Canonical Classics ← 第十回
第十回
老lǎo龍lóng王wáng拙zhuō計jì犯fàn天tiān條tiáo
魏wèi丞chéng相xiàng遺yí書shū託tuō冥míng吏lì

The Old Dragon King's Foolish Scheme Transgresses the Statutes of Heaven · Minister Wei's Bequeathed Letter Is Entrusted to an Officer of the Dead

魏徵入朝
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

魏徵入朝 Wei Zheng Is Summoned to the Board

卻què說shuō魏wèi徵zhēng丞chéng相xiàng在zài府fǔ,夜yè觀guān乾qián象xiàng,正zhèng爇ruò寶bǎo香xiāng,只zhǐ聞wén得dé九jiǔ霄xiāo鶴hè唳lì,卻què是shì天tiān差chāi仙xiān使shǐ,捧pěng玉yù帝dì金jīn旨zhǐ一yí道dào,著zhuó他tā午wǔ時shí三sān刻kè,夢mèng斬zhǎn涇jīng河hé老lǎo龍lóng。這zhè丞chéng相xiàng謝xiè了le天tiān恩ēn,齋zhāi戒jiè沐mù浴yù,在zài府fǔ中zhōng試shì慧huì劍jiàn,運yùn元yuán神shén,故gù此cǐ不bù曾céng入rù朝cháo。一yí見jiàn當dāng駕jià官guān齎jī賫jī來lái宣xuān,惶huáng懼jù無wú任rèn;又yòu不bù敢gǎn違wéi遲chí君jūn命mìng,只zhǐ得dé急jí急jí整zhěng衣yī束shù帶dài,同tóng旨zhǐ入rù朝cháo,在zài御yù前qián叩kòu頭tóu請qǐng罪zuì。唐táng王wáng道dào:「赦shè卿qīng無wú罪zuì。」那nà時shí諸zhū臣chén尚shàng未wèi退tuì朝cháo,至zhì此cǐ,卻què命mìng捲juǎn簾lián散sàn朝cháo。獨dú留liú魏wèi徵zhēng,宣xuān上shàng金jīn鑾luán,召zhào入rù便biàn殿diàn,先xiān議yì論lùn安ān邦bāng之zhī策cè,定dìng國guó之zhī謀móu。將jiāng近jìn巳sì末mò午wǔ初chū時shí候hòu,卻què命mìng宮gōng人rén:「取qǔ過guò大dà棋qí來lái,朕zhèn與yǔ賢xián卿qīng對duì弈yì一yì局jú。」眾zhòng嬪pín妃fēi隨suí取qǔ棋qí枰píng,鋪pù設shè御yù案àn。魏wèi徵zhēng謝xiè了le恩ēn,即jí與yǔ唐táng王wáng對duì弈yì,一yí遞dì一yí著zhāo,擺bǎi開kāi陣zhèn勢shì。正zhèng合hé《爛làn柯kē經jīng》云yún:却què说shuō魏wèi征zhēng丞chéng相xiàng在zài府fǔ,夜yè观guān干qián象xiàng,正zhèng𦶟ruò宝bǎo香xiāng,只zhǐ闻wén得dé九jiǔ霄xiāo鹤hè唳lì,却què是shì天tiān差chāi仙xiān使shǐ,捧pěng玉yù帝dì金jīn旨zhǐ一yí道dào,着zhuó他tā午wǔ时shí三sān刻kè,梦mèng斩zhǎn泾jīng河hé老lǎo龙lóng。这zhè丞chéng相xiàng谢xiè了le天tiān恩ēn,斋zhāi戒jiè沐mù浴yù,在zài府fǔ中zhōng试shì慧huì剑jiàn,运yùn元yuán神shén,故gù此cǐ不bù曾céng入rù朝cháo。一yí见jiàn当dāng驾jià官guān赍jī赍jī来lái宣xuān,惶huáng惧jù无wú任rèn;又yòu不bù敢gǎn违wéi迟chí君jūn命mìng,只zhǐ得dé急jí急jí整zhěng衣yī束shù带dài,同tóng旨zhǐ入rù朝cháo,在zài御yù前qián叩kòu头tóu请qǐng罪zuì。唐táng王wáng道dào:「赦shè卿qīng无wú罪zuì。」那nà时shí诸zhū臣chén尚shàng未wèi退tuì朝cháo,至zhì此cǐ,却què命mìng卷juǎn帘lián散sàn朝cháo。独dú留liú魏wèi征zhēng,宣xuān上shàng金jīn銮luán,召zhào入rù便biàn殿diàn,先xiān议yì论lùn安ān邦bāng之zhī策cè,定dìng国guó之zhī谋móu。将jiāng近jìn巳sì末mò午wǔ初chū时shí候hòu,却què命mìng宫gōng人rén:「取qǔ过guò大dà棋qí来lái,朕zhèn与yǔ贤xián卿qīng对duì弈yì一yì局jú。」众zhòng嫔pín妃fēi随suí取qǔ棋qí枰píng,铺pù设shè御yù案àn。魏wèi征zhēng谢xiè了le恩ēn,即jí与yǔ唐táng王wáng对duì弈yì,一yí递dì一yí着zhāo,摆bǎi开kāi阵zhèn势shì。正zhèng合hé《烂làn柯kē经jīng》云yún:


