àn落luò云yún头tóu，早zǎo来lái到dào流liú沙shā河hé岸àn。猪zhū八bā戒jiè认rèn得de是shì木mù咤zhā行xíng者zhě，引yǐn师shī父fù上shàng前qián迎yíng接jiē。那nà木mù咤zhā与yǔ三sān藏zàng礼lǐ毕bì，又yòu与yǔ八bā戒jiè相xiāng见jiàn。八bā戒jiè道dào：「向xiàng蒙méng尊zūn者zhě指zhǐ示shì，得dé见jiàn菩pú萨sà，我wǒ老lǎo猪zhū果guǒ遵zūn法fǎ教jiào，今jīn喜xǐ拜bài了le沙shā门mén。这zhè一yí向xiàng在zài途tú中zhōng奔bēn碌lù，未wèi及jí致zhì谢xiè，恕shù罪zuì，恕shù罪zuì。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「且qiě莫mò叙xù阔kuò，我wǒ们men叫jiào唤huàn那nà厮sī去qù来lái。」三sān藏zàng道dào：「叫jiào谁shuí？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「老lǎo孙sūn见jiàn菩pú萨sà，备bèi陈chén前qián事shì。菩pú萨sà说shuō，这zhè流liú沙shā河hé的de妖yāo怪guài，乃nǎi是shì卷juǎn帘lián大dà将jiàng临lín凡fán，因yīn为wèi在zài天tiān有yǒu罪zuì，堕duò落luò此cǐ河hé，忘wàng形xíng作zuò怪guài。他tā曾céng被bèi菩pú萨sà劝quàn化huà，愿yuàn归guī师shī父fù往wǎng西xī天tiān去qù的de。但dàn是shì我wǒ们men不bù曾céng说shuō出chū取qǔ经jīng的de事shì情qíng，故gù此cǐ苦kǔ苦kǔ争zhēng斗dòu。菩pú萨sà今jīn差chāi木mù咤zhā将jiāng此cǐ葫hú芦lú，要yào与yǔ这zhè厮sī结jié作zuò法fǎ船chuán，渡dù你nǐ过guò去qù哩lī。」三sān藏zàng闻wén言yán，顶dǐng礼lǐ不bú尽jìn，对duì木mù咤zhā作zuò礼lǐ道dào：「万wàn望wàng尊zūn者zhě作zuò速sù一yì行xíng。」那nà木mù咤zhā捧pěng定dìng葫hú芦lú，半bàn云yún半bàn雾wù，径jìng到dào了le流liú沙shā河hé水shuǐ面miàn上shàng，厉lì声shēng高gāo叫jiào道dào：「悟wù净jìng，悟wù净jìng，取qǔ经jīng人rén在zài此cǐ久jiǔ矣yǐ，你nǐ怎zěn么me还hái不bù归guī顺shùn？」

逐句解 Line by line

他tā兩liǎng個gè不bù多duō時shí，按àn落luò雲yún頭tóu，早zǎo來lái到dào流liú沙shā河hé岸àn。他tā两liǎng个gè不bù多duō时shí，按àn落luò云yún头tóu，早zǎo来lái到dào流liú沙shā河hé岸àn。

The two of them, in no long while, brought down their clouds and were soon at the bank of the River of Flowing Sands.

按落雲頭 ('brought the cloud-head down to earth') — Hui'an and the monkey return from Potalaka to the river with the gourd.

豬zhū八bā戒jiè認rèn得de是shì木mù吒zhā行xíng者zhě，引yǐn師shī父fù上shàng前qián迎yíng接jiē。猪zhū八bā戒jiè认rèn得de是shì木mù咤zhā行xíng者zhě，引yǐn师shī父fù上shàng前qián迎yíng接jiē。

Zhu Bajie recognized Mokṣa the Pilgrim and led the master forward to receive him.

木吒行者 — 木吒 (Mokṣa) is Guanyin's disciple; that Bajie 認得 (得 de) him recalls their acquaintance from the earlier chapters; 行 xíng.

那nà木mù吒zhā與yǔ三sān藏zàng禮lǐ畢bì，又yòu與yǔ八bā戒jiè相xiāng見jiàn。那nà木mù咤zhā与yǔ三sān藏zàng礼lǐ毕bì，又yòu与yǔ八bā戒jiè相xiāng见jiàn。

When Mokṣa had exchanged courtesies with Sanzang, he greeted Bajie as well.

禮畢 ('the courtesies done'; 那 nà, 三藏 zàng, 相見 xiāng) — the formal greetings proper between the Bodhisattva's envoy and the pilgrims.

