第一百回 · 鬥戰勝佛 Buddha Victorious in Strife — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

鬥戰勝佛 Buddha Victorious in Strife

──孫sūn悟wù空kōng，汝rǔ因yīn大dà鬧nào天tiān宮gōng，吾wú以yǐ甚shèn深shēn法fǎ力lì，壓yā在zài五wǔ行xíng山shān下xià，幸xìng天tiān災zāi滿mǎn足zú，歸guī於yú釋shì教jiào；且qiě喜xǐ汝rǔ隱yǐn惡è揚yáng善shàn，在zài途tú中zhōng煉liàn魔mó降xiáng怪guài有yǒu功gōng，全quán終zhōng全quán始shǐ，加jiā陞shēng大dà職zhí正zhèng果guǒ，汝rǔ為wéi鬥dòu戰zhàn勝shèng佛fó。──孙sūn悟wù空kōng，汝rǔ因yīn大dà闹nào天tiān宫gōng，吾wú以yǐ甚shèn深shēn法fǎ力lì，压yā在zài五wǔ行xíng山shān下xià，幸xìng天tiān灾zāi满mǎn足zú，归guī于yú释shì教jiào；且qiě喜xǐ汝rǔ隐yǐn恶è扬yáng善shàn，在zài途tú中zhōng炼liàn魔mó降xiáng怪guài有yǒu功gōng，全quán终zhōng全quán始shǐ，加jiā升shēng大dà职zhí正zhèng果guǒ，汝rǔ为wéi斗dòu战zhàn胜shèng佛fó。

逐句解 Line by line

──孫sūn悟wù空kōng，汝rǔ因yīn大dà鬧nào天tiān宮gōng，吾wú以yǐ甚shèn深shēn法fǎ力lì，壓yā在zài五wǔ行xíng山shān下xià，幸xìng天tiān災zāi滿mǎn足zú，歸guī於yú釋shì教jiào； ──孙sūn悟wù空kōng，汝rǔ因yīn大dà闹nào天tiān宫gōng，吾wú以yǐ甚shèn深shēn法fǎ力lì，压yā在zài五wǔ行xíng山shān下xià，幸xìng天tiān灾zāi满mǎn足zú，归guī于yú释shì教jiào；

“Sun Wukong: because you made your great uproar in heaven, I used a very deep power of the Law and pressed you under the Mountain of Five Phases. Happily the heaven-sent calamity ran its full term and you came home to the teaching of Sakya;”

⚠ 幸天災滿足 — happily the heaven-sent calamity was fulfilled. The Buddha calls five hundred years under a mountain a calamity that had to run its term, as though it were weather rather than a sentence he passed. 五行山, the Mountain of Five Phases — wood, fire, earth, metal and water, the whole material world laid on one monkey. 大鬧天宮 — the great uproar in heaven, the first seven chapters of the book, a subordinate clause again.

且qiě喜xǐ汝rǔ隱yǐn惡è揚yáng善shàn，在zài途tú中zhōng煉liàn魔mó降xiáng怪guài有yǒu功gōng，全quán終zhōng全quán始shǐ，加jiā陞shēng大dà職zhí正zhèng果guǒ，汝rǔ為wéi鬥dòu戰zhàn勝shèng佛fó。且qiě喜xǐ汝rǔ隐yǐn恶è扬yáng善shàn，在zài途tú中zhōng炼liàn魔mó降xiáng怪guài有yǒu功gōng，全quán终zhōng全quán始shǐ，加jiā升shēng大dà职zhí正zhèng果guǒ，汝rǔ为wéi斗dòu战zhàn胜shèng佛fó。

“and I am glad you have hidden your evil and shown forth good, and earned merit on the road by refining away fiends and subduing monsters, whole at the end as at the beginning. I promote you to the great office of right fruit: you shall be the Buddha Victorious in Strife.”

⚠ 降怪 — to subdue monsters. The first character is read xiáng, to force into submission, not jiàng, to come down from above. Monkey did not descend on the fiends; he beat them. ⚠ 全終全始 — whole at the end and whole at the beginning. It is the highest thing the Buddha says to anybody in this scene, and it means he finished what he started. 鬥戰勝佛 — the Buddha Victorious in Strife. Of all the titles handed out, it is the only one that keeps the recipient's actual character: he is made a buddha of fighting.

總評 Commentary

The Buddha's account of what he did to Monkey is worth reading twice. He pressed him under a mountain with a very deep power of the Law — and then calls the five hundred years a heaven-sent calamity that happily ran its full term, as though it were weather and not a sentence he passed himself.

⚠ The praise, when it comes, is the warmest thing said to anybody in the scene: whole at the end as at the beginning. He finished what he started. Nobody else gets a line like it.

⚠ And his title is the only one that keeps its holder's character. The Tang monk becomes a buddha of sandalwood merit; Monkey becomes the Buddha Victorious in Strife. He is made a buddha of fighting, which is the one thing he was always going to be.