Canonical Classics ← 第四十二回
第四十二回
shèngyīnqínbàinánhǎi
guānyīnshànhónghái

The Great Sage, Diligent and Earnest, Bows at the South Sea · Guanyin, Compassionate and Kind, Binds Red Boy

問庚設套
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

問庚設套 The Snare of the Birth-Hour

zhèyāowángzhuǎnshēndàomiànduìxíngzhědāngmiànyòubàixíngzhědào:「háiérjiāchángbàidànyǒushénhuàzhǐguǎnshuōlái。」yāowángxiàdào:「nánqǐngláifèngxiàntángsēngzhīròuèrláiyǒuhuàershàngqǐngqiánxiánxíngjiàxiángguāngzhízhìjiǔxiāokōngnèiféngzháotíngdàolíngzhāngxiānshēng。」xíngzhědào:「shìzuòtiānshīdezhāngdàolíngme?」yāowángdào:「zhèngshì。」xíngzhěwènyuē:「yǒushénhuàshuō?」yāowángdào:「jiànháiérshēngdeguānzhōuzhèngsāntíngpíngděngwènshìniányuèshíchūshìéryīnniányòuzhēnxiānshēngpíngjīngshúyàotuīkànxīngjīnqǐngwángzhèngwèntǎnghuòxiàzàihuìhǎofántuīsuàn。」xíngzhěwényánzuòzàishàngmiànànxiàodào:「hǎoyāoguàiyalǎosūnguīguǒbǎotángshīshàngzhuōleyāojīngzhèwènshénmejiāchángduǎnshǎocháidehuàshuōhǎoxìnkǒuniēnóngjīnwènshēngniányuèquèzěnmezhīdào?」hǎohóuwángshífēnguāiqiǎowēiwēiduānzuòzhōngjiānxiēermiànshàngfǎnyíngyíngdexiàodào:「xiánlángqǐngyīnniánlǎoliányǒushìsuíxīnhuáishēngshíguǒǒuránwàngleqiěděngdàomínghuíjiāwènqīn便biànzhī。」zhèyāowángzhuǎnshēndàomiànduìxíngzhědāngmiànyòubàixíngzhědào:「háiérjiāchángbàidànyǒushénhuàzhǐguǎnshuōlái。」yāowángxiàdào:「nánqǐngláifèngxiàntángsēngzhīròuèrláiyǒuhuàershàngqǐngqiánxiánxíngjiàxiángguāngzhízhìjiǔxiāokōngnèiféngzháotíngdàolíngzhāngxiānshēng。」xíngzhědào:「shìzuòtiānshīdezhāngdàolíngme?」yāowángdào:「zhèngshì。」xíngzhěwènyuē:「yǒushénhuàshuō?」yāowángdào:「jiànháiérshēngdeguānzhōuzhèngsāntíngpíngděngwènshìniányuèshíchūshìéryīnniányòuzhēnxiānshēngpíngjīngshúyàotuīkànxīngjīnqǐngwángzhèngwèntǎnghuòxiàzàihuìhǎofántuīsuàn。」xíngzhěwényánzuòzàishàngmiànànxiàodào:「hǎoyāoguàiyalǎosūnguīguǒbǎotángshīshàngzhuōleyāojīngzhèwènshénmejiāchángduǎnshǎocháidehuàshuōhǎoxìnkǒuniēnóngjīnwènshēngniányuèquèzěnmezhīdào?」hǎohóuwángshífēnguāiqiǎowēiwēiduānzuòzhōngjiānxiēermiànshàngfǎnyíngyíngdexiàodào:「xiánlángqǐngyīnniánlǎoliányǒushìsuíxīn怀huáishēngshíguǒǒuránwàngleqiěděngdàomínghuíjiāwènqīn便biànzhī。」


逐句解 Line by line

zhèyāowángzhuǎnshēndàomiànduìxíngzhědāngmiànyòubài zhèyāowángzhuǎnshēndàomiànduìxíngzhědāngmiànyòubài

This demon king turned back inside once more and, facing Pilgrim, made his bow again.

The bow is repeated, and it is now a feint. in 當面 is dāng, face to face.

xíngzhědào:「háiérjiāchángbài xíngzhědào:「háiérjiāchángbài

Pilgrim said: "My child, at home there's no need of constant ceremony — you needn't bow.

The "father's" easy indulgence, keeping the part up. in 孩兒 is ér.

dànyǒushénhuàzhǐguǎnshuōlái。」 dànyǒushénhuàzhǐguǎnshuōlái。」

But whatever you have to say, say it out."

Say it out — and he is walking straight into it. in 但有甚話 is shén, "whatever you have to say."

yāowángxiàdào:「nánqǐngláifèngxiàntángsēngzhīròuèrláiyǒuhuàershàngqǐngqiánxiánxíngjiàxiángguāngzhízhìjiǔxiāokōngnèiféngzháotíngdàolíngzhāngxiānshēng。」 yāowángxiàdào:「nánqǐngláifèngxiàntángsēngzhīròuèrláiyǒuhuàershàngqǐngqiánxiánxíngjiàxiángguāngzhízhìjiǔxiāokōngnèiféngzháotíngdàolíngzhāngxiānshēng。」

The demon king prostrated himself on the ground and said: "Your foolish son, for one thing, invited you to receive the offering of the Tang Monk's flesh; and for another, has a word to lay before you. Some days ago I was strolling idly, riding an auspicious light, and had gone straight up into the ninth empyrean when of a sudden I met with Master Zhang Daoling of the Patriarchal Court."

The bait is elaborate. The demon claims he met a Daoist celebrity in the upper air: Zhang Daoling, first of the Celestial Masters, the founder of the organized Daoist church. (The 世德堂本 writes his name 張道齡, where the usual form has líng written with a different character; the reading is unchanged and the edition's spelling is kept.) 祖庭 is the Patriarchal Court, the school's mother house. in 話兒 is the light er ending; in 閑行 is xíng, strolled; in 忽逢著 is zháo, met with.

xíngzhědào:「shìzuòtiānshīdezhāngdàolíngme?」 xíngzhědào:「shìzuòtiānshīdezhāngdàolíngme?」

Pilgrim said: "Would that be Zhang Daoling who is the Celestial Master?"

Wukong recognizes the name and plays along.

yāowángdào:「zhèngshì。」 yāowángdào:「zhèngshì。」

The demon king said: "The very same."

The plain confirmation again — 正是 used as everyday speech, not as a verse-tag; this block carries no verse marking.

xíngzhěwènyuē:「yǒushénhuàshuō?」 xíngzhěwènyuē:「yǒushénhuàshuō?」

Pilgrim asked: "What did he have to say?"

in 有甚話說 is shén, "what did he say."

yāowángdào:「jiànháiérshēngdeguānzhōuzhèngsāntíngpíngděngwènshìniányuèshíchūshì yāowángdào:「jiànháiérshēngdeguānzhōuzhèngsāntíngpíngděngwènshìniányuèshíchūshì

The demon king said: "Seeing that your son was born with the five features regular and the three zones evenly set, he asked me in what year, which month, which day, and which hour I came into the world.

And the snare closes. 五官周正 (the five features regular) and 三停平等 (the three zones of the face evenly proportioned) are the standard vocabulary of face-reading — the flattery is a physiognomist's compliment. Then comes the real question: in what year, month, day and hour were you born? No father alive forgets that. in 孩兒 is ér; in 生得 is the light de, born with; the three of 那月, 那日 and 那時 are all the questioning .

éryīnniányòuzhēn éryīnniányòuzhēn

Being young, your son could not recall it exactly.

He feigns not to know his own birth-data, which is what makes the question innocent. is ér, your son; in 記得 is , to recall.

xiānshēngpíngjīngshúyàotuīkànxīng xiānshēngpíngjīngshúyàotuīkànxīng

The Master is deeply versed in the Ziping art, and would reckon out my five stars for me.

The 子平 method of fate-calculation is named after Xu Ziping, who systematised it — so the is , part of a personal name, not the light ending. The 五星 are the five planets. in 推看五星 is kàn, to read them off.

jīnqǐngwángzhèngwèn jīnqǐngwángzhèngwèn

Now, in inviting you, Father King, it is just this I wished to ask.

Laid out plainly: this is why I sent for you.

tǎnghuòxiàzàihuìhǎofántuīsuàn。」 tǎnghuòxiàzàihuìhǎofántuīsuàn。」

Should I chance to meet him again next time, I might trouble him to work out my fate."

