Canonical Classics ← 第六十四回
第六十四回
荊jīng棘jí嶺lǐng悟wù能néng努nǔ力lì
木mù仙xiān庵ān三sān藏zàng談tán詩shī

On Thorn Ridge Wuneng Exerts His Strength · At the Wood Immortals' Hermitage Tripitaka Discourses on Poetry

成此姻眷
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

成此姻眷 To Make This Match

孤gū直zhí公gōng道dào:「聖shèng僧sēng乃nǎi有yǒu道dào有yǒu名míng之zhī士shì,決jué不bù苟gǒu且qiě行xíng事shì。如rú此cǐ樣yàng舉jǔ措cuò,是shì我wǒ等děng取qǔ罪zuì過guò了le。污wū人rén名míng,壞huài人rén德dé,非fēi遠yuǎn達dá也yě。果guǒ是shì杏xìng仙xiān有yǒu意yì,可kě教jiào拂fú雲yún叟sǒu與yǔ十shí八bā公gōng做zuò媒méi,我wǒ與yǔ凌líng空kōng子zǐ保bǎo親qīn,成chéng此cǐ姻yīn眷juàn,何hé不bù美měi哉zāi?」孤gū直zhí公gōng道dào:「圣shèng僧sēng乃nǎi有yǒu道dào有yǒu名míng之zhī士shì,决jué不bù苟gǒu且qiě行xíng事shì。如rú此cǐ样yàng举jǔ措cuò,是shì我wǒ等děng取qǔ罪zuì过guò了le。污wū人rén名míng,坏huài人rén德dé,非fēi远yuǎn达dá也yě。果guǒ是shì杏xìng仙xiān有yǒu意yì,可kě教jiào拂fú云yún叟sǒu与yǔ十shí八bā公gōng做zuò媒méi,我wǒ与yǔ凌líng空kōng子zǐ保bǎo亲qīn,成chéng此cǐ姻yīn眷juàn,何hé不bù美měi哉zāi?」


逐句解 Line by line

孤gū直zhí公gōng道dào:「聖shèng僧sēng乃nǎi有yǒu道dào有yǒu名míng之zhī士shì,決jué不bù苟gǒu且qiě行xíng事shì。 孤gū直zhí公gōng道dào:「圣shèng僧sēng乃nǎi有yǒu道dào有yǒu名míng之zhī士shì,决jué不bù苟gǒu且qiě行xíng事shì。

The Duke of Lonely Uprightness said, "The holy monk is a man of the Way and of reputation; he will certainly not act in any loose fashion.

苟且 is doing a thing carelessly or improperly, and in matters of this kind it is the standard word for an irregular liaison.

如rú此cǐ樣yàng舉jǔ措cuò,是shì我wǒ等děng取qǔ罪zuì過guò了le。 如rú此cǐ样yàng举jǔ措cuò,是shì我wǒ等děng取qǔ罪zuì过guò了le。

"To behave in this way is for us to bring guilt on ourselves.

The objection is to the manner, not to the aim, and the next two segments make that unmistakable.

污wū人rén名míng,壞huài人rén德dé,非fēi遠yuǎn達dá也yě。 污wū人rén名míng,坏huài人rén德dé,非fēi远yuǎn达dá也yě。

"To soil a man's name and spoil his virtue is not the act of the far-seeing.

Three clauses of three, three and four characters. The moral vocabulary is exact and it is being spent entirely on procedure.

果guǒ是shì杏xìng仙xiān有yǒu意yì,可kě教jiào拂fú雲yún叟sǒu與yǔ十shí八bā公gōng做zuò媒méi,我wǒ與yǔ凌líng空kōng子zǐ保bǎo親qīn,成chéng此cǐ姻yīn眷juàn,何hé不bù美měi哉zāi?」 果guǒ是shì杏xìng仙xiān有yǒu意yì,可kě教jiào拂fú云yún叟sǒu与yǔ十shí八bā公gōng做zuò媒méi,我wǒ与yǔ凌líng空kōng子zǐ保bǎo亲qīn,成chéng此cǐ姻yīn眷juàn,何hé不bù美měi哉zāi?」

"If the Apricot Immortal is truly minded to it, let the Cloud-Brusher and the Eighteenth Duke be go-betweens, and the Master Who Rides the Void and myself stand surety for the match. Make the marriage properly — would that not be excellent?"

做媒 and 保親 are the two offices a Chinese betrothal required — the go-between who makes the match and the guarantor who stands surety for it — and all four elders are assigned one apiece. 教 is the causative jiào.


總評 Commentary

The Duke of Lonely Uprightness appears to be intervening on Tripitaka's behalf and he is not. His objection is that soiling a man's name is beneath them — that is, that the method is crude. He does not say the aim is wrong. He proposes a better method.

What he proposes is a wedding, with the offices correctly filled: two go-betweens and two guarantors, one part for each of the four of them. It is the most typical thing the chapter does. These spirits have spent the whole evening unable to imagine a difficulty that could not be dissolved by observing the right form, and faced with a monk who will not break his vow, they reach for the form that would make breaking it respectable.

It is also the point at which the four of them stop being separate people. They have been kept carefully distinct all evening — the pine, the cypress, the juniper, the bamboo, each with a name and a manner and a poem — and here they are simply four men arranging a match, with the parts handed out as if for a village wedding.