Canonical Classics ← 第十回
第十回
lǎolóngwángzhuōfàntiāntiáo
wèichéngxiàngshūtuōmíng

The Old Dragon King's Foolish Scheme Transgresses the Statutes of Heaven · Minister Wei's Bequeathed Letter Is Entrusted to an Officer of the Dead

含淚辭別
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

含淚辭別 The Dragon Departs at Dusk

lóngwángwényánbàihánlèiérjuéhóng西chéntàiyīnxīngshàngdànjiànlóngwángwényánbàihánlèiérjuéhóng西chéntàiyīnxīngshàngdànjiàn

yānníngshānguījuànyuǎnxíngréntóudiànyānníngshānguījuànyuǎnxíngréntóudiàn
tóuxīnyàn宿tīngshāyínxiàncuīgēngchóucūndēnghuǒguāngyàntóuxīnyàn宿tīngshāyínxiàncuīgēngchóucūndēnghuǒguāngyàn
fēngniǎoyānqīngdàoyuàndiémèngzhōngrénjiànfēngniǎoyānqīngdàoyuàndiémèngzhōngrénjiàn
yuèhuāyǐngshànglángānxīngguāngluànlòushēnghuànjuéshēnchénbànyuèhuāyǐngshànglángānxīngguāngluànlòushēnghuànjuéshēnchénbàn

逐句解 Line by line

lóngwángwényánbàihánlèiérjuéhóng西chéntàiyīnxīngshàngdànjiàn lóngwángwényánbàihánlèiérjuéhóng西chéntàiyīnxīngshàngdànjiàn

Hearing this, the Dragon King bowed his farewell and departed in tears. Before he knew it, the red sun had sunk in the west and the moon-star had risen. There was to be seen:

拜辭 is to take leave with a bow, and 太陰星, 'the great-yin star,' is the moon. 但見, 'there was to be seen,' is the storyteller's cue that a set-piece of description is coming.

yānníngshānguījuànyuǎnxíngréntóudiàn yānníngshānguījuànyuǎnxíngréntóudiàn

Mist congeals, the hills turn purple, and the homing crows are weary; travelers on the long road put up at the wayside inns.

煙凝 is mist gathering and thickening. 歸鴉倦, the homing crows worn out, and 投旅店, travelers putting up at an inn, fix the hour as the one when every living thing is heading somewhere to sleep — which the dragon, tonight, is not.

tóuxīnyàn宿tīngshāyínxiàncuīgēngchóucūndēnghuǒguāngyàn tóuxīnyàn宿tīngshāyínxiàncuīgēngchóucūndēnghuǒguāngyàn

At the ferry-head new-come geese roost on the sandbar; the River of Stars appears; the watch-tallies hasten; in the lonely village the lamp-fires burn without a flame.

汀沙 is a sandy shoal and 銀河, 'the silver river,' is the Milky Way. 更籌 is the watch-tally, the marker for the night-watches into which the dark hours were divided, with read gēng; 光無焰, 'light without flame,' is the dim steady glow of distant lamps.

fēngniǎoyānqīngdàoyuàndiémèngzhōngrénjiàn fēngniǎoyānqīngdàoyuàndiémèngzhōngrénjiàn

The wind curls the censer-smoke through the quiet Daoist cloister; in the butterfly dream, the sleeper is nowhere to be seen.

風裊 is the wind wafting something along. And then the image that quietly announces what this chapter is: the 蝴蝶夢, the butterfly dream, in which Zhuāngzǐ dreamed he was a butterfly and woke unable to say whether he was a man who had dreamed a butterfly or a butterfly now dreaming a man. Within a few pages a sleeping man will kill a dragon.

yuèhuāyǐngshànglángānxīngguāngluànlòushēnghuànjuéshēnchénbàn yuèhuāyǐngshànglángānxīngguāngluànlòushēnghuànjuéshēnchénbàn

The moon shifts the flower-shadows up the balustrade; the starlight scatters, the water-clock's note changes, and unawares the deep of night is already half spent.

漏聲 is the dripping of the water-clock, and , 'changes,' marks the turn from one hour to the next. The lyric closes at midnight, which is precisely the hour the doomed dragon has picked for his appeal.


總評 Commentary

The dragon departs in tears, and the narrative pauses for a lyric of nightfall: homing crows, roosting geese, travelers seeking inns, the Milky Way rising over lamp-lit villages, the water-clock counting toward midnight. Descriptive set-pieces of this kind, marking the passage of time and mood, are one of the novel's characteristic pleasures, and this one is placed with care — it carries the reader from the diviner's shop to the deep of night when the dragon will make his desperate appeal.

The central image is pointedly chosen. The 蝴蝶夢, the butterfly dream of Zhuāngzǐ — who dreamed he was a butterfly and woke unable to say whether he was a man who had dreamed a butterfly or a butterfly now dreaming a man — hangs over a chapter whose hinge is precisely a dream. Within a few lines the Dragon King will step into the sleeping emperor's mind, and the boundary between waking and dreaming, invoked here so lightly, becomes the very mechanism of the plot.