Canonical Classics ← 第十三回
第十三回
陷xiàn虎hǔ穴xué金jīn星xīng解jiě厄è
雙shuāng叉chā嶺lǐng伯bó欽qīn留liú僧sēng

Trapped in the Tiger's Den, the Gold Star Dispels the Peril · At Twin-Fork Ridge, Liu Boqin Takes In the Monk

山莊在望
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

山莊在望 The Farmstead Comes into View

他tā一yì隻zhī手shǒu執zhí著zhe叉chā,一yì隻zhī手shǒu拖tuō著zhe虎hǔ,在zài前qián引yǐn路lù。三sān藏zàng牽qiān著zhe馬mǎ,隨suí後hòu而ér行xíng。迤yǐ𨓦lǐ行xíng過guò山shān坡pō,忽hū見jiàn一yí座zuò山shān莊zhuāng。那nà門mén前qián真zhēn個gè是shì:他tā一yì只zhī手shǒu执zhí着zhe叉chā,一yì只zhī手shǒu拖tuō着zhe虎hǔ,在zài前qián引yǐn路lù。三sān藏zàng牵qiān着zhe马mǎ,随suí后hòu而ér行xíng。迤yǐ𨓦lǐ行xíng过guò山shān坡pō,忽hū见jiàn一yí座zuò山shān庄zhuāng。那nà门mén前qián真zhēn个gè是shì:

參cān天tiān古gǔ樹shù,漫màn路lù荒huāng籐téng。参cān天tiān古gǔ树shù,漫màn路lù荒huāng籐téng。
萬wàn壑hè風fēng塵chén冷lěng,千qiān崖yá氣qì象xiàng奇qí。万wàn壑hè风fēng尘chén冷lěng,千qiān崖yá气qì象xiàng奇qí。
一yí徑jìng野yě花huā香xiāng襲xí體tǐ,數shù竿gān幽yōu竹zhú綠lǜ依yī依yī。一yí径jìng野yě花huā香xiāng袭xí体tǐ,数shù竿gān幽yōu竹zhú绿lǜ依yī依yī。
草cǎo門mén樓lóu,籬lí笆bā院yuàn,堪kān描miáo堪kān畫huà;草cǎo门mén楼lóu,篱lí笆bā院yuàn,堪kān描miáo堪kān画huà;
石shí板bǎn橋qiáo,白bái土tǔ壁bì,真zhēn樂lè真zhēn稀xī。石shí板bǎn桥qiáo,白bái土tǔ壁bì,真zhēn乐lè真zhēn稀xī。
秋qiū容róng蕭xiāo索suǒ,爽shuǎng氣qì孤gū高gāo。秋qiū容róng萧xiāo索suǒ,爽shuǎng气qì孤gū高gāo。
道dào傍páng黃huáng葉yè落luò,嶺lǐng上shàng白bái雲yún飄piāo。道dào傍páng黄huáng叶yè落luò,岭lǐng上shàng白bái云yún飘piāo。
疏shū林lín內nèi山shān禽qín聒guā聒guā,莊zhuāng門mén外wài細xì犬quǎn嘹liáo嘹liáo。疏shū林lín内nèi山shān禽qín聒guā聒guā,庄zhuāng门mén外wài细xì犬quǎn嘹liáo嘹liáo。

逐句解 Line by line

他tā一yì隻zhī手shǒu執zhí著zhe叉chā,一yì隻zhī手shǒu拖tuō著zhe虎hǔ,在zài前qián引yǐn路lù。三sān藏zàng牽qiān著zhe馬mǎ,隨suí後hòu而ér行xíng。迤yǐ𨓦lǐ行xíng過guò山shān坡pō,忽hū見jiàn一yí座zuò山shān莊zhuāng。那nà門mén前qián真zhēn個gè是shì: 他tā一yì只zhī手shǒu执zhí着zhe叉chā,一yì只zhī手shǒu拖tuō着zhe虎hǔ,在zài前qián引yǐn路lù。三sān藏zàng牵qiān着zhe马mǎ,随suí后hòu而ér行xíng。迤yǐ𨓦lǐ行xíng过guò山shān坡pō,忽hū见jiàn一yí座zuò山shān庄zhuāng。那nà门mén前qián真zhēn个gè是shì:

With one hand gripping his trident and the other dragging the tiger, he led the way in front, and Sanzang, leading his horse, came along behind. Winding on across the mountain slope, they suddenly caught sight of a farmstead. Before its gate, the sight was truly this:

迤𨓦 (yǐ lǐ), "winding along," is a variant way of writing 迤邐. The second character, 𨓦, is rare enough to sit outside the range most fonts cover — the first such character to appear in this chapter, and the sort of thing that quietly breaks fonts.

參cān天tiān古gǔ樹shù,漫màn路lù荒huāng籐téng。 参cān天tiān古gǔ树shù,漫màn路lù荒huāng籐téng。

Ancient trees that pierce the sky; wild vines that overrun the path.

The scene-poem begins at the outer edge of the property: old trees, wild vine, nothing tended yet.

萬wàn壑hè風fēng塵chén冷lěng,千qiān崖yá氣qì象xiàng奇qí。 万wàn壑hè风fēng尘chén冷lěng,千qiān崖yá气qì象xiàng奇qí。

In ten thousand ravines the wind-blown dust is cold; on a thousand cliffs the aspect is strange and rare.

It opens wide before it narrows, and the two halves are a matched pair of large round numbers — ten thousand ravines, a thousand cliffs. 氣象 is the bearing or aspect of a landscape, the quality a painter would be trying to catch.

一yí徑jìng野yě花huā香xiāng襲xí體tǐ,數shù竿gān幽yōu竹zhú綠lǜ依yī依yī。 一yí径jìng野yě花huā香xiāng袭xí体tǐ,数shù竿gān幽yōu竹zhú绿lǜ依yī依yī。

Along one path the wild flowers' fragrance clings to the body; a few stems of secluded bamboo hang green and lush.

數 is shù, "a few" — the counted sense, not shǔ, to enumerate. The couplet moves from the path underfoot up to bamboo at eye height, and 依依 is the only doubled pair in the poem until its very last line.

草cǎo門mén樓lóu,籬lí笆bā院yuàn,堪kān描miáo堪kān畫huà; 草cǎo门mén楼lóu,篱lí笆bā院yuàn,堪kān描miáo堪kān画huà;

A thatched gate-tower, a wattle-fenced yard — fit to be sketched, fit to be painted;

The metre breaks into three short beats — 草門樓, 籬笆院, and then a verdict. 堪描堪畫 says the farmstead is fit to be sketched and painted, which is exactly what the poem has spent eight lines doing to it.

石shí板bǎn橋qiáo,白bái土tǔ壁bì,真zhēn樂lè真zhēn稀xī。 石shí板bǎn桥qiáo,白bái土tǔ壁bì,真zhēn乐lè真zhēn稀xī。

a flagstone bridge, whitewashed earthen walls — truly delightful, truly rare.

The matching triplet, built to the same measure. 樂 is lè, delight — not yuè, music. 真樂真稀 answers 堪描堪畫 beat for beat, and these two lines are the only place in the poem where the speaker says what he actually thinks of the place.

秋qiū容róng蕭xiāo索suǒ,爽shuǎng氣qì孤gū高gāo。 秋qiū容róng萧xiāo索suǒ,爽shuǎng气qì孤gū高gāo。

The face of autumn is bleak and desolate; the crisp air stands lofty and alone.

Four characters and four characters — the tightest line here. 蕭索 is the standard word for autumn desolation, and 孤高, aloof and lofty, is a thing usually said of a person rather than of air.

道dào傍páng黃huáng葉yè落luò,嶺lǐng上shàng白bái雲yún飄piāo。 道dào傍páng黄huáng叶yè落luò,岭lǐng上shàng白bái云yún飘piāo。

By the road the yellow leaves are falling; over the ridge the white clouds drift.

Falling set against drifting, low against high. About as plain as this poem gets. 傍 is ruled páng, "beside," and 落 is luò, to fall, not the là of leaving something behind.

疏shū林lín內nèi山shān禽qín聒guā聒guā,莊zhuāng門mén外wài細xì犬quǎn嘹liáo嘹liáo。 疏shū林lín内nèi山shān禽qín聒guā聒guā,庄zhuāng门mén外wài细xì犬quǎn嘹liáo嘹liáo。

Within the sparse woods the mountain birds go clamouring; outside the farmstead gate the little dogs go yapping.

The poem ends on noise, and on the two doubled pairs it has been saving — 聒聒 and 嘹嘹, both of them animal sounds rather than scenery. And the dogs are the payoff: they are the first evidence that anyone lives here, which is the one thing these travellers have needed since the ridge.


總評 Commentary

A calmer rhapsody than the fight it follows, and a hinge in the chapter. Boqin leads the way with the dead tiger in one hand, and the verse turns from violence to a country idyll — ancient trees, a thatched gate, a wattle fence, yellow leaves, white cloud.

The poem knows what it is doing. "Fit to be sketched, fit to be painted," it says, and the description does have the arranged quality of a landscape scroll: wide shot first, then the path, then the gate, then the sounds. It is a picture being composed in front of you.

And it completes the chapter's journey out of the wild. The farmstead is rough and remote, but it has walls and a gate and dogs, and past that gate is the hospitality that fills the whole back half of the chapter.