八bā戒jiè道dào：「向xiàng蒙méng尊zūn者zhě指zhǐ示shì，得dé見jiàn菩pú薩sà，我wǒ老lǎo豬zhū果guǒ遵zūn法fǎ教jiào，今jīn喜xǐ拜bài了le沙shā門mén。八bā戒jiè道dào：「向xiàng蒙méng尊zūn者zhě指zhǐ示shì，得dé见jiàn菩pú萨sà，我wǒ老lǎo猪zhū果guǒ遵zūn法fǎ教jiào，今jīn喜xǐ拜bài了le沙shā门mén。

Bajie said: 'It was by your guidance, reverend one, that I once came to see the Bodhisattva; old Hog has indeed followed the dharma-teaching, and now happily bows within the gate of the sangha.'

得見菩薩 ('got to see the Bodhisattva'; 得 dé) — Bajie recalls that Mokṣa had brought him to Guanyin, in gratitude for his own conversion; 教 jiào.

這zhè一yí向xiàng在zài途tú中zhōng奔bēn碌lù，未wèi及jí致zhì謝xiè，恕shù罪zuì，恕shù罪zuì。」这zhè一yí向xiàng在zài途tú中zhōng奔bēn碌lù，未wèi及jí致zhì谢xiè，恕shù罪zuì，恕shù罪zuì。」

'All this while, busy on the road, I have had no chance to thank you — forgive me, forgive me.'

奔碌 ('toiling, hard-pressed'; 中 zhōng) and the doubled 恕罪 ('forgive the offence') — Bajie's courtesy, uncharacteristically punctilious before Guanyin's envoy.

行xíng者zhě道dào：「且qiě莫mò敘xù闊kuò，我wǒ們men叫jiào喚huàn那nà廝sī去qù來lái。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「且qiě莫mò叙xù阔kuò，我wǒ们men叫jiào唤huàn那nà厮sī去qù来lái。」

The Pilgrim said: 'Never mind exchanging old news — let's go and call that fellow out.'

敘闊 ('to talk over the long parting') and 那廝 ('that fellow'; 那 nà) — the impatient monkey cuts the pleasantries short to get to the business of the crossing.

三sān藏zàng道dào：「叫jiào誰shuí？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「老lǎo孫sūn見jiàn菩pú薩sà，備bèi陳chén前qián事shì。三sān藏zàng道dào：「叫jiào谁shuí？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「老lǎo孙sūn见jiàn菩pú萨sà，备bèi陈chén前qián事shì。

Sanzang said: 'Call whom?' The Pilgrim said: 'When old Sun saw the Bodhisattva, I laid the whole matter before her.'

備陳前事 ('set out the earlier events in full'; 三藏 zàng) — the monkey now relays to the master what Guanyin disclosed.

菩pú薩sà說shuō，這zhè流liú沙shā河hé的de妖yāo怪guài，乃nǎi是shì捲juǎn簾lián大dà將jiàng臨lín凡fán，菩pú萨sà说shuō，这zhè流liú沙shā河hé的de妖yāo怪guài，乃nǎi是shì卷juǎn帘lián大dà将jiàng临lín凡fán，

'The Bodhisattva said this monster of the Flowing Sands is the Curtain-Raising General come down to the mortal world,

捲簾大將臨凡 ('the Curtain-Raising Grand General descended to earth'; 將 jiàng) — the monkey repeats the revelation for the master and Bajie.

因yīn為wèi在zài天tiān有yǒu罪zuì，墮duò落luò此cǐ河hé，忘wàng形xíng作zuò怪guài。因yīn为wèi在zài天tiān有yǒu罪zuì，堕duò落luò此cǐ河hé，忘wàng形xíng作zuò怪guài。

'who, having committed an offence in Heaven, fell to this river and, forgetting his form, took to demon's ways.'

因為在天有罪 ('because he had sinned in Heaven'; 為 wèi) and 忘形作怪 ('forgot his true shape and became a monster') — the demon's fall summarized.

他tā曾céng被bèi菩pú薩sà勸quàn化huà，願yuàn歸guī師shī父fù往wǎng西xī天tiān去qù的de。他tā曾céng被bèi菩pú萨sà劝quàn化huà，愿yuàn归guī师shī父fù往wǎng西xī天tiān去qù的de。

'He was once won over by the Bodhisattva, and vowed to follow the master to the Western Heaven.'

勸化 ('exhorted and converted') — the key point: the demon is Guanyin's convert, pledged to this very pilgrimage.

但dàn是shì我wǒ們men不bù曾céng說shuō出chū取qǔ經jīng的de事shì情qíng，故gù此cǐ苦kǔ苦kǔ爭zhēng鬥dòu。但dàn是shì我wǒ们men不bù曾céng说shuō出chū取qǔ经jīng的de事shì情qíng，故gù此cǐ苦kǔ苦kǔ争zhēng斗dòu。

'It was only that we never told him about the scripture-quest, and so we fought each other so bitterly.'

不曾說出 ('never told') — the monkey names the whole cause of the three-day battle: a thing left unsaid.

菩pú薩sà今jīn差chāi木mù吒zhā將jiāng此cǐ葫hú蘆lú，要yào與yǔ這zhè廝sī結jié作zuò法fǎ船chuán，渡dù你nǐ過guò去qù哩lī。」菩pú萨sà今jīn差chāi木mù咤zhā将jiāng此cǐ葫hú芦lú，要yào与yǔ这zhè厮sī结jié作zuò法fǎ船chuán，渡dù你nǐ过guò去qù哩lī。」

'Now the Bodhisattva has sent Mokṣa with this gourd, to make a dharma-boat with the fellow's help and ferry you across.'

差木吒 ('dispatched Mokṣa'; 差 chāi, to send, not chà) and 結作法船 ('bind into a dharma-boat'; 將 jiāng) — the plan conveyed to the master.

三sān藏zàng聞wén言yán，頂dǐng禮lǐ不bú盡jìn，對duì木mù吒zhā作zuò禮lǐ道dào：「萬wàn望wàng尊zūn者zhě作zuò速sù一yì行xíng。」三sān藏zàng闻wén言yán，顶dǐng礼lǐ不bú尽jìn，对duì木mù咤zhā作zuò礼lǐ道dào：「万wàn望wàng尊zūn者zhě作zuò速sù一yì行xíng。」

Hearing this, Sanzang bowed his head in endless reverence, and did obeisance to Mokṣa, saying: 'I earnestly beg you, reverend one, to make the trip at once.'

頂禮不盡 ('bowed without ceasing'; here 不 is bú, since 盡 is raised to jìn, a falling tone, before which 不 takes its second-tone sandhi). 作速一行 ('to go quickly'; 三藏 zàng, 行 xíng) — the grateful master urges haste.

那nà木mù吒zhā捧pěng定dìng葫hú蘆lú，半bàn雲yún半bàn霧wù，徑jìng到dào了le流liú沙shā河hé水shuǐ面miàn上shàng，厲lì聲shēng高gāo叫jiào道dào：那nà木mù咤zhā捧pěng定dìng葫hú芦lú，半bàn云yún半bàn雾wù，径jìng到dào了le流liú沙shā河hé水shuǐ面miàn上shàng，厉lì声shēng高gāo叫jiào道dào：

Mokṣa, holding the gourd fast, half in cloud and half in mist, went straight to the surface of the River of Flowing Sands and called out in a stern, loud voice:

半雲半霧 ('half cloud, half mist'; 那 nà) — Mokṣa descends to the water to summon the demon by the name Guanyin gave him.

「悟wù淨jìng，悟wù淨jìng，取qǔ經jīng人rén在zài此cǐ久jiǔ矣yǐ，你nǐ怎zěn麼me還hái不bù歸guī順shùn？」「悟wù净jìng，悟wù净jìng，取qǔ经jīng人rén在zài此cǐ久jiǔ矣yǐ，你nǐ怎zěn么me还hái不bù归guī顺shùn？」

'Wujing! Wujing! The scripture-seekers have long been here — why do you still not submit?'

悟淨 ('Awakened to Purity') is called aloud, and 還不歸順 ('still not submit'; 還 hái) — the summons that, unlike the pilgrims' blows, will draw the demon out in peace.

總評 Commentary

The two agents of the resolution return to the river, and the passage is largely the monkey relaying Guanyin's revelation to the master. What was fought over for three days is now stated plainly: the demon is the Curtain-Raising General, fallen from Heaven, and Guanyin's own convert, pledged to follow this very pilgrimage — and the whole battle sprang from a thing left unsaid, the pilgrims' failure to name themselves. Bajie's grateful courtesy to Mokṣa, who once brought him too to the Bodhisattva, quietly binds the demon's coming conversion to the pattern of his own.

The contrast between force and word is now made visible. Where the pilgrims' repeated blows only drove the demon deeper into the water, Mokṣa needs merely to descend to the surface and call the fiend by the religious name Guanyin bestowed — 悟淨, 'Awakened to Purity' — and ask why he does not submit. The instrument of the crossing is not a weapon but a name and a summons; the passage's grateful bows and formal courtesies mark the shift from the register of combat to that of conversion.