Canonical Classics ← 第十三回
第十三回
陷xiàn虎hǔ穴xué金jīn星xīng解jiě厄è
雙shuāng叉chā嶺lǐng伯bó欽qīn留liú僧sēng

Trapped in the Tiger's Den, the Gold Star Dispels the Peril · At Twin-Fork Ridge, Liu Boqin Takes In the Monk

太保鬥虎
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

太保鬥虎 The Warden Fights the Tiger

過guò了le山shān坡pō,又yòu聽tīng得dé呼hū呼hū風fēng響xiǎng。伯bó欽qīn道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo休xiū走zǒu,坐zuò在zài此cǐ間jiān。風fēng響xiǎng處chù,是shì個gè山shān貓māo來lái了le,等děng我wǒ拿ná他tā家jiā去qù管guǎn待dài你nǐ。」三sān藏zàng見jiàn說shuō,又yòu膽dǎn戰zhàn心xīn驚jīng,不bù敢gǎn舉jǔ步bù。那nà太tài保bǎo執zhí了le鋼gāng叉chā,拽yè開kāi步bù,迎yíng將jiāng上shàng去qù。只zhǐ見jiàn一yì隻zhī斑bān斕lán虎hǔ,對duì面miàn撞zhuàng見jiàn,他tā看kàn見jiàn伯bó欽qīn,急jí回huí頭tóu就jiù走zǒu。這zhè太tài保bǎo霹pī靂lì一yì聲shēng,咄duō道dào:「那nà業yè畜chù那nǎ裡lǐ走zǒu!」那nà虎hǔ見jiàn趕gǎn得de急jí,轉zhuǎn身shēn掄lūn爪zhǎo撲pū來lái。這zhè太tài保bǎo三sān股gǔ叉chā舉jǔ手shǒu迎yíng敵dí。諕xià得de個gè三sān藏zàng軟ruǎn癱tān在zài草cǎo地dì。這zhè和hé尚shàng自zì出chū娘niáng肚dù皮pí,那nǎ曾céng見jiàn這zhè樣yàng凶xiōng險xiǎn的de勾gòu當dàng。太tài保bǎo與yǔ那nà虎hǔ在zài那nà山shān坡pō下xià,人rén虎hǔ相xiāng持chí,果guǒ是shì一yì場cháng好hǎo鬥dòu。但dàn見jiàn:过guò了le山shān坡pō,又yòu听tīng得dé呼hū呼hū风fēng响xiǎng。伯bó钦qīn道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo休xiū走zǒu,坐zuò在zài此cǐ间jiān。风fēng响xiǎng处chù,是shì个gè山shān猫māo来lái了le,等děng我wǒ拿ná他tā家jiā去qù管guǎn待dài你nǐ。」三sān藏zàng见jiàn说shuō,又yòu胆dǎn战zhàn心xīn惊jīng,不bù敢gǎn举jǔ步bù。那nà太tài保bǎo执zhí了le钢gāng叉chā,拽yè开kāi步bù,迎yíng将jiāng上shàng去qù。只zhǐ见jiàn一yì只zhī斑bān斓lán虎hǔ,对duì面miàn撞zhuàng见jiàn,他tā看kàn见jiàn伯bó钦qīn,急jí回huí头tóu就jiù走zǒu。这zhè太tài保bǎo霹pī雳lì一yì声shēng,咄duō道dào:「那nà业yè畜chù那nǎ里lǐ走zǒu!」那nà虎hǔ见jiàn赶gǎn得de急jí,转zhuǎn身shēn抡lūn爪zhǎo扑pū来lái。这zhè太tài保bǎo三sān股gǔ叉chā举jǔ手shǒu迎yíng敌dí。諕xià得de个gè三sān藏zàng软ruǎn瘫tān在zài草cǎo地dì。这zhè和hé尚shàng自zì出chū娘niáng肚dù皮pí,那nǎ曾céng见jiàn这zhè样yàng凶xiōng险xiǎn的de勾gòu当dàng。太tài保bǎo与yǔ那nà虎hǔ在zài那nà山shān坡pō下xià,人rén虎hǔ相xiāng持chí,果guǒ是shì一yì场cháng好hǎo斗dòu。但dàn见jiàn:

