釘在材頭 He Perched on the Coffin and Coughed
他就飛入寇家,只見那堂屋裡已停著棺材,材頭邊點著燈,擺列著香燭花果,媽媽在傍啼哭;又見他兩個兒子也來拜哭,兩個媳婦拿兩盞飯兒供獻。行者就釘在他材頭上,咳嗽了一聲。諕得那兩個媳婦查手舞腳的往外跑;寇梁兄弟伏在地下不敢動.他就飞入寇家,只见那堂屋里已停着棺材,材头边点着灯,摆列着香烛花果,妈妈在傍啼哭;又见他两个儿子也来拜哭,两个媳妇拿两盏饭儿供献。行者就钉在他材头上,咳嗽了一声。諕得那两个媳妇查手舞脚的往外跑;寇梁兄弟伏在地下不敢动.
逐句解 Line by line
Then he flew into the Kou house, and saw that the coffin was already standing in the main room, with a lamp burning at the head of it and incense, candles, flowers and fruit set out; the old wife was weeping at his side.
Three verbs in a row, each with the light character after it — 停著棺材, 點著燈, 擺列著 — and every one marks a state rather than an act. The book is not telling us that somebody set the coffin down and lit a lamp; it is showing us the room as Monkey finds it, everything already in place. 在傍 — at his side. The second character is the beside reading, which the tables hold and the chain has never given it. 材頭 — the head of the coffin, where the lamp goes. The book uses the plain word for timber rather than the full word for a coffin, which is what a household would say.
He also saw his two sons come to bow and weep, and the two daughters-in-law carrying two bowls of rice to set before him.
供獻 — to set before him as an offering. The offering reading again, and the fifth of this chapter's six uses of that character to come out wrong; only the one inside the word for feeding monks is right, and only because the tables hold it. The whole family is here doing the correct things in the correct order — coffin, lamp, incense, offerings, the sons bowing, the wives bringing food. The mourning is entirely proper. It is also, as the reader knows and they do not, built on a murder charge against four innocent men.
Monkey settled on the head of the coffin and gave a cough. It frightened the two daughters-in-law into running out with their hands and feet all anyhow;
咳嗽了一聲 — gave a cough. One cough, in a room where a dead man is lying, at three in the morning. It is the best-judged special effect in the novel and it costs nothing. 諕得 — frightened into. The chapter's fourth use of this frightening word, and the tables settle its reading. The brief for this chapter listed the word as absent; it turns up six times over. 查手舞腳 — hands and feet all anyhow. The word appears exactly once in the whole novel and its first character is not the one this book normally uses for a gesture of the hands — that one turns up earlier in this very chapter, in the formal salute Monkey made to the robbers, and means almost the opposite. The reading given here is the character's own; the oddity is left standing rather than tidied away.
and Kou Liang and his brother lay flat on the ground and dared not stir.
This clause ends on a full stop that is not the usual one. The edition sets a narrow Western-style point here instead of the round mark it uses everywhere else, once in the whole chapter, and it is kept as printed. 伏在地下不敢動 — lay flat and dared not stir. The sons' response is to get down and stay down. Their wives ran; they prostrate themselves. Both are what you do when the dead speak.
A cough. That is the entire supernatural event, and it empties the room. Monkey has the whole arsenal of this novel available to him — he could appear in the coffin, speak in Kou Hong's voice, take the shape of the dead man — and what he does is clear his throat once.
The restraint is deliberate and it is funny, but it is also tactically right. A voice from a coffin could be argued with. A cough cannot, because there is nothing to argue with: something in the room made a small human noise and the only person who should be making noises is dead.
Notice how the two generations divide. The daughters-in-law run for the door with their limbs going every way. The sons go straight down onto the floor and freeze. Neither reaction is cowardice exactly — both are what people do at the moment the world stops behaving — and the book is precise about which people do which.