Canonical Classics ← 第二十二回
第二十二回
八bā戒jiè大dà戰zhàn流liú沙shā河hé
木mù叉chā奉fèng法fǎ收shōu悟wù淨jìng

Bajie Does Great Battle at the River of Flowing Sands · Mokṣa, Bearing the Dharma-Command, Wins Over Wujing

悟淨出水歸依
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

悟淨出水歸依 Awakened to Purity Comes Forth

卻què說shuō那nà怪guài懼jù怕pà猴hóu王wáng,回huí於yú水shuǐ底dǐ,正zhèng在zài窩wō中zhōng歇xiē息xī,只zhǐ聽tīng得dé叫jiào他tā法fǎ名míng。情qíng知zhī是shì觀guān音yīn菩pú薩sà;又yòu聞wén得dé說shuō「取qǔ經jīng人rén在zài此cǐ」:他tā也yě不bú懼jù斧fǔ鉞yuè,急jí翻fān波bō伸shēn出chū頭tóu來lái,又yòu認rèn得dé是shì木mù吒zhā行xíng者zhě。你nǐ看kàn他tā笑xiào盈yíng盈yíng,上shàng前qián作zuò禮lǐ道dào:「尊zūn者zhě失shī迎yíng。菩pú薩sà今jīn在zài何hé處chù?」木mù吒zhā道dào:「我wǒ師shī未wèi來lái,先xiān差chāi我wǒ來lái吩fēn咐fu你nǐ早zǎo跟gēn唐táng僧sēng做zuò個gè徒tú弟dì。叫jiào把bǎ你nǐ項xiàng下xià掛guà的de骷kū髏lóu與yǔ這zhè個gè葫hú蘆lú,按àn九jiǔ宮gōng結jié做zuò一yì隻zhī法fǎ船chuán,渡dù他tā過guò此cǐ弱ruò水shuǐ。」悟wù淨jìng道dào:「取qǔ經jīng人rén卻què在zài那nǎ裡lǐ?」木mù吒zhā用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ道dào:「那nà東dōng岸àn上shàng坐zuò的de不bú是shì?」悟wù淨jìng看kàn見jiàn了le八bā戒jiè道dào:「他tā不bù知zhī是shì那nǎ裡lǐ來lái的de個gè潑pō物wù,與yǔ我wǒ整zhěng鬥dòu了le這zhè兩liǎng日rì,何hé曾zēng言yán著zháo一yí個gè取qǔ經jīng的de字zì兒ér?」又yòu看kàn見jiàn行xíng者zhě,道dào:「這zhè個gè主zhǔ子zi,是shì他tā的de幫bāng手shǒu,好hǎo不bú利lì害hài,我wǒ不bú去qù了le。」木mù吒zhā道dào:「那nà是shì豬zhū八bā戒jiè,這zhè是shì孫sūn行xíng者zhě,俱jù是shì唐táng僧sēng的de徒tú弟dì,俱jù是shì菩pú薩sà勸quàn化huà的de,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?我wǒ且qiě和hé你nǐ見jiàn唐táng僧sēng去qù。」却què说shuō那nà怪guài惧jù怕pà猴hóu王wáng,回huí于yú水shuǐ底dǐ,正zhèng在zài窝wō中zhōng歇xiē息xī,只zhǐ听tīng得dé叫jiào他tā法fǎ名míng。情qíng知zhī是shì观guān音yīn菩pú萨sà;又yòu闻wén得dé说shuō「取qǔ经jīng人rén在zài此cǐ」:他tā也yě不bú惧jù斧fǔ钺yuè,急jí翻fān波bō伸shēn出chū头tóu来lái,又yòu认rèn得dé是shì木mù咤zhā行xíng者zhě。你nǐ看kàn他tā笑xiào盈yíng盈yíng,上shàng前qián作zuò礼lǐ道dào:「尊zūn者zhě失shī迎yíng。菩pú萨sà今jīn在zài何hé处chù?」木mù咤zhā道dào:「我wǒ师shī未wèi来lái,先xiān差chāi我wǒ来lái吩fēn咐fu你nǐ早zǎo跟gēn唐táng僧sēng做zuò个gè徒tú弟dì。叫jiào把bǎ你nǐ项xiàng下xià挂guà的de骷kū髅lóu与yǔ这zhè个gè葫hú芦lú,按àn九jiǔ宫gōng结jié做zuò一yì只zhī法fǎ船chuán,渡dù他tā过guò此cǐ弱ruò水shuǐ。」悟wù净jìng道dào:「取qǔ经jīng人rén却què在zài那nǎ里lǐ?」木mù咤zhā用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ道dào:「那nà东dōng岸àn上shàng坐zuò的de不bú是shì?」悟wù净jìng看kàn见jiàn了le八bā戒jiè道dào:「他tā不bù知zhī是shì那nǎ里lǐ来lái的de个gè泼pō物wù,与yǔ我wǒ整zhěng斗dòu了le这zhè两liǎng日rì,何hé曾zēng言yán着zháo一yí个gè取qǔ经jīng的de字zì儿ér?」又yòu看kàn见jiàn行xíng者zhě,道dào:「这zhè个gè主zhǔ子zi,是shì他tā的de帮bāng手shǒu,好hǎo不bú利lì害hài,我wǒ不bú去qù了le。」木mù咤zhā道dào:「那nà是shì猪zhū八bā戒jiè,这zhè是shì孙sūn行xíng者zhě,俱jù是shì唐táng僧sēng的de徒tú弟dì,俱jù是shì菩pú萨sà劝quàn化huà的de,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?我wǒ且qiě和hé你nǐ见jiàn唐táng僧sēng去qù。」


逐句解 Line by line

卻què說shuō那nà怪guài懼jù怕pà猴hóu王wáng,回huí於yú水shuǐ底dǐ,正zhèng在zài窩wō中zhōng歇xiē息xī,只zhǐ聽tīng得dé叫jiào他tā法fǎ名míng。 却què说shuō那nà怪guài惧jù怕pà猴hóu王wáng,回huí于yú水shuǐ底dǐ,正zhèng在zài窝wō中zhōng歇xiē息xī,只zhǐ听tīng得dé叫jiào他tā法fǎ名míng。

Now the monster, in dread of the Monkey King, had gone back to the bottom of the water and was resting in his lair, when he heard someone call his religious name.

懼怕猴王, 'in dread of the Monkey King' (那 nà, 中 zhōng, 得 de). Note who he is hiding from. Not Bajie, whom he fought to three draws — the monkey, whose stroke he could not face even once. Then, mid-nap, he hears somebody using his religious name.

情qíng知zhī是shì觀guān音yīn菩pú薩sà;又yòu聞wén得dé說shuō「取qǔ經jīng人rén在zài此cǐ」: 情qíng知zhī是shì观guān音yīn菩pú萨sà;又yòu闻wén得dé说shuō「取qǔ经jīng人rén在zài此cǐ」:

He knew at once it was the Bodhisattva Guanyin, and heard besides the words 'The scripture-seekers are here':

情知 — 'knew in his heart,' immediately and without being told (得 de). Nobody in the world uses that name but one person, so the summons identifies its sender. And then the five characters the pilgrims never thought to say.

他tā也yě不bú懼jù斧fǔ鉞yuè,急jí翻fān波bō伸shēn出chū頭tóu來lái,又yòu認rèn得dé是shì木mù吒zhā行xíng者zhě。 他tā也yě不bú惧jù斧fǔ钺yuè,急jí翻fān波bō伸shēn出chū头tóu来lái,又yòu认rèn得dé是shì木mù咤zhā行xíng者zhě。

Fearing no axe or halberd now, he swiftly stirred the waves, thrust out his head, and saw that it was Mokṣa the Pilgrim.

不懼斧鉞, 'fearing neither axe nor halberd' — the 斧鉞 are the executioner's weapons, and the phrase means going out to meet whatever is coming, including death. A moment ago he was hiding at the bottom of a river. One name has changed the whole calculation (認得, 得 de; 行 xíng).

你nǐ看kàn他tā笑xiào盈yíng盈yíng,上shàng前qián作zuò禮lǐ道dào:「尊zūn者zhě失shī迎yíng。菩pú薩sà今jīn在zài何hé處chù?」 你nǐ看kàn他tā笑xiào盈yíng盈yíng,上shàng前qián作zuò礼lǐ道dào:「尊zūn者zhě失shī迎yíng。菩pú萨sà今jīn在zài何hé处chù?」

See how, all smiles, he came forward and made his bow: 'Reverend one, forgive my not receiving you. Where is the Bodhisattva now?' Mokṣa said:

笑盈盈, 'brimful of smiles,' and 失迎 — 'I failed to come out and meet you,' the standard apology of a host caught unprepared by a guest. The creature who was promising to mince Bajie into fish-paste is now embarrassed about his hospitality.

木mù吒zhā道dào:「我wǒ師shī未wèi來lái,先xiān差chāi我wǒ來lái吩fēn咐fu你nǐ早zǎo跟gēn唐táng僧sēng做zuò個gè徒tú弟dì。 木mù咤zhā道dào:「我wǒ师shī未wèi来lái,先xiān差chāi我wǒ来lái吩fēn咐fu你nǐ早zǎo跟gēn唐táng僧sēng做zuò个gè徒tú弟dì。

'My mistress has not come; she sent me ahead to tell you to follow the Tang Monk at once and become his disciple.'

先差我來, 'sent me on ahead' (差 chāi, to dispatch, not chà). Mokṣa delivers the instruction plainly: go and be his disciple. No negotiation, no test of strength.

叫jiào把bǎ你nǐ項xiàng下xià掛guà的de骷kū髏lóu與yǔ這zhè個gè葫hú蘆lú,按àn九jiǔ宮gōng結jié做zuò一yì隻zhī法fǎ船chuán,渡dù他tā過guò此cǐ弱ruò水shuǐ。」 叫jiào把bǎ你nǐ项xiàng下xià挂guà的de骷kū髅lóu与yǔ这zhè个gè葫hú芦lú,按àn九jiǔ宫gōng结jié做zuò一yì只zhī法fǎ船chuán,渡dù他tā过guò此cǐ弱ruò水shuǐ。」

'She bids you take the skulls hung at your neck, together with this gourd, and bind them by the Nine Palaces into a dharma-boat, to ferry them across this Weak Water.'

項下掛的骷髏, 'the skulls hung at your neck' (的 de). The order comes as a matter of course, but stop and consider what is being asked. The trophies of his man-eating years are to become the vehicle that carries a monk to safety. His past is not being erased; it is being put to work.

悟wù淨jìng道dào:「取qǔ經jīng人rén卻què在zài那nǎ裡lǐ?」木mù吒zhā用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ道dào:「那nà東dōng岸àn上shàng坐zuò的de不bú是shì?」 悟wù净jìng道dào:「取qǔ经jīng人rén却què在zài那nǎ里lǐ?」木mù咤zhā用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ道dào:「那nà东dōng岸àn上shàng坐zuò的de不bú是shì?」

Wujing said: 'And where are the scripture-seekers?' Mokṣa pointed with his hand: 'Isn't that them, seated on the eastern bank?'

那裡, 'where?' (那 nǎ, asking), answered immediately by 那東岸, 'that eastern bank' (那 nà, pointing). The same character doing both jobs inside a single exchange, question and answer, is as neat a demonstration of the split as the chapter offers.

悟wù淨jìng看kàn見jiàn了le八bā戒jiè道dào:「他tā不bù知zhī是shì那nǎ裡lǐ來lái的de個gè潑pō物wù, 悟wù净jìng看kàn见jiàn了le八bā戒jiè道dào:「他tā不bù知zhī是shì那nǎ里lǐ来lái的de个gè泼pō物wù,

Wujing looked and, seeing Bajie, said: 'I don't know where that vile creature came from —

那裡來的, 'come from where?' (那 nǎ). He is converted but not yet reconciled. Bajie is still, as far as he is concerned, an unidentified ruffian who turned up and started swinging a rake.

與yǔ我wǒ整zhěng鬥dòu了le這zhè兩liǎng日rì,何hé曾zēng言yán著zháo一yí個gè取qǔ經jīng的de字zì兒ér?」 与yǔ我wǒ整zhěng斗dòu了le这zhè两liǎng日rì,何hé曾zēng言yán着zháo一yí个gè取qǔ经jīng的de字zì儿ér?」

'he battled me these two whole days, and never once uttered a single word about fetching scriptures!'

何曾言著, 'when did he ever say' (著 zháo) — and the complaint is the Bodhisattva's diagnosis, word for word, from the other side. Two whole days of fighting, and not one syllable about fetching scriptures. He is entirely within his rights.

又yòu看kàn見jiàn行xíng者zhě,道dào:「這zhè個gè主zhǔ子zi,是shì他tā的de幫bāng手shǒu,好hǎo不bú利lì害hài,我wǒ不bú去qù了le。」 又yòu看kàn见jiàn行xíng者zhě,道dào:「这zhè个gè主zhǔ子zi,是shì他tā的de帮bāng手shǒu,好hǎo不bú利lì害hài,我wǒ不bú去qù了le。」

Then, catching sight of the Pilgrim, he said: 'That master there is his helper — terribly fierce; I won't go.'

好不利害, 'how very formidable' (行 xíng, 子 the light zi) — the construction is one of the traps of vernacular Chinese, since 好不 means emphatically yes, not no. And then, flatly: I won't go. The old dread of the monkey outlasts the conversion by a good few lines.

木mù吒zhā道dào:「那nà是shì豬zhū八bā戒jiè,這zhè是shì孫sūn行xíng者zhě, 木mù咤zhā道dào:「那nà是shì猪zhū八bā戒jiè,这zhè是shì孙sūn行xíng者zhě,

Mokṣa said: 'That is Zhu Bajie, and this is Sun Wukong,

那是, 'that one is' (那 nà). Mokṣa simply performs the introduction that two days of combat never managed. That is Zhu Bajie; this is Sun Wukong.

俱jù是shì唐táng僧sēng的de徒tú弟dì,俱jù是shì菩pú薩sà勸quàn化huà的de,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?我wǒ且qiě和hé你nǐ見jiàn唐táng僧sēng去qù。」 俱jù是shì唐táng僧sēng的de徒tú弟dì,俱jù是shì菩pú萨sà劝quàn化huà的de,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?我wǒ且qiě和hé你nǐ见jiàn唐táng僧sēng去qù。」

'both disciples of the Tang Monk, and both converts of the Bodhisattva — why fear them? Come, let me take you to meet the Tang Monk.'

俱是菩薩勸化的, 'both of them won over by the Bodhisattva' (的 de). One sentence, and three enemies become three colleagues with the same employer. 怕他怎的 — what is there to be afraid of? Nothing, it turns out, and there never was.


總評 Commentary

The transformation is instantaneous and complete, and the narrative is careful about what causes it: the name and the message, not any show of force. Hiding in dread of the monkey's cudgel, he hears his religious name and the words 'the scripture-seekers are here,' and at once fears neither axe nor halberd, surfaces all smiles, and apologises for not having come out to greet his visitor properly. The fiend who spat cannibal threats is, at a word from Guanyin's envoy, a decorous disciple-in-waiting.

His two objections are quietly telling. The complaint against Bajie — that they fought two whole days and he never once uttered a word about fetching scriptures — confirms the Bodhisattva's diagnosis exactly, and from the other side of the fight. And his lingering dread of the monkey, still 'terribly fierce,' shows the fear was always of the Great Sage alone; it takes Mokṣa's assurance that both are Guanyin's converts to settle it. What the passage completes is the chapter's argument that this barrier was never a matter for force at all, but for recognition among people the Bodhisattva had already claimed.