怒nù氣qì紛fēn紛fēn,狂kuáng風fēng滾gǔn滾gǔn。怒nù气qì纷fēn纷fēn,狂kuáng风fēng滚gǔn滚gǔn。
怒nù氣qì紛fēn紛fēn,太tài保bǎo沖chōng冠guān多duō膂lǚ力lì;怒nù气qì纷fēn纷fēn,太tài保bǎo冲chōng冠guān多duō膂lǚ力lì;
狂kuáng風fēng滾gǔn滾gǔn,斑bān彪biāo逞chěng勢shì噴pēn紅hóng塵chén。狂kuáng风fēng滚gǔn滚gǔn,斑bān彪biāo逞chěng势shì喷pēn红hóng尘chén。
那nà一yí個gè張zhāng牙yá舞wǔ爪zhǎo,這zhè一yí個gè轉zhuǎn步bù回huí身shēn。那nà一yí个gè张zhāng牙yá舞wǔ爪zhǎo,这zhè一yí个gè转zhuǎn步bù回huí身shēn。
三sān股gǔ叉chā擎qíng天tiān幌huǎng日rì,千qiān花huā尾wěi擾rǎo霧wù雲yún飛fēi。三sān股gǔ叉chā擎qíng天tiān幌huǎng日rì,千qiān花huā尾wěi扰rǎo雾wù云yún飞fēi。
這zhè一yí個gè當dāng胸xiōng亂luàn刺cì,那nà一yí個gè劈pī面miàn來lái吞tūn。这zhè一yí个gè当dāng胸xiōng乱luàn刺cì,那nà一yí个gè劈pī面miàn来lái吞tūn。
閃shǎn過guò的de再zài生shēng人rén道dào,撞zhuàng著zháo的de定dìng見jiàn閻yán君jūn。闪shǎn过guò的de再zài生shēng人rén道dào,撞zhuàng着zháo的de定dìng见jiàn阎yán君jūn。
只zhǐ聽tīng得dé那nà斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,太tài保bǎo聲shēng狠hěn。只zhǐ听tīng得dé那nà斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,太tài保bǎo声shēng狠hěn。
斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,振zhèn裂liè山shān川chuān驚jīng鳥niǎo獸shòu;斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,振zhèn裂liè山shān川chuān惊jīng鸟niǎo兽shòu;
太tài保bǎo聲shēng狠hěn,喝hè開kāi天tiān府fǔ現xiàn星xīng辰chén。太tài保bǎo声shēng狠hěn,喝hè开kāi天tiān府fǔ现xiàn星xīng辰chén。
那nà一yí個gè金jīn睛jīng怒nù出chū,這zhè一yí個gè壯zhuàng膽dǎn生shēng嗔chēn。那nà一yí个gè金jīn睛jīng怒nù出chū,这zhè一yí个gè壮zhuàng胆dǎn生shēng嗔chēn。
可kě愛ài鎮zhèn山shān劉liú太tài保bǎo,堪kān誇kuā據jù地dì獸shòu之zhī君jūn。可kě爱ài镇zhèn山shān刘liú太tài保bǎo,堪kān夸kuā据jù地dì兽shòu之zhī君jūn。
人rén虎hǔ貪tān生shēng爭zhēng勝shèng負fù,些xiē兒er有yǒu慢màn喪sàng三sān魂hún。人rén虎hǔ贪tān生shēng争zhēng胜shèng负fù,些xiē儿er有yǒu慢màn丧sàng三sān魂hún。

