Canonical Classics ← 第五十三回
第五十三回
chánzhǔtūncānhuáiguǐyùn
huángyùnshuǐjiěxiétāi

The Master of Dhyāna, Swallowing His Meal, Conceives a Ghostly Pregnancy · The Yellow Dame Draws Water and Dissolves the Demon Foetus

三遭鉤跌
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

三遭鉤跌 Hooked Down at the Well

shènggǎnquèláiānnèixúnshuǐdàorénzǎoānménguānleshèngzhegǎnzhìménqiánjìnjiǎoānménchuǎngjiāngjìnjiàndàorénzàijǐnglánshàngbèishèngleshēngbàngyàodàorénwǎnghòupǎolequècáixúnchūdiàotǒngláizhèngyàoshuǐyòubèixiānshēnggǎndàoqiánbiān使shǐgōuzishènggōuzháojiǎodiēdiēlezuǐkěnshènglái使shǐtiěbàngjiùquèshǎnzàipángbiānzhízhegōuzidào:「kàndedeshuǐ?」shèngdào:「shàngláishàngláizhènièzhàngzhíshā!」xiānshēngshàngqiánzhǐshìjìnzhùleshèngshuǐshèngjiàndòngquè使shǐzuǒshǒulūnzhetiěbàngyòushǒu使shǐdiàotǒngjiāngsuǒzicáidefàngxiàyòulái使shǐgōushèngzhīshǒuchēngchídeyòubèigōugōuzháojiǎochělelóngzhǒngliánsuǒzitōngdiēxiàjǐngleshèngdào:「zhèquèshì。」láishuāngshǒulūnbàngméitóuméiliǎndejiāngshàngxiānshēngránzǒulegǎnyíngshèngyòuyàoshuǐnàiméiyǒudiàotǒngyòukǒngláigōuchěxīnzhōngànànxiǎngdào:「qiějiàobāngshǒulái。」shènggǎnquèláiānnèixúnshuǐdàorénzǎoānménguānleshèngzhegǎnzhìménqiánjìnjiǎoānménchuǎngjiāngjìnjiàndàorénzàijǐnglánshàngbèishèngleshēngbàngyàodàorénwǎnghòupǎolequècáixúnchūdiàotǒngláizhèngyàoshuǐyòubèixiānshēnggǎndàoqiánbiān使shǐgōuzishènggōuzháojiǎodiēdiēlezuǐkěnshènglái使shǐtiěbàngjiùquèshǎnzàipángbiānzhízhegōuzidào:「kàndedeshuǐ?」shèngdào:「shàngláishàngláizhènièzhàngzhíshā!」xiānshēngshàngqiánzhǐshìjìnzhùleshèngshuǐshèngjiàndòngquè使shǐzuǒshǒulūnzhetiěbàngyòushǒu使shǐdiàotǒngjiāngsuǒzicáidefàngxiàyòulái使shǐgōushèngzhīshǒuchēngchídeyòubèigōugōuzháojiǎochělelóngzhǒngliánsuǒzitōngdiēxiàjǐngleshèngdào:「zhèquèshì。」láishuāngshǒulūnbàngméitóuméiliǎndejiāngshàngxiānshēngránzǒulegǎnyíngshèngyòuyàoshuǐnàiméiyǒudiàotǒngyòukǒngláigōuchěxīnzhōngànànxiǎngdào:「qiějiàobāngshǒulái。」


逐句解 Line by line

shènggǎnquèláiānnèixúnshuǐ shènggǎnquèláiānnèixúnshuǐ

The Great Sage did not go after him, but came instead into the convent to look for the water.

The decision is tactically sound and turns out to be the mistake the passage is built on. The man he lets go is the only obstacle that matters.

dàorénzǎoānménguānle dàorénzǎoānménguānle

That Daoist had already shut the convent gate.

marks that the gatekeeper acted first. Ten characters, and this is the first of three obstructions.

shèngzhegǎnzhìménqiánjìnjiǎoānménchuǎngjiāngjìn shèngzhegǎnzhìménqiánjìnjiǎoānménchuǎngjiāngjìn

The Great Sage, carrying the earthenware bowl, ran up to the gate, put his whole strength into one kick, smashed the gate in and came charging through.

拿著 has as zhe, marking the carrying as continuous; 盡力氣 takes as jìn. 闖將進去 slips , read jiāng, in between the verb and its direction, the pattern behind 打將出來 and 鑽將進去 elsewhere in the novel — charged his way in.

jiàndàorénzàijǐnglánshàngbèishèngleshēngbàngyàodàorénwǎnghòupǎole jiàndàorénzàijǐnglánshàngbèishèngleshēngbàngyàodàorénwǎnghòupǎole

He saw the Daoist lying across the well-curb; the Great Sage gave a shout and raised his rod to strike, and the Daoist ran off to the back.

伏在井欄上 — lying across the well-curb with his body — is obstruction by occupation rather than by force. It is a picket line with one picket. is , the shout.

quècáixúnchūdiàotǒngláizhèngyàoshuǐyòubèixiānshēnggǎndàoqiánbiān使shǐgōuzishènggōuzháojiǎodiēdiēlezuǐkěn quècáixúnchūdiàotǒngláizhèngyàoshuǐyòubèixiānshēnggǎndàoqiánbiān使shǐgōuzishènggōuzháojiǎodiēdiēlezuǐkěn

He had just got out the well-bucket and was about to draw water when the gentleman came running up again, caught the Great Sage's foot with the as-you-will hook and tripped him, so that he came down flat on his face.