逐句解 Line by line

卻què說shuō魏wèi徵zhēng丞chéng相xiàng在zài府fǔ,夜yè觀guān乾qián象xiàng,正zhèng爇ruò寶bǎo香xiāng,只zhǐ聞wén得dé九jiǔ霄xiāo鶴hè唳lì,卻què是shì天tiān差chāi仙xiān使shǐ,捧pěng玉yù帝dì金jīn旨zhǐ一yí道dào,著zhuó他tā午wǔ時shí三sān刻kè,夢mèng斬zhǎn涇jīng河hé老lǎo龍lóng。 却què说shuō魏wèi征zhēng丞chéng相xiàng在zài府fǔ,夜yè观guān干qián象xiàng,正zhèng𦶟ruò宝bǎo香xiāng,只zhǐ闻wén得dé九jiǔ霄xiāo鹤hè唳lì,却què是shì天tiān差chāi仙xiān使shǐ,捧pěng玉yù帝dì金jīn旨zhǐ一yí道dào,着zhuó他tā午wǔ时shí三sān刻kè,梦mèng斩zhǎn泾jīng河hé老lǎo龙lóng。

Now the chancellor Wei Zheng was at his residence, observing the celestial signs by night and just then burning a precious incense, when he heard from the ninth heaven the cry of a crane: it was a fairy envoy sent down by Heaven, bearing a golden mandate of the Jade Emperor, ordering him at the third quarter of the hour of wu to behead the old dragon of the Jing in a dream.

The other half of the story arrives by crane. While the emperor lays plans to keep him indoors, 魏徵 is at home reading the night sky and taking delivery of his own orders — from the same Jade Emperor, for the same hour. 夢斬, 'to behead in a dream,' is the uncanny mechanism the chapter turns on, and it is the reason the emperor's plan never had a chance. 相 in 丞相 is xiàng; 乾 in 乾象, the signs of Qian and so the celestial phenomena, is qián, the heaven-trigram reading rather than the 'dry' gān; 差 in 天差, 'Heaven dispatches,' is chāi; and 著 in 著他, 'ordered him,' is the directing zhuó.

這zhè丞chéng相xiàng謝xiè了le天tiān恩ēn,齋zhāi戒jiè沐mù浴yù,在zài府fǔ中zhōng試shì慧huì劍jiàn,運yùn元yuán神shén,故gù此cǐ不bù曾céng入rù朝cháo。 这zhè丞chéng相xiàng谢xiè了le天tiān恩ēn,斋zhāi戒jiè沐mù浴yù,在zài府fǔ中zhōng试shì慧huì剑jiàn,运yùn元yuán神shén,故gù此cǐ不bù曾céng入rù朝cháo。

The chancellor gave thanks for Heaven's grace, fasted and bathed, and in his residence tested his sword of wisdom and circulated his primal spirit — and so he had not gone to court.

慧劍, the sword of wisdom, is a figure for the blade that cuts through illusion, and 運元神 is to circulate the primal spirit. Between them they are how 魏徵 readies his soul to leave his body in sleep — and they are also why he was not at the morning audience. 相 is xiàng, and 朝 in 入朝 is cháo.

一yí見jiàn當dāng駕jià官guān齎jī賫jī來lái宣xuān,惶huáng懼jù無wú任rèn;又yòu不bù敢gǎn違wéi遲chí君jūn命mìng,只zhǐ得dé急jí急jí整zhěng衣yī束shù帶dài,同tóng旨zhǐ入rù朝cháo,在zài御yù前qián叩kòu頭tóu請qǐng罪zuì。 一yí见jiàn当dāng驾jià官guān赍jī赍jī来lái宣xuān,惶huáng惧jù无wú任rèn;又yòu不bù敢gǎn违wéi迟chí君jūn命mìng,只zhǐ得dé急jí急jí整zhěng衣yī束shù带dài,同tóng旨zhǐ入rù朝cháo,在zài御yù前qián叩kòu头tóu请qǐng罪zuì。

The moment he saw the officer of the guard come with the summons, he was seized with dread; yet not daring to delay his sovereign's command, he had no choice but to hurriedly straighten his robes and bind his sash, and go to court with the summons, kneeling before the throne to beg pardon.

齎賫 is the bearing and delivery of the summons, and 惶懼無任 is boundless dread. The dread is misplaced, which is the quiet joke: he is terrified of being in trouble for missing court, with no idea that the emperor wants him close in order to stop him doing what Heaven has just ordered him to do. 得 in 只得, 'had no choice but,' is dé, and 朝 in 入朝 is cháo.

唐táng王wáng道dào:「赦shè卿qīng無wú罪zuì。」 唐táng王wáng道dào:「赦shè卿qīng无wú罪zuì。」

The Tang king said: 'You are pardoned, my minister; there is no fault.'

赦 is to pardon or remit, and 卿 is the ruler's familiar way of addressing a minister, warmer than any title. The reassurance is the opening move in Taizong's plan.