逐句解 Line by line

過guò了le山shān坡pō,又yòu聽tīng得dé呼hū呼hū風fēng響xiǎng。伯bó欽qīn道dào:「長zhǎng老lǎo休xiū走zǒu,坐zuò在zài此cǐ間jiān。風fēng響xiǎng處chù,是shì個gè山shān貓māo來lái了le,等děng我wǒ拿ná他tā家jiā去qù管guǎn待dài你nǐ。」三sān藏zàng見jiàn說shuō,又yòu膽dǎn戰zhàn心xīn驚jīng,不bù敢gǎn舉jǔ步bù。那nà太tài保bǎo執zhí了le鋼gāng叉chā,拽yè開kāi步bù,迎yíng將jiāng上shàng去qù。只zhǐ見jiàn一yì隻zhī斑bān斕lán虎hǔ,對duì面miàn撞zhuàng見jiàn,他tā看kàn見jiàn伯bó欽qīn,急jí回huí頭tóu就jiù走zǒu。這zhè太tài保bǎo霹pī靂lì一yì聲shēng,咄duō道dào:「那nà業yè畜chù那nǎ裡lǐ走zǒu!」那nà虎hǔ見jiàn趕gǎn得de急jí,轉zhuǎn身shēn掄lūn爪zhǎo撲pū來lái。這zhè太tài保bǎo三sān股gǔ叉chā舉jǔ手shǒu迎yíng敵dí。諕xià得de個gè三sān藏zàng軟ruǎn癱tān在zài草cǎo地dì。這zhè和hé尚shàng自zì出chū娘niáng肚dù皮pí,那nǎ曾céng見jiàn這zhè樣yàng凶xiōng險xiǎn的de勾gòu當dàng。太tài保bǎo與yǔ那nà虎hǔ在zài那nà山shān坡pō下xià,人rén虎hǔ相xiāng持chí,果guǒ是shì一yì場cháng好hǎo鬥dòu。但dàn見jiàn: 过guò了le山shān坡pō,又yòu听tīng得dé呼hū呼hū风fēng响xiǎng。伯bó钦qīn道dào:「长zhǎng老lǎo休xiū走zǒu,坐zuò在zài此cǐ间jiān。风fēng响xiǎng处chù,是shì个gè山shān猫māo来lái了le,等děng我wǒ拿ná他tā家jiā去qù管guǎn待dài你nǐ。」三sān藏zàng见jiàn说shuō,又yòu胆dǎn战zhàn心xīn惊jīng,不bù敢gǎn举jǔ步bù。那nà太tài保bǎo执zhí了le钢gāng叉chā,拽yè开kāi步bù,迎yíng将jiāng上shàng去qù。只zhǐ见jiàn一yì只zhī斑bān斓lán虎hǔ,对duì面miàn撞zhuàng见jiàn,他tā看kàn见jiàn伯bó钦qīn,急jí回huí头tóu就jiù走zǒu。这zhè太tài保bǎo霹pī雳lì一yì声shēng,咄duō道dào:「那nà业yè畜chù那nǎ里lǐ走zǒu!」那nà虎hǔ见jiàn赶gǎn得de急jí,转zhuǎn身shēn抡lūn爪zhǎo扑pū来lái。这zhè太tài保bǎo三sān股gǔ叉chā举jǔ手shǒu迎yíng敌dí。諕xià得de个gè三sān藏zàng软ruǎn瘫tān在zài草cǎo地dì。这zhè和hé尚shàng自zì出chū娘niáng肚dù皮pí,那nǎ曾céng见jiàn这zhè样yàng凶xiōng险xiǎn的de勾gòu当dàng。太tài保bǎo与yǔ那nà虎hǔ在zài那nà山shān坡pō下xià,人rén虎hǔ相xiāng持chí,果guǒ是shì一yì场cháng好hǎo斗dòu。但dàn见jiàn:

When they had crossed the slope, they heard once more a whistling of wind. Boqin said: "Stay where you are, elder, and sit here a while. Where the wind whistles, a mountain-cat is coming; let me take him home to make you a meal." At these words Sanzang's heart quailed again, and he dared not stir a step. The Guardian gripped his steel trident, strode forward, and went to meet it. There, face to face, he came upon a striped tiger, which, catching sight of Boqin, turned its head at once to flee. But the Guardian, with a crash like a thunderclap, bellowed: "Where are you off to, cursed beast!" The tiger, seeing itself hard pressed, wheeled about, brandished its claws, and sprang. The Guardian raised his three-pronged trident to meet the attack. Sanzang was so frightened he went limp and slumped down on the grass. This monk, since first he left his mother's womb, had never seen so perilous a business. The Guardian and the tiger, below that mountain slope, man and beast grappling together — it was truly a fine fight. Behold:

山貓 (shān māo), "mountain-cat," is Boqin's working word for a tiger, and it tells you everything about his relationship with the animal. To the monk it is the presiding horror of the chapter; to the hunter it is meat. 那業畜, "cursed beast," and 那裡走, "where do you think you're going," are the sort of thing a man shouts at a dog. Then the prose hands over to a rhapsody for the fight.

怒nù氣qì紛fēn紛fēn,狂kuáng風fēng滾gǔn滾gǔn。 怒nù气qì纷fēn纷fēn,狂kuáng风fēng滚gǔn滚gǔn。

Wrath in billows; wild wind in surges.

The poem is built on two refrains that will keep coming back and braiding together — "wrath in billows" for the man, "wild wind in surges" for the beast. Announced here bare, one after the other, before either is attached to anybody.

怒nù氣qì紛fēn紛fēn,太tài保bǎo沖chōng冠guān多duō膂lǚ力lì; 怒nù气qì纷fēn纷fēn,太tài保bǎo冲chōng冠guān多duō膂lǚ力lì;

Wrath in billows: the Guardian, his hair bristling at his cap, of mighty thews;

沖冠 (chōng guān), hair "bristling against the cap," is the classic Chinese image for towering rage — fury with enough physical force to lift a man's headgear.

狂kuáng風fēng滾gǔn滾gǔn,斑bān彪biāo逞chěng勢shì噴pēn紅hóng塵chén。 狂kuáng风fēng滚gǔn滚gǔn,斑bān彪biāo逞chěng势shì喷pēn红hóng尘chén。

wild wind in surges: the striped tiger, flaunting its force, spewing the red dust.

斑彪 (bān biāo), the "striped tiger," is the poetic name the rhapsody will use for the animal throughout, in place of the plain word.

那nà一yí個gè張zhāng牙yá舞wǔ爪zhǎo,這zhè一yí個gè轉zhuǎn步bù回huí身shēn。 那nà一yí个gè张zhāng牙yá舞wǔ爪zhǎo,这zhè一yí个gè转zhuǎn步bù回huí身shēn。

That one bares its fangs and flails its claws; this one shifts his footing and turns his body.

The fight is narrated by pointing. 那一個, "that one," is the tiger; 這一個, "this one," is the man. Each appears three times in the chapter, always in this poem, and neither combatant is named in any of those couplets — the demonstratives carry all the work of telling them apart, the way a fight commentary can run on "he" and "he" as long as the crowd can see the ring.

三sān股gǔ叉chā擎qíng天tiān幌huǎng日rì,千qiān花huā尾wěi擾rǎo霧wù雲yún飛fēi。 三sān股gǔ叉chā擎qíng天tiān幌huǎng日rì,千qiān花huā尾wěi扰rǎo雾wù云yún飞fēi。

The three-pronged trident lifts to heaven and dazzles the sun; the many-flowered tail stirs the mist and sends the clouds flying.

A couplet about equipment rather than fighters: the trident against the tail. 擎天幌日 lifts a hand weapon to the scale of the sky, and 千花尾 — the mottled tail — answers by stirring up cloud. For two lines the brawl is being reported as weather.

這zhè一yí個gè當dāng胸xiōng亂luàn刺cì,那nà一yí個gè劈pī面miàn來lái吞tūn。 这zhè一yí个gè当dāng胸xiōng乱luàn刺cì,那nà一yí个gè劈pī面miàn来lái吞tūn。

This one thrusts wildly at the breast; that one comes face-on to devour.

The pointing reverses: this time the man strikes first and the tiger answers. 當 is dāng, "full at, square on" — not dàng, the one about pawning — so 當胸 is a thrust straight at the chest, and 劈面 comes back face-on.

閃shǎn過guò的de再zài生shēng人rén道dào,撞zhuàng著zháo的de定dìng見jiàn閻yán君jūn。 闪shǎn过guò的de再zài生shēng人rén道dào,撞zhuàng着zháo的de定dìng见jiàn阎yán君jūn。

Who dodges clear is born again into the world of men; who takes the blow will surely meet King Yama.

閻君 (Yán jūn) is King Yama, judge and ruler of the dead. To "meet" him is to die, and the couplet reduces the whole fight to a coin-toss between rebirth and the underworld.

只zhǐ聽tīng得dé那nà斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,太tài保bǎo聲shēng狠hěn。 只zhǐ听tīng得dé那nà斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,太tài保bǎo声shēng狠hěn。

One heard only the striped tiger's roaring, and the Guardian's savage shout.

The poem switches from sight to sound, and gives each fighter one noise. 哮 is read xiào throughout the corpus, the roar of a beast; it stands four times in this chapter, and the other two are both other animals — the roaring out of the pit at the start, and the pair of tigers on the ridge. In 只聽得 the character 得 links the verb to what follows it and takes the light neutral reading.

斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,振zhèn裂liè山shān川chuān驚jīng鳥niǎo獸shòu; 斑bān彪biāo哮xiào吼hǒu,振zhèn裂liè山shān川chuān惊jīng鸟niǎo兽shòu;

The striped tiger's roar rent the hills and streams and startled the birds and beasts;

The tiger's noise, expanded. 振裂 sends the roar out across the hills and rivers, and the birds and beasts bolt from it — the same animals the hunter was said to frighten when he came down the slope, now being frightened by his opponent instead.

太tài保bǎo聲shēng狠hěn,喝hè開kāi天tiān府fǔ現xiàn星xīng辰chén。 太tài保bǎo声shēng狠hěn,喝hè开kāi天tiān府fǔ现xiàn星xīng辰chén。

the Guardian's shout split open the courts of Heaven and laid bare the stars.

The answering noise, and it is pitched higher: the roar splits the hills, the shout splits heaven. 喝 is hè, to shout — not hē, to drink. 天府 is the celestial administration, the bureaucracy of heaven, so the man's voice is described as reaching the one address the tiger's cannot.

那nà一yí個gè金jīn睛jīng怒nù出chū,這zhè一yí個gè壯zhuàng膽dǎn生shēng嗔chēn。 那nà一yí个gè金jīn睛jīng怒nù出chū,这zhè一yí个gè壮zhuàng胆dǎn生shēng嗔chēn。

That one, its golden eyes bulging with fury; this one, his stout heart swelling with wrath.

The last of the pointing couplets, and both halves turn inward — the eyes, the gall. 生嗔 borrows a Buddhist term: 嗔 is anger, one of the three poisons that bind a being to suffering. Using it of a man killing a tiger in front of a monk is not an idle choice.

可kě愛ài鎮zhèn山shān劉liú太tài保bǎo,堪kān誇kuā據jù地dì獸shòu之zhī君jūn。 可kě爱ài镇zhèn山shān刘liú太tài保bǎo,堪kān夸kuā据jù地dì兽shòu之zhī君jūn。

Admirable, the Guardian Liu of the Mountain; worthy of praise, the ground-holding lord of the beasts.

據地獸之君, "the ground-holding lord of the beasts," is the tiger — king of the ground he stands on. The couplet deliberately matches the two: a Guardian of the Mountain against a sovereign of the animals, each with a title, each with a domain.

人rén虎hǔ貪tān生shēng爭zhēng勝shèng負fù,些xiē兒er有yǒu慢màn喪sàng三sān魂hún。 人rén虎hǔ贪tān生shēng争zhēng胜shèng负fù,些xiē儿er有yǒu慢màn丧sàng三sān魂hún。

Man and tiger, each greedy of life, contend for victory; let there be the slightest slackening, and one loses his three souls.

三魂 (sān hún), the "three souls" of Daoist belief, stand here for life itself. Both fighters want to keep theirs, and the margin is one slip.


總評 Commentary

The chapter's terror comes back, but under new management. What Xuanzang could only faint at, Boqin walks toward with a trident, and the animal that has loomed over the whole chapter is downgraded in a single word to a "mountain-cat."

The fight gets a full rhapsody, one of the novel's set-piece battle poems, and it is beautifully engineered. Two refrains are laid out first, then attached to their owners, then interleaved as the fighters close. The pointing words — that one, this one — do all the identifying. And the scale keeps inflating: a trident dazzles the sun, a shout lays the stars bare.

The poem is careful to make it an even contest. The hunter is a Guardian of the Mountain and the tiger is a lord of the beasts, each a sovereign of his kind, each "greedy of life." Nobody in the verse is vermin.

And through all of it, the monk is lying limp on the grass a few yards away. The fight measures the exact distance between Xuanzang's helplessness and the plain human courage that is now keeping him alive.