Canonical Classics ← 第九十回
第九十回
師shī獅shī授shòu受shòu同tóng歸guī一yī
盜dào道dào纏chán禪chán靜jìng九jiǔ靈líng

Master and Lion, Giving and Receiving, Return Together to the One · Thieving the Way and Snaring Chan, the Nine Spirits Are Stilled

海晏河清
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

海晏河清 Calm Seas And Clear Rivers

問wèn道dào:「各gè重zhòng多duō少shǎo斤jīn兩liǎng?」鐵tiě匠jiàng道dào:「金jīn箍gū棒bàng有yǒu千qiān斤jīn,九jiǔ齒chǐ鈀pá與yǔ降xiáng妖yāo杖zhàng各gè有yǒu八bā百bǎi斤jīn。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「也yě罷ba。」叫jiào請qǐng三sān位wèi王wáng子zǐ出chū來lái,各gè人rén執zhí兵bīng器qì。三sān子zi對duì老lǎo王wáng道dào:「父fù王wáng,今jīn日rì兵bīng器qì完wán矣yǐ。」老lǎo王wáng道dào:「為wèi此cǐ兵bīng器qì,幾jǐ乎hū傷shāng了le我wǒ父fù子zǐ之zhī命mìng。」小xiǎo王wáng子zǐ道dào:「幸xìng蒙méng神shén師shī施shī法fǎ,救jiù出chū我wǒ等děng,卻què又yòu掃sǎo蕩dàng妖yāo邪xié,除chú了le後hòu患huàn。誠chéng所suǒ謂wèi海hǎi晏yàn河hé清qīng,太tài平píng之zhī世shì界jiè也yě。」當dāng時shí老lǎo王wáng父fù子zǐ賞shǎng勞láo了le匠jiàng作zuò,又yòu至zhì暴bào紗shā亭tíng拜bài謝xiè了le師shī恩ēn。三sān藏zàng又yòu教jiào大dà聖shèng等děng快kuài傳chuán武wǔ藝yì,莫mò誤wù行xíng程chéng。问wèn道dào:「各gè重zhòng多duō少shǎo斤jīn两liǎng?」铁tiě匠jiàng道dào:「金jīn箍gū棒bàng有yǒu千qiān斤jīn,九jiǔ齿chǐ钯pá与yǔ降xiáng妖yāo杖zhàng各gè有yǒu八bā百bǎi斤jīn。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「也yě罢ba。」叫jiào请qǐng三sān位wèi王wáng子zǐ出chū来lái,各gè人rén执zhí兵bīng器qì。三sān子zi对duì老lǎo王wáng道dào:「父fù王wáng,今jīn日rì兵bīng器qì完wán矣yǐ。」老lǎo王wáng道dào:「为wèi此cǐ兵bīng器qì,几jǐ乎hū伤shāng了le我wǒ父fù子zǐ之zhī命mìng。」小xiǎo王wáng子zǐ道dào:「幸xìng蒙méng神shén师shī施shī法fǎ,救jiù出chū我wǒ等děng,却què又yòu扫sǎo荡dàng妖yāo邪xié,除chú了le后hòu患huàn。诚chéng所suǒ谓wèi海hǎi晏yàn河hé清qīng,太tài平píng之zhī世shì界jiè也yě。」当dāng时shí老lǎo王wáng父fù子zǐ赏shǎng劳láo了le匠jiàng作zuò,又yòu至zhì暴bào纱shā亭tíng拜bài谢xiè了le师shī恩ēn。三sān藏zàng又yòu教jiào大dà圣shèng等děng快kuài传chuán武wǔ艺yì,莫mò误wù行xíng程chéng。


逐句解 Line by line

問wèn道dào:「各gè重zhòng多duō少shǎo斤jīn兩liǎng?」 问wèn道dào:「各gè重zhòng多duō少shǎo斤jīn两liǎng?」

He asked them: "What does each of them weigh?"

重 takes zhòng here, the weight reading - not the chóng of layer on layer that the same character carries three times earlier in this chapter, in the folded hills and the layered clouds and the several sets of smashed doors.

鐵tiě匠jiàng道dào:「金jīn箍gū棒bàng有yǒu千qiān斤jīn,九jiǔ齒chǐ鈀pá與yǔ降xiáng妖yāo杖zhàng各gè有yǒu八bā百bǎi斤jīn。」 铁tiě匠jiàng道dào:「金jīn箍gū棒bàng有yǒu千qiān斤jīn,九jiǔ齿chǐ钯pá与yǔ降xiáng妖yāo杖zhàng各gè有yǒu八bā百bǎi斤jīn。」

The smiths said: "The gold-hooped cudgel comes to a thousand catties, and the nine-toothed rake and the demon-quelling staff eight hundred catties each."

The figures are the real ones from the pilgrims' own weapons, which is the point: the copies are faithful to the last catty. 斤, a catty, is about six hundred grams, so the cudgel is around six hundred kilos. 降 is xiáng once more in 降妖杖, the subduing reading.

行xíng者zhě道dào:「也yě罷ba。」 行xíng者zhě道dào:「也yě罢ba。」

Pilgrim said: "That will do."

