第十六回 · 逐一查點 The Roll Called — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

逐一查點 The Roll Called

慌huāng得de個gè眾zhòng僧sēng哭kū道dào：「師shī公gōng已yǐ撞zhuàng殺shā了le，又yòu不bú見jiàn袈jiā裟shā，怎zěn生shēng是shì好hǎo？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「想xiǎng是shì汝rǔ等děng盜dào藏cáng起qǐ也yě。都dōu出chū來lái，開kāi具jù花huā名míng手shǒu本běn，等děng老lǎo孫sūn逐zhú一yì查chá點diǎn。」那nà上shàng下xià房fáng的de院yuàn主zhǔ，將jiāng本běn寺sì和hé尚shàng、頭tóu陀tuó、幸xìng童tóng、道dào人rén盡jìn行xíng開kāi具jù手shǒu本běn二èr張zhāng，大dà小xiǎo人rén等děng共gòng計jì二èr百bǎi三sān十shí名míng。行xíng者zhě請qǐng師shī父fù高gāo坐zuò，他tā卻què一yì一yì從cóng頭tóu唱chàng名míng搜sōu檢jiǎn，都dōu要yào解jiě放fàng衣yī襟jīn，分fēn明míng點diǎn過guò，更gèng無wú袈jiā裟shā。又yòu將jiāng那nà各gè房fáng頭tóu搬bān搶qiǎng出chū去qù的de箱xiāng籠lóng物wù件jiàn，從cóng頭tóu細xì細xì尋xún遍biàn，那nǎ裡lǐ得dé有yǒu蹤zōng跡jì。三sān藏zàng心xīn中zhōng煩fán惱nǎo，懊ào恨hèn行xíng者zhě不bù盡jìn，卻què坐zuò在zài上shàng面miàn念niàn動dòng那nà咒zhòu。行xíng者zhě撲pū的de跌diē倒dǎo在zài地dì，抱bào著zhe頭tóu，十shí分fēn難nán禁jìn，只zhǐ教jiào：「莫mò念niàn，莫mò念niàn，管guǎn尋xún還huán了le袈jiā裟shā。」慌huāng得de个gè众zhòng僧sēng哭kū道dào：「师shī公gōng已yǐ撞zhuàng杀shā了le，又yòu不bú见jiàn袈jiā裟shā，怎zěn生shēng是shì好hǎo？」行xíng者zhě道dào：「想xiǎng是shì汝rǔ等děng盗dào藏cáng起qǐ也yě。都dōu出chū来lái，开kāi具jù花huā名míng手shǒu本běn，等děng老lǎo孙sūn逐zhú一yì查chá点diǎn。」那nà上shàng下xià房fáng的de院yuàn主zhǔ，将jiāng本běn寺sì和hé尚shàng、头tóu陀tuó、幸xìng童tóng、道dào人rén尽jìn行xíng开kāi具jù手shǒu本běn二èr张zhāng，大dà小xiǎo人rén等děng共gòng计jì二èr百bǎi三sān十shí名míng。行xíng者zhě请qǐng师shī父fù高gāo坐zuò，他tā却què一yì一yì从cóng头tóu唱chàng名míng搜sōu检jiǎn，都dōu要yào解jiě放fàng衣yī襟jīn，分fēn明míng点diǎn过guò，更gèng无wú袈jiā裟shā。又yòu将jiāng那nà各gè房fáng头tóu搬bān抢qiǎng出chū去qù的de箱xiāng笼lóng物wù件jiàn，从cóng头tóu细xì细xì寻xún遍biàn，那nǎ里lǐ得dé有yǒu踪zōng迹jì。三sān藏zàng心xīn中zhōng烦fán恼nǎo，懊ào恨hèn行xíng者zhě不bù尽jìn，却què坐zuò在zài上shàng面miàn念niàn动dòng那nà咒zhòu。行xíng者zhě扑pū的de跌diē倒dǎo在zài地dì，抱bào着zhe头tóu，十shí分fēn难nán禁jìn，只zhǐ教jiào：「莫mò念niàn，莫mò念niàn，管guǎn寻xún还huán了le袈jiā裟shā。」

逐句解 Line by line

慌huāng得de個gè眾zhòng僧sēng哭kū道dào：「師shī公gōng已yǐ撞zhuàng殺shā了le，又yòu不bú見jiàn袈jiā裟shā，怎zěn生shēng是shì好hǎo？」慌huāng得de个gè众zhòng僧sēng哭kū道dào：「师shī公gōng已yǐ撞zhuàng杀shā了le，又yòu不bú见jiàn袈jiā裟shā，怎zěn生shēng是shì好hǎo？」

The monks were thrown into a panic and wept. "Our Grand Master has dashed himself dead, and still there is no cassock. What is to be done?"

慌得 takes a neutral de. Listen to the order of their grief: the master is dead — and the cassock is still missing. The conjunction is 又, "and moreover."

行xíng者zhě道dào：「想xiǎng是shì汝rǔ等děng盜dào藏cáng起qǐ也yě。都dōu出chū來lái，開kāi具jù花huā名míng手shǒu本běn，等děng老lǎo孫sūn逐zhú一yì查chá點diǎn。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「想xiǎng是shì汝rǔ等děng盗dào藏cáng起qǐ也yě。都dōu出chū来lái，开kāi具jù花huā名míng手shǒu本běn，等děng老lǎo孙sūn逐zhú一yì查chá点diǎn。」

The Pilgrim said, "I suppose you have stolen it and hidden it away. Come out, all of you. Draw up a register of names and hand it in, and let old Sun check you off one by one."

盜藏起 — here 藏 is cáng, "to hide," and not the zàng of the Tang monk's own name. 花名手本: a huā míng register was the standard document of Ming officialdom, a nominal roll drawn up and submitted to a superior. The Great Sage Equal to Heaven is conducting a bureaucratic audit.

那nà上shàng下xià房fáng的de院yuàn主zhǔ，將jiāng本běn寺sì和hé尚shàng、頭tóu陀tuó、幸xìng童tóng、道dào人rén 那nà上shàng下xià房fáng的de院yuàn主zhǔ，将jiāng本běn寺sì和hé尚shàng、头tóu陀tuó、幸xìng童tóng、道dào人rén

The priors of the upper and lower quarters drew up two sheets, entering the monastery's monks, its ascetics, its pages and its lay servants;

頭陀 the ascetics, 幸童 the favoured pages, 道人 the lay servants — the whole establishment enumerated by rank, in exactly the order it was seated at dinner.

盡jìn行xíng開kāi具jù手shǒu本běn二èr張zhāng，大dà小xiǎo人rén等děng共gòng計jì二èr百bǎi三sān十shí名míng。尽jìn行xíng开kāi具jù手shǒu本běn二èr张zhāng，大dà小xiǎo人rén等děng共gòng计jì二èr百bǎi三sān十shí名míng。

great and small, the persons came to two hundred and thirty in all.

The census from the fire-plot passage returns as an official total: 二百三十名. Two hundred and thirty. The number has now been given three times, and it has meant something different each time — a community, then a conspiracy, and now a payroll.

行xíng者zhě請qǐng師shī父fù高gāo坐zuò，他tā卻què一yì一yì從cóng頭tóu唱chàng名míng搜sōu檢jiǎn，行xíng者zhě请qǐng师shī父fù高gāo坐zuò，他tā却què一yì一yì从cóng头tóu唱chàng名míng搜sōu检jiǎn，

The Pilgrim seated his master in the high place, and himself called each name in turn from the head of the roll and searched them,

唱名搜檢 is to call the roll and search. Sanzang is placed 高坐, in the seat of the presiding magistrate, and he does not object to it.

都dōu要yào解jiě放fàng衣yī襟jīn，分fēn明míng點diǎn過guò，更gèng無wú袈jiā裟shā。都dōu要yào解jiě放fàng衣yī襟jīn，分fēn明míng点diǎn过guò，更gèng无wú袈jiā裟shā。

every man to loosen his robe and open it, and all were checked in plain sight — and there was no cassock.

解放衣襟 is to loosen and open the front of the robe. The monks are stripped and searched in their own courtyard, one at a time, by the creature who burned it down.

又yòu將jiāng那nà各gè房fáng頭tóu搬bān搶qiǎng出chū去qù的de箱xiāng籠lóng物wù件jiàn，從cóng頭tóu細xì細xì尋xún遍biàn，那nǎ裡lǐ得dé有yǒu蹤zōng跡jì。又yòu将jiāng那nà各gè房fáng头tóu搬bān抢qiǎng出chū去qù的de箱xiāng笼lóng物wù件jiàn，从cóng头tóu细xì细xì寻xún遍biàn，那nǎ里lǐ得dé有yǒu踪zōng迹jì。

Then he took the chests and boxes and goods that each quarter had snatched out of the fire, and went through them from the beginning, minutely, and everywhere — and where was there any trace of it?

那裡得有蹤跡: the first 那 is nà, the second nǎ — "where would there be any trace?" The rhetorical question belongs to the narrator, and it tells us the search is futile before the monks have any idea of it.

三sān藏zàng心xīn中zhōng煩fán惱nǎo，懊ào恨hèn行xíng者zhě不bù盡jìn，卻què坐zuò在zài上shàng面miàn念niàn動dòng那nà咒zhòu。三sān藏zàng心xīn中zhōng烦fán恼nǎo，懊ào恨hèn行xíng者zhě不bù尽jìn，却què坐zuò在zài上shàng面miàn念niàn动dòng那nà咒zhòu。

Sanzang's heart was full of vexation, and his resentment of the Pilgrim knew no end; and sitting up in the high place, he began to recite that spell.

懊恨 is rankling resentment. 那咒 is the Tight-Fillet Spell. Note the sequence: no cassock, therefore the spell. Sanzang has watched a man kill himself and two hundred and thirty men be stripped in the ashes, and what finally moves him to act is a missing coat.

行xíng者zhě撲pū的de跌diē倒dǎo在zài地dì，抱bào著zhe頭tóu，十shí分fēn難nán禁jìn，只zhǐ教jiào：「莫mò念niàn，莫mò念niàn，管guǎn尋xún還huán了le袈jiā裟shā。」行xíng者zhě扑pū的de跌diē倒dǎo在zài地dì，抱bào着zhe头tóu，十shí分fēn难nán禁jìn，只zhǐ教jiào：「莫mò念niàn，莫mò念niàn，管guǎn寻xún还huán了le袈jiā裟shā。」

The Pilgrim fell flat upon the ground, clutching his head, unable to bear it, crying only, "Do not recite, do not recite! I will see the cassock found and returned!"

抱著頭 takes zhe. 十分難禁 is unbearable past enduring. 管尋還了袈裟 — 還 is huán. The promise is extracted under torture, and he will keep it.

總評 Commentary

The scene is a magistrate's inquiry, staged in a burnt courtyard. A nominal roll is drawn up — 花名手本, the standard document of a Ming yamen — the master is installed 高坐 in the presiding chair, and two hundred and thirty men are called by name, made to open their robes, and searched in the ashes of their house on the morning their abbot killed himself. Then the boxes they dragged out of the fire are emptied and gone through, item by item. There is no cassock, because a bear took it at midnight, and it has not occurred to anybody to look outside the walls.

What the passage is really about is the fillet. Sanzang, finding nothing, recites the spell — and the novel gives him no other motive anywhere in the scene. He has just walked through 敗壁破牆 sighing without ceasing; he has seen a corpse propped against a wall; and it is the absence of the robe, and nothing else, that makes him reach for the one instrument of pain he owns. Wukong drops, clutches his skull, and promises. Set it beside chapter fourteen, where Guanyin gave Sanzang the spell precisely because his disciple could not otherwise be governed. The instrument works. It is not, on this morning's evidence, in the hands of a better creature than the one it governs.