那nà時shí諸zhū臣chén尚shàng未wèi退tuì朝cháo,至zhì此cǐ,卻què命mìng捲juǎn簾lián散sàn朝cháo。獨dú留liú魏wèi徵zhēng,宣xuān上shàng金jīn鑾luán,召zhào入rù便biàn殿diàn,先xiān議yì論lùn安ān邦bāng之zhī策cè,定dìng國guó之zhī謀móu。 那nà时shí诸zhū臣chén尚shàng未wèi退tuì朝cháo,至zhì此cǐ,却què命mìng卷juǎn帘lián散sàn朝cháo。独dú留liú魏wèi征zhēng,宣xuān上shàng金jīn銮luán,召zhào入rù便biàn殿diàn,先xiān议yì论lùn安ān邦bāng之zhī策cè,定dìng国guó之zhī谋móu。

At that time the assembled ministers had not yet withdrawn from court; now the king ordered the blinds rolled up and the court dismissed. Keeping Wei Zheng alone, he called him up to the golden hall and into the inner chamber, and first discussed with him the policies of securing the realm and the strategies of settling the state.

Everyone else is sent home; 魏徵 alone is kept back, taken through to the side hall and given statecraft to discuss. 金鑾 is the imperial audience hall and 便 in 便殿, 'the side hall,' is biàn. Note the two readings of 散 in this chapter: here in 散朝, 'to dismiss the court,' it is sàn, 'to disperse,' quite distinct from the sǎn of 散淡 in the fisherman's poem. Both 朝 here (退朝, 散朝) are cháo, and 那 is nà.

將jiāng近jìn巳sì末mò午wǔ初chū時shí候hòu,卻què命mìng宮gōng人rén:「取qǔ過guò大dà棋qí來lái,朕zhèn與yǔ賢xián卿qīng對duì弈yì一yì局jú。」 将jiāng近jìn巳sì末mò午wǔ初chū时shí候hòu,却què命mìng宫gōng人rén:「取qǔ过guò大dà棋qí来lái,朕zhèn与yǔ贤xián卿qīng对duì弈yì一yì局jú。」

As the time drew near the end of si and the start of wu, he ordered the palace attendants: 'Fetch the great board, and let me play a game with my worthy minister.'

巳末午初, the end of si and the start of wu, is close on noon — so the fatal 午時三刻 is minutes away, and the emperor, watching the hour, reaches for a distraction. 對弈 is to play a game against someone; 將 in 將近, 'to draw near,' is jiāng.

眾zhòng嬪pín妃fēi隨suí取qǔ棋qí枰píng,鋪pù設shè御yù案àn。 众zhòng嫔pín妃fēi随suí取qǔ棋qí枰píng,铺pù设shè御yù案àn。

The palace consorts thereupon brought the go board and set it out on the imperial desk.

嬪妃 are the imperial consorts, 棋枰 is the go board and 御案 the emperor's table. A board fetched and set out: the homeliest scene in the chapter, and a dragon's life is about to be settled on it.

魏wèi徵zhēng謝xiè了le恩ēn,即jí與yǔ唐táng王wáng對duì弈yì,一yí遞dì一yí著zhāo,擺bǎi開kāi陣zhèn勢shì。正zhèng合hé《爛làn柯kē經jīng》云yún: 魏wèi征zhēng谢xiè了le恩ēn,即jí与yǔ唐táng王wáng对duì弈yì,一yí递dì一yí着zhāo,摆bǎi开kāi阵zhèn势shì。正zhèng合hé《烂làn柯kē经jīng》云yún:

Wei Zheng gave thanks for the favor and at once played against the Tang king, move answering move, deploying their battle-lines. It accorded exactly with the words of the Classic of the Rotted Axe-Handle:

著 in 一遞一著, 'move for move,' is zhāo, a single play in go. 《爛柯經》, the Classic of the Rotted Axe-Handle, is a real treatise on the game, and its title comes from the legend of a woodcutter who paused to watch some immortals play and found, when he stood up, that his axe-handle had rotted away and a lifetime had gone by — the Chinese Rip van Winkle, and a story about a board game eating a man's life. Given who is sitting down to play, and what is about to happen while they do, the title is not innocent.


總評 Commentary

The chapter's two threads, the celestial and the imperial, meet in the person of 魏徵. At home by night he receives, from a crane-borne envoy, the Jade Emperor's order to behead the Jing dragon in a dream at the third quarter of noon, and he prepares his soul for the errand with fasting, the sword of wisdom, and the circulation of his primal spirit. The same man is, in the waking world, the chancellor Taizong has resolved to keep at court through that very hour in order to prevent the execution. Neither of them yet knows he is serving the other's purpose.

Taizong's stratagem is domestic and shrewd: dismiss the court, keep 魏徵 back alone, talk statecraft, and then, as noon comes on, call for a game of go. The board is set out on the imperial desk and the two begin, move answering move, deploying their lines like generals. The narrator marks the moment by invoking the 《爛柯經》, the real Classic of the Rotted Axe-Handle, and the treatise that follows turns the emperor's diversionary game into an emblem of strategy itself — even as that game is about to become the instrument of the dragon's death.