罷 is ba here, the soft closing word that makes a remark casual, and not the bà of the doubled cry of despair that Eight Rules let out when the truncheon caught his spine. 也罷 is a shrug: good enough.

叫jiào請qǐng三sān位wèi王wáng子zǐ出chū來lái,各gè人rén執zhí兵bīng器qì。 叫jiào请qǐng三sān位wèi王wáng子zǐ出chū来lái,各gè人rén执zhí兵bīng器qì。

He called for the three princes to come out, and each took up his weapon.

The moment the whole chapter was set in motion to reach. Three young men pick up three copied weapons, which is exactly what they did in the previous chapter before everything went wrong.

三sān子zi對duì老lǎo王wáng道dào:「父fù王wáng,今jīn日rì兵bīng器qì完wán矣yǐ。」 三sān子zi对duì老lǎo王wáng道dào:「父fù王wáng,今jīn日rì兵bīng器qì完wán矣yǐ。」

The three sons said to the old king: "Father, today the weapons are finished."

矣 on the end is a literary flourish of completion, which sits oddly in the mouths of boys and is exactly right for the occasion. They are making a formal announcement to their father.

老lǎo王wáng道dào:「為wèi此cǐ兵bīng器qì,幾jǐ乎hū傷shāng了le我wǒ父fù子zǐ之zhī命mìng。」 老lǎo王wáng道dào:「为wèi此cǐ兵bīng器qì,几jǐ乎hū伤shāng了le我wǒ父fù子zǐ之zhī命mìng。」

The old king said: "It was on account of these weapons that the lives of myself and my sons were very nearly lost."

The chapter's plainest sentence and its best. 為 is wèi here, the reading meaning on account of - the same character that has meant being and acting as eight times in this chapter, doing the opposite job. And the king is not wrong. Everything followed from the weapons.

小xiǎo王wáng子zǐ道dào:「幸xìng蒙méng神shén師shī施shī法fǎ,救jiù出chū我wǒ等děng,卻què又yòu掃sǎo蕩dàng妖yāo邪xié,除chú了le後hòu患huàn。 小xiǎo王wáng子zǐ道dào:「幸xìng蒙méng神shén师shī施shī法fǎ,救jiù出chū我wǒ等děng,却què又yòu扫sǎo荡dàng妖yāo邪xié,除chú了le后hòu患huàn。

The youngest prince said: "By good fortune the divine teachers worked their arts and rescued us, and swept the fiends clean away besides, so that later trouble is ended.

The son answers the father's regret with the official version, and the generational split is beautifully drawn: the old king counts the cost, the boy counts the result.

誠chéng所suǒ謂wèi海hǎi晏yàn河hé清qīng,太tài平píng之zhī世shì界jiè也yě。」 诚chéng所suǒ谓wèi海hǎi晏yàn河hé清qīng,太tài平píng之zhī世shì界jiè也yě。」

"This is truly what is meant by calm seas and clear rivers, a world at peace."

海晏河清 is a set phrase of four characters - the sea at rest and the Yellow River running clear - and it is the standing formula for a realm in perfect order. The Yellow River is never clear, which is the point: it describes a peace so complete it is slightly impossible. A boy who was inside a lion's mouth the day before yesterday reaches for the grandest phrase available.

當dāng時shí老lǎo王wáng父fù子zǐ賞shǎng勞láo了le匠jiàng作zuò,又yòu至zhì暴bào紗shā亭tíng拜bài謝xiè了le師shī恩ēn。 当dāng时shí老lǎo王wáng父fù子zǐ赏shǎng劳láo了le匠jiàng作zuò,又yòu至zhì暴bào纱shā亭tíng拜bài谢xiè了le师shī恩ēn。

Then the old king and his sons rewarded the craftsmen for their labour, and went to the Sunshade Pavilion to give thanks for their teachers' kindness.

The smiths get paid. It is a small piece of bookkeeping and the novel does not forget it, any more than it forgot to have Pilgrim gather his hairs back in.

三sān藏zàng又yòu教jiào大dà聖shèng等děng快kuài傳chuán武wǔ藝yì,莫mò誤wù行xíng程chéng。 三sān藏zàng又yòu教jiào大dà圣shèng等děng快kuài传chuán武wǔ艺yì,莫mò误wù行xíng程chéng。

The Tang Monk told the Great Sage and the others to hurry and pass on the martial arts, and not to hold up the journey.

The master's one line in this whole closing stretch, and it is about the schedule. 莫誤行程 - do not delay the road - is the thing he says more often than anything else in the book. Nine chapters remain.


總評 Commentary

The chapter puts its verdict in two mouths and lets them disagree. The old king says it was on account of these weapons that he and his sons nearly died. The youngest prince says the fiends are swept away and the realm is at peace.

Both are true and the arrangement is deliberate. The father has counted what it cost; the son has counted what was won. The novel gives the father the plainer sentence and the son the grander phrase, and then moves on without adjudicating.

And the phrase the boy reaches for is worth knowing. Calm seas and clear rivers is the standard formula for perfect order, and it works because the Yellow River is never clear - it is a peace slightly beyond the possible. He is nine years old at most and two days out of a lion's mouth.