And a reason for wanting it now. in 再得會他 is , manage to meet him again.

xíngzhěwényánzuòzàishàngmiànànxiàodào:「hǎoyāoguàiya xíngzhěwényánzuòzàishàngmiànànxiàodào:「hǎoyāoguàiya

Pilgrim, hearing this, sat above and laughed to himself: "What a demon this is!

Wukong sees the trap the instant it is laid, and admires it.

lǎosūnguīguǒbǎotángshīshàngzhuōleyāojīngzhè lǎosūnguīguǒbǎotángshīshàngzhuōleyāojīngzhè

Ever since old Sun turned to the Buddha-fruit and guarded the Tang master, I've caught a fair few fiends along the way, but none so grasping and sly as this fellow.

剋剝 (kè bō) is "grasping, sharp-dealing" — a merchant's word, and high praise from a professional. in 佛果 is ; in 不似這廝 is , unlike this fellow.

wènshénmejiāchángduǎnshǎocháidehuàshuōhǎoxìnkǒuniēnóng wènshénmejiāchángduǎnshǎocháidehuàshuōhǎoxìnkǒuniēnóng

He asks me all this household this-and-that — short of rice, out of firewood, and the like — and I can well enough answer him off the cuff with any patched-up nonsense;

Here is the distinction Wukong draws, and it is exactly right: household small talk can be improvised, because nobody can check it. 家長禮短 is domestic this-and-that; 少米無柴 is short of rice and out of firewood; 信口捏膿 is to blurt out patched-up nonsense. in 甚麼 is shén; in 家長禮短 is cháng.

jīnwènshēngniányuèquèzěnmezhīdào?」 jīnwènshēngniányuèquèzěnmezhīdào?」

but now he asks me my year, month, and day of birth — how am I to know that?"

But a birth-hour is a fact, and facts cannot be bluffed.

hǎohóuwángshífēnguāiqiǎowēiwēiduānzuòzhōngjiānxiēermiànshàngfǎnyíngyíngdexiàodào:「xiánlángqǐng hǎohóuwángshífēnguāiqiǎowēiwēiduānzuòzhōngjiānxiēermiànshàngfǎnyíngyíngdexiàodào:「xiánlángqǐng

The worthy Monkey King, cunning to a fault, sat majestic in the midst without the least trace of fear, and, his face on the contrary all beaming with smiles, said: "Worthy son, rise.

The composure is the performance. Not a flicker of fear, and a face positively beaming. in 十分乖巧 is fēn, exceedingly; and in 端坐中間 are zhōng and jiān, in the midst; in 些兒 is the light er ending, "a bit."

yīnniánlǎoliányǒushìsuíxīnhuáishēngshíguǒǒuránwàngleqiěděngdàomínghuíjiāwènqīn便biànzhī。」 yīnniánlǎoliányǒushìsuíxīn怀huáishēngshíguǒǒuránwàngleqiěděngdàomínghuíjiāwènqīn便biànzhī。」

I've grown old, and these last days, with matters not going as I'd wish, I clean forgot the hour of your birth; let us wait till tomorrow, when I go home, and ask your mother, and then I'll know."

And he escapes with the same tool as before: postponement. I am old, I have had a trying week, I have simply forgotten — ask your mother tomorrow.


總評 Commentary

The demon springs his counter-trap, and Wukong escapes by deferral. Now certain the father is false, Red Boy claims that a Daoist astrologer wanted to cast his horoscope and needed his birth year, month, day and hour, and asks his father to supply them. It is a beautifully chosen question, because it is a thing no real father could fail to know. And it mirrors the fast-trap exactly: where Wukong's improvised abstinence first roused suspicion, the demon's improvised horoscope now seeks to confirm it, each side baiting the other with invented lore.

Wukong sees it and marvels inwardly at the demon's sharpness — none so grasping and sly as this fellow — noting the precise reason he is in trouble: household chit-chat he could fake, but not a birth-hour. He meets the snare with perfect composure and the same instrument as before, postponement: he has grown old and forgetful, so let us ask the mother tomorrow. The whole exchange is a duel of counterfeits fought entirely in words, and for the moment Wukong holds. But the deferrals are nearly spent, and the break, when it comes, is sudden.