Canonical Classics ← 第三十二回
第三十二回
píngdǐngshāngōngcáochuánxìn
liánhuādòngféngzāi

On Level-Top Mountain the Merit-Officer Brings Word · In the Lotus-Flower Cave the Wood-Mother Meets Disaster

心無罣礙
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

心無罣礙 No Obstruction in the Mind

shīmenzhèngxíngshǎngjiānyòujiànshāndǎngtángsēngdào:「menqiánshāngāokǒngyǒulángdǎng。」xíngzhědào:「shīchūjiārénshuōzàijiāhuàdecháoshàngdexīnjīngyúnxīnguààiguààifāngkǒngyuǎndiāndǎomèngxiǎngzhīyándànzhǐshì:『sǎochúxīnshànggòujìngěrbiānchénshòuzhōngnànwéirénshàngrén。』shēngyōudànyǒulǎosūnjiùshìxiàtiānláibǎoshìshénmeláng?」shīmenzhèngxíngshǎngjiānyòujiànshāndǎngtángsēngdào:「menqiánshāngāokǒngyǒulángdǎng。」xíngzhědào:「shīchūjiārénshuōzàijiāhuàdecháoshàngdexīnjīngyúnxīnguààiguààifāngkǒngyuǎndiāndǎomèngxiǎngzhīyándànzhǐshì:『sǎochúxīnshànggòujìngěrbiānchénshòuzhōngnànwéirénshàngrén。』shēngyōudànyǒulǎosūnjiùshìxiàtiānláibǎoshìshénmeláng?」


逐句解 Line by line

shīmenzhèngxíngshǎngjiānyòujiànshāndǎng shīmenzhèngxíngshǎngjiānyòujiànshāndǎng

As master and disciples went along savoring the view, once again a mountain rose to block their way.

Spring is over; the plot resumes. 賞間, shǎng jiān, "while they were taking in the view"; 擋路, "to block the road." A mountain across the way is this novel's standard signal that trouble is about to start.

tángsēngdào:「menqiánshāngāokǒngyǒulángdǎng。」 tángsēngdào:「menqiánshāngāokǒngyǒulángdǎng。」

Said the Tang Monk: "Take care, disciples. A high mountain lies ahead, and I fear tigers and wolves may bar our passage."

The Tang Monk's reflex, as always, is fear. 仔細, zǐ xì, "watch out, be careful" — worth flagging that is here, not the zǎi a modern reader (or a modern piece of software) would guess first.

xíngzhědào:「shīchūjiārénshuōzàijiāhuà xíngzhědào:「shīchūjiārénshuōzàijiāhuà

Said Pilgrim: "Master, one who has left the household life should not talk as householders do.

出家人, chū jiā rén, is literally "one who has left the household" — a monk. 在家話 is its opposite number, "householder talk," the sort of thing ordinary worried people say. Pilgrim is telling his master to stop talking like a layman.

decháoshàngdexīnjīngyúnxīnguààiguààifāngkǒngyuǎndiāndǎomèngxiǎngzhīyán decháoshàngdexīnjīngyúnxīnguààiguààifāngkǒngyuǎndiāndǎomèngxiǎngzhīyán

Do you recall the words of that Crow's-Nest monk's Heart Sūtra? — 'In the mind there is no obstruction; being without obstruction, one is then without dread, and leaves far behind all inverted, dreamlike thinking.'

And then the monkey quotes scripture at the monk. 烏巢, Wū cháo, is the Crow's-Nest Zen Master, who handed the Heart Sūtra (《心經》) to the pilgrims earlier in the journey, in chapter 19. 罣礙, guà ài, is "obstruction, snag"; 顛倒 is "upside-down, inverted," with read dǎo. In 記得 the is the light de; is . The line he picks is the Sūtra's own promise that a mind with nothing snagging it has nothing to dread — aimed squarely at a master who is dreading everything.

dànzhǐshì:『sǎochúxīnshànggòujìngěrbiānchénshòuzhōngnànwéirénshàngrén。』 dànzhǐshì:『sǎochúxīnshànggòujìngěrbiānchénshòuzhōngnànwéirénshàngrén。』

It is only this: 'Sweep away the grime upon the mind; wash clean the dust beside the ear. He who will not bear the bitterest of bitters can never be a man above other men.'

Having quoted the Sūtra, he tops it off with a proverb. 苦中苦, kǔ zhōng kǔ, "the bitterest of the bitter"; 難為, "hard to become," where is wéi and is zhōng. Chinese still says this one, in the slightly smoother form 吃得苦中苦方為人上人 — no pain, no promotion. Pilgrim has just welded a Buddhist sūtra to a piece of pure worldly grit and handed the result to his teacher.

shēngyōudànyǒulǎosūnjiùshìxiàtiānláibǎoshìshénmeláng?」 shēngyōudànyǒulǎosūnjiùshìxiàtiānláibǎoshìshénmeláng?」

Breed no anxieties. So long as Old Sun is here, even were the sky to come crashing down I can keep you from harm — what are a few tigers and wolves to fear?"

塌下天來, tā xià tiān lái, "even if the sky caves in"; 怕甚麼, pà shén me, "what is there to be afraid of?" — with read shén. Scripture, proverb, and now swagger, all inside one speech.


總評 Commentary

A mountain blocks the road, the Tang Monk starts worrying about tigers and wolves, and his monkey disciple answers him by quoting the Heart Sūtra. That is the joke, and it is a durable one: the thief, brawler and ex-convict of the party turns out to be the best Buddhist in it. The line he chooses is 心無罣礙, "nothing snagging the mind," and the Sūtra's claim that an unsnagged mind has nothing to be frightened of and no 顛倒夢想, no upside-down dreaming. It is aimed straight at a master whose mind is snagged on tigers.

He then splices scripture to street wisdom — 不受苦中苦難為人上人, no bitterness, no rising in the world — and finishes on pure bluster: with Old Sun here, the sky could fall in. Note that the reader's edition keeps both the sūtra line and the proverb as prose inside his speech, because the text does not set them off as a poem; they are quotations in dialogue, not verse.