問庚設套 The Snare of the Birth-Hour
這妖王復轉身到於裡面,對行者當面又拜。行者道:「孩兒,家無常禮,不須拜。但有甚話,只管說來。」妖王伏於地下道:「愚男一則請來奉獻唐僧之肉,二來有句話兒上請:我前日閑行,駕祥光,直至九霄空內,忽逢著祖庭道齡張先生。」行者道:「可是做天師的張道齡麼?」妖王道:「正是。」行者問曰:「有甚話說?」妖王道:「他見孩兒生得五官周正,三停平等,他問我是幾年那月那日那時出世。兒因年幼,記得不真。先生子平精熟,要與我推看五星。今請父王,正欲問此。倘或下次再得會他,好煩他推算。」行者聞言,坐在上面暗笑道:「好妖怪呀!老孫自歸佛果,保唐師父,一路上也捉了幾個妖精,不似這廝剋剝。他問我甚麼家長禮短、少米無柴的話說,我也好信口捏膿答他。他如今問我生年月日,我卻怎麼知道?」好猴王,也十分乖巧:巍巍端坐中間,也無一些兒懼色,面上反喜盈盈的笑道:「賢郎請起。我因年老,連日有事不遂心懷,把你生時果偶然忘了,且等到明日回家,問你母親便知。」这妖王复转身到于里面,对行者当面又拜。行者道:「孩儿,家无常礼,不须拜。但有甚话,只管说来。」妖王伏于地下道:「愚男一则请来奉献唐僧之肉,二来有句话儿上请:我前日闲行,驾祥光,直至九霄空内,忽逢着祖庭道龄张先生。」行者道:「可是做天师的张道龄么?」妖王道:「正是。」行者问曰:「有甚话说?」妖王道:「他见孩儿生得五官周正,三停平等,他问我是几年那月那日那时出世。儿因年幼,记得不真。先生子平精熟,要与我推看五星。今请父王,正欲问此。倘或下次再得会他,好烦他推算。」行者闻言,坐在上面暗笑道:「好妖怪呀!老孙自归佛果,保唐师父,一路上也捉了几个妖精,不似这厮克剥。他问我甚么家长礼短、少米无柴的话说,我也好信口捏脓答他。他如今问我生年月日,我却怎么知道?」好猴王,也十分乖巧:巍巍端坐中间,也无一些儿惧色,面上反喜盈盈的笑道:「贤郎请起。我因年老,连日有事不遂心怀,把你生时果偶然忘了,且等到明日回家,问你母亲便知。」
逐句解 Line by line
This demon king turned back inside once more and, facing Pilgrim, made his bow again.
The bow is repeated, and it is now a feint. 當 in 當面 is dāng, face to face.
Pilgrim said: "My child, at home there's no need of constant ceremony — you needn't bow.
The "father's" easy indulgence, keeping the part up. 兒 in 孩兒 is ér.
But whatever you have to say, say it out."
Say it out — and he is walking straight into it. 甚 in 但有甚話 is shén, "whatever you have to say."
The demon king prostrated himself on the ground and said: "Your foolish son, for one thing, invited you to receive the offering of the Tang Monk's flesh; and for another, has a word to lay before you. Some days ago I was strolling idly, riding an auspicious light, and had gone straight up into the ninth empyrean when of a sudden I met with Master Zhang Daoling of the Patriarchal Court."
The bait is elaborate. The demon claims he met a Daoist celebrity in the upper air: Zhang Daoling, first of the Celestial Masters, the founder of the organized Daoist church. (The 世德堂本 writes his name 張道齡, where the usual form has líng written with a different character; the reading is unchanged and the edition's spelling is kept.) 祖庭 is the Patriarchal Court, the school's mother house. 兒 in 話兒 is the light er ending; 行 in 閑行 is xíng, strolled; 著 in 忽逢著 is zháo, met with.
Pilgrim said: "Would that be Zhang Daoling who is the Celestial Master?"
Wukong recognizes the name and plays along.
The demon king said: "The very same."
The plain confirmation again — 正是 used as everyday speech, not as a verse-tag; this block carries no verse marking.
Pilgrim asked: "What did he have to say?"
甚 in 有甚話說 is shén, "what did he say."
The demon king said: "Seeing that your son was born with the five features regular and the three zones evenly set, he asked me in what year, which month, which day, and which hour I came into the world.
And the snare closes. 五官周正 (the five features regular) and 三停平等 (the three zones of the face evenly proportioned) are the standard vocabulary of face-reading — the flattery is a physiognomist's compliment. Then comes the real question: in what year, month, day and hour were you born? No father alive forgets that. 兒 in 孩兒 is ér; 得 in 生得 is the light de, born with; the three 那 of 那月, 那日 and 那時 are all the questioning nǎ.
Being young, your son could not recall it exactly.
He feigns not to know his own birth-data, which is what makes the question innocent. 兒 is ér, your son; 得 in 記得 is dé, to recall.
The Master is deeply versed in the Ziping art, and would reckon out my five stars for me.
The 子平 method of fate-calculation is named after Xu Ziping, who systematised it — so the 子 is zǐ, part of a personal name, not the light ending. The 五星 are the five planets. 看 in 推看五星 is kàn, to read them off.
Now, in inviting you, Father King, it is just this I wished to ask.
Laid out plainly: this is why I sent for you.
Should I chance to meet him again next time, I might trouble him to work out my fate."
And a reason for wanting it now. 得 in 再得會他 is dé, manage to meet him again.
Pilgrim, hearing this, sat above and laughed to himself: "What a demon this is!
Wukong sees the trap the instant it is laid, and admires it.
Ever since old Sun turned to the Buddha-fruit and guarded the Tang master, I've caught a fair few fiends along the way, but none so grasping and sly as this fellow.
剋剝 (kè bō) is "grasping, sharp-dealing" — a merchant's word, and high praise from a professional. 佛 in 佛果 is fó; 似 in 不似這廝 is sì, unlike this fellow.
He asks me all this household this-and-that — short of rice, out of firewood, and the like — and I can well enough answer him off the cuff with any patched-up nonsense;
Here is the distinction Wukong draws, and it is exactly right: household small talk can be improvised, because nobody can check it. 家長禮短 is domestic this-and-that; 少米無柴 is short of rice and out of firewood; 信口捏膿 is to blurt out patched-up nonsense. 甚 in 甚麼 is shén; 長 in 家長禮短 is cháng.
but now he asks me my year, month, and day of birth — how am I to know that?"
But a birth-hour is a fact, and facts cannot be bluffed.
The worthy Monkey King, cunning to a fault, sat majestic in the midst without the least trace of fear, and, his face on the contrary all beaming with smiles, said: "Worthy son, rise.
The composure is the performance. Not a flicker of fear, and a face positively beaming. 分 in 十分乖巧 is fēn, exceedingly; 中 and 間 in 端坐中間 are zhōng and jiān, in the midst; 兒 in 些兒 is the light er ending, "a bit."
I've grown old, and these last days, with matters not going as I'd wish, I clean forgot the hour of your birth; let us wait till tomorrow, when I go home, and ask your mother, and then I'll know."
And he escapes with the same tool as before: postponement. I am old, I have had a trying week, I have simply forgotten — ask your mother tomorrow.
The demon springs his counter-trap, and Wukong escapes by deferral. Now certain the father is false, Red Boy claims that a Daoist astrologer wanted to cast his horoscope and needed his birth year, month, day and hour, and asks his father to supply them. It is a beautifully chosen question, because it is a thing no real father could fail to know. And it mirrors the fast-trap exactly: where Wukong's improvised abstinence first roused suspicion, the demon's improvised horoscope now seeks to confirm it, each side baiting the other with invented lore.
Wukong sees it and marvels inwardly at the demon's sharpness — none so grasping and sly as this fellow — noting the precise reason he is in trouble: household chit-chat he could fake, but not a birth-hour. He meets the snare with perfect composure and the same instrument as before, postponement: he has grown old and forgetful, so let us ask the mother tomorrow. The whole exchange is a duel of counterfeits fought entirely in words, and for the moment Wukong holds. But the deferrals are nearly spent, and the break, when it comes, is sudden.