Canonical Classics ← 第六十四回
第六十四回
荊jīng棘jí嶺lǐng悟wù能néng努nǔ力lì
木mù仙xiān庵ān三sān藏zàng談tán詩shī

On Thorn Ridge Wuneng Exerts His Strength · At the Wood Immortals' Hermitage Tripitaka Discourses on Poetry

少吉多凶
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

少吉多凶 Few Blessings Many Ills

行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「此cǐ地dì少shǎo吉jí多duō凶xiōng,不bù宜yí久jiǔ坐zuò。」沙shā僧sēng道dào:「師shī兄xiōng差chā疑yí了le。似sì這zhè杳yǎo無wú人rén煙yān之zhī處chù,又yòu無wú個gè怪guài獸shòu妖yāo禽qín,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?」說shuō不bù了liǎo,忽hū見jiàn一yí陣zhèn陰yīn風fēng,廟miào門mén後hòu轉zhuǎn出chū一yí個gè老lǎo者zhě,頭tóu戴dài角jiǎo巾jīn,身shēn穿chuān淡dàn服fú,手shǒu持chí拐guǎi杖zhàng,足zú踏tà芒máng鞋xié。後hòu跟gēn著zhe一yí個gè青qīng臉liǎn獠liáo牙yá、紅hóng鬚xū赤chì身shēn鬼guǐ使shǐ,頭tóu頂dǐng著zhe一yì盤pán麵miàn餅bǐng。行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「此cǐ地dì少shǎo吉jí多duō凶xiōng,不bù宜yí久jiǔ坐zuò。」沙shā僧sēng道dào:「师shī兄xiōng差chā疑yí了le。似sì这zhè杳yǎo无wú人rén烟yān之zhī处chù,又yòu无wú个gè怪guài兽shòu妖yāo禽qín,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?」说shuō不bù了liǎo,忽hū见jiàn一yí阵zhèn阴yīn风fēng,庙miào门mén后hòu转zhuǎn出chū一yí个gè老lǎo者zhě,头tóu戴dài角jiǎo巾jīn,身shēn穿chuān淡dàn服fú,手shǒu持chí拐guǎi杖zhàng,足zú踏tà芒máng鞋xié。后hòu跟gēn着zhe一yí个gè青qīng脸liǎn獠liáo牙yá、红hóng须xū赤chì身shēn鬼guǐ使shǐ,头tóu顶dǐng着zhe一yì盘pán面miàn饼bǐng。


逐句解 Line by line

行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「此cǐ地dì少shǎo吉jí多duō凶xiōng,不bù宜yí久jiǔ坐zuò。」 行xíng者zhě看kàn了le道dào:「此cǐ地dì少shǎo吉jí多duō凶xiōng,不bù宜yí久jiǔ坐zuò。」

Pilgrim looked and said, "This place has few blessings and many ills. It will not do to sit here long."

The judgement comes in two four-character phrases balanced against each other, with 少吉 set against 多凶 inside the first — which is why the English keeps the pairing rather than smoothing it into one clause.

沙shā僧sēng道dào:「師shī兄xiōng差chā疑yí了le。似sì這zhè杳yǎo無wú人rén煙yān之zhī處chù,又yòu無wú個gè怪guài獸shòu妖yāo禽qín,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?」 沙shā僧sēng道dào:「师shī兄xiōng差chā疑yí了le。似sì这zhè杳yǎo无wú人rén烟yān之zhī处chù,又yòu无wú个gè怪guài兽shòu妖yāo禽qín,怕pà他tā怎zěn的de?」

Sha Monk said, "Elder brother is mistaken. In a place as empty of human smoke as this, with never a monstrous beast nor a demon bird in it, what is there to be afraid of?"

Two units joined: the opener 沙僧道:「師兄差疑了。 runs to eight characters and leaves its quotation open, which is inside the folding threshold of nine rather than on it. 差 is chā, a discrepancy or a being-wrong, not the chāi of sending someone on an errand; the automatic reading gives chà, which is neither of them.

說shuō不bù了liǎo,忽hū見jiàn一yí陣zhèn陰yīn風fēng,廟miào門mén後hòu轉zhuǎn出chū一yí個gè老lǎo者zhě,頭tóu戴dài角jiǎo巾jīn,身shēn穿chuān淡dàn服fú,手shǒu持chí拐guǎi杖zhàng,足zú踏tà芒máng鞋xié。 说shuō不bù了liǎo,忽hū见jiàn一yí阵zhèn阴yīn风fēng,庙miào门mén后hòu转zhuǎn出chū一yí个gè老lǎo者zhě,头tóu戴dài角jiǎo巾jīn,身shēn穿chuān淡dàn服fú,手shǒu持chí拐guǎi杖zhàng,足zú踏tà芒máng鞋xié。

Before he had finished speaking a gust of dark wind sprang up, and from behind the temple gate there came out an old man: a cornered kerchief on his head, plain robes on his body, a staff in his hand, straw sandals on his feet.

說不了 takes liǎo, the verb of finishing, not the light ending — the negative 不了 here means the speech was cut off mid-flow. The four four-character phrases describing the old man run head, body, hand, foot, in that order, and the English keeps the sequence: a cornered kerchief, plain robes, a staff, straw sandals. Every item is respectable.

後hòu跟gēn著zhe一yí個gè青qīng臉liǎn獠liáo牙yá、紅hóng鬚xū赤chì身shēn鬼guǐ使shǐ,頭tóu頂dǐng著zhe一yì盤pán麵miàn餅bǐng。 后hòu跟gēn着zhe一yí个gè青qīng脸liǎn獠liáo牙yá、红hóng须xū赤chì身shēn鬼guǐ使shǐ,头tóu顶dǐng着zhe一yì盘pán面miàn饼bǐng。

Behind him came a demon runner, blue of face and tusked, red-bearded and bare-bodied, balancing a tray of wheat cakes on his head.

Both instances of 著 here are the ongoing-action zhe; the automatic reading gives the zhù of authorship at all twelve sites in this chapter, so the value is asserted rather than inherited every time.


總評 Commentary

Pilgrim is right and cannot say why, which is his usual position. He has looked at the temple, found it unlucky, and produced a formula rather than an argument: few blessings, many ills. The poem just recited had in fact said the place was deserted, so the evidence is available; what he cannot supply is a reason.

Sha Monk's objection is the reasonable one, and it is built out of the poem's own evidence. The place has no smoke of human cooking in it — which is close to what the closing couplet said — and there is no beast or bird in sight, so what is there to fear? The reasoning is sound and the conclusion is wrong, because the danger here is not a beast or a bird but the vegetation, which neither of them has thought to count.

The old man arrives in the middle of the sentence that dismisses the danger. He is described entirely by his clothes, in four phrases running from head to foot, and everything about him is respectable: a scholar's kerchief, plain robes, a staff, straw sandals. The demon runner behind him with the cakes is the one wrong note, and the pilgrims are given a whole passage to not hear it.