鉤著 takes as zháo, marking the hooking as something that came off — caught and held — as against the zhuó of 著腳斜鉤 in the battle verse, where the character governs the target instead. in 嘴硍地 is kěn, a variant of , to gnaw — he goes down biting the dirt. The reading xiàn, sometimes offered for this character, is not one it carries.

shènglái使shǐtiěbàngjiù shènglái使shǐtiěbàngjiù

The Great Sage scrambled up and struck at him with the iron rod.

Ten characters. The pattern of the passage is now fixed: Wukong reaches for the water, is knocked down, gets up, and swings.

quèshǎnzàipángbiānzhízhegōuzidào:「kàndedeshuǐ?」 quèshǎnzàipángbiānzhízhegōuzidào:「kàndedeshuǐ?」

But he dodged aside, and holding up the hook said, "Let us see whether you can carry off my water!"

執著 has as zhe, holding it up and keeping it there; 取得 asks whether it can be done, so is the light de. And 我的水my water — is the entire quarrel in three characters.

shèngdào:「shàngláishàngláizhènièzhàngzhíshā!」 shèngdào:「shàngláishàngláizhènièzhàngzhíshā!」

The Great Sage cursed, "Come up here! Come up here! You obstruction, I'll beat you to death outright!"

直打殺你 — I'll beat you to death outright — is a threat Wukong neither carries out nor could usefully carry out. His opponent has already worked out that he does not have to win this, and a man who only has to stand still is not much moved by being invited to come closer.

xiānshēngshàngqiánzhǐshìjìnzhùleshèngshuǐ xiānshēngshàngqiánzhǐshìjìnzhùleshèngshuǐ

The gentleman would not come forward to engage him either, but simply held him off and would not let the Great Sage draw water.

禁住 takes as jìn, to restrain or bar — not the jīn of enduring. This is the strategic insight of the chapter's antagonist: he cannot beat Wukong and does not try, and denial serves him just as well as victory would.

shèngjiàndòngquè使shǐzuǒshǒulūnzhetiěbàngyòushǒu使shǐdiàotǒng shèngjiàndòngquè使shǐzuǒshǒulūnzhetiěbàngyòushǒu使shǐdiàotǒng

The Great Sage, seeing him not stir, took to whirling the iron rod in his left hand and working the bucket with his right.

掄著 has as zhe. Fighting with one hand and drawing water with the other is a reasonable improvisation, and it is the second thing to fail.

jiāngsuǒzicáidefàngxiàyòulái使shǐgōu jiāngsuǒzicáidefàngxiàyòulái使shǐgōu

He had just let the rope run rattling down when the other came at him with the hook again.

is jiāng, here shoving the object in front of the verb — took the rope and let it down. 突轆轆 imitates a rope running out over a well-head and keeps its ordinary reading.

shèngzhīshǒuchēngchídeyòubèigōugōuzháojiǎochělelóngzhǒngliánsuǒzitōngdiēxiàjǐngle shèngzhīshǒuchēngchídeyòubèigōugōuzháojiǎochělelóngzhǒngliánsuǒzitōngdiēxiàjǐngle

The Great Sage could not hold out with one hand; he was hooked by the foot a second time, was jerked staggering, and rope and all went tumbling down the well.

撐持不得 asks whether he can hold out, so is the light de; 鉤著 is again zháo. 躘踵 is to stagger, with read lóng. This is the third failure and much the worst of the three: the bucket is now at the bottom of the well.

shèngdào:「zhèquèshì。」 shèngdào:「zhèquèshì。」

The Great Sage said, "This fellow really has no manners."

無禮 is the very charge the immortal levelled at him — 不得無禮 — before the fight began. Nine characters of understatement, delivered flat on the ground with the bucket gone.

láishuāngshǒulūnbàngméitóuméiliǎndejiāngshàng láishuāngshǒulūnbàngméitóuméiliǎndejiāngshàng

He scrambled up, whirled the rod in both hands, and went at him striking wildly at head and face.

Both are méi; 打將上去 uses the same pattern as before. 沒頭沒臉 — neither head nor face — is indiscriminate violence, and it is what Wukong falls back on when technique has failed him twice.

xiānshēngránzǒulegǎnyíng xiānshēngránzǒulegǎnyíng

The gentleman ran off as before, not daring to face him.

依然 marks the repetition: he ran off as before. He will not fight and cannot be caught, which leaves the position exactly where it was.

shèngyòuyàoshuǐnàiméiyǒudiàotǒngyòukǒngláigōuchěxīnzhōngànànxiǎngdào:「qiějiàobāngshǒulái。」 shèngyòuyàoshuǐnàiméiyǒudiàotǒngyòukǒngláigōuchěxīnzhōngànànxiǎngdào:「qiějiàobāngshǒulái。」

The Great Sage wanted to go for the water again, but there was no bucket to be had, and he was afraid of being hooked and dragged once more; so he thought to himself in silence, "I had better go and call for a hand."

心中 takes as zhōng; 幫手 takes as bