挑擔有力 Strong at Carrying the Load
二徒弟姓豬,法名悟能,臣又呼他為豬八戒。他出身原是福陵山雲棧洞人氏。因在烏斯藏高老莊上作怪,亦蒙菩薩勸善,虧行者收之。一路上挑擔有力,涉水有功。二徒弟姓猪,法名悟能,臣又呼他为猪八戒。他出身原是福陵山云栈洞人氏。因在乌斯藏高老庄上作怪,亦蒙菩萨劝善,亏行者收之。一路上挑担有力,涉水有功。
逐句解 Line by line
“My second disciple's surname is Zhu, his religious name Wuneng, and your servant also calls him Zhu Bajie.”
⚠ The same three-part form as before, and the joke is in the surname. 豬 is the ordinary word for a pig. The Tang monk reports it to his emperor with a straight face, as a surname, in a formal audience. 悟能, Awakened to Ability, against Monkey's 悟空, Awakened to Emptiness. 八戒 is the Eight Prohibitions — the eight rules a lay Buddhist takes for a fast day, and a name given to a character who has broken most of them.
“By origin he is a native of the Cloud Ladder Cave on Blessed Mound Mountain.”
Shorter than Monkey's address by a continent and a country, which is roughly the proportion the novel keeps between the two of them everywhere else.
“Because he was making mischief at Gao Village in U-Tsang, the Bodhisattva likewise urged him to good, and it was thanks to Monkey that he was taken in.”
⚠ 烏斯藏 is U-Tsang, the old Chinese name for central Tibet. Its last character is read zàng — the same one as in the Tang monk's own title, and the same one that still stands in the modern Chinese name for Tibet. 作怪 — making mischief, playing the monster. He had married into the Gao family and eaten his way through their stores. 虧行者收之 — thanks to Monkey, he was taken in. Twice in two passages the Tang monk gives Monkey the credit.
“All along the road he was strong at carrying the load, and useful at fording water.”
⚠ Ten characters, and they are Pigsy's whole testimonial. Strong with the luggage, handy in a river. 挑擔 — to shoulder a pole-load. The word occurs at both ends of this chapter: it is what Monkey said his master could not do, and it is the one thing his master can find to praise Pigsy for. After ninety chapters of complaints, appetite, betrayals, bravery and the funniest lines in the book, the summary a buddha gives his emperor is that the pig carried things.
Pigsy's reference is shorter than Monkey's and pointedly plainer. A surname that is simply the word for a pig, a religious name, a nickname, a cave, and a line about making mischief in a village in Tibet.
⚠ And then the testimonial, in ten characters: strong at carrying the load, useful at fording water. That is what a hundred chapters of Pigsy comes to when it has to be said aloud to a sovereign.
⚠ It is also, quietly, accurate. The load he is being praised for is the one Monkey said the master could not carry, and it is the reason all three disciples got to walk the last mile at all. The novel is not mocking him. It is just declining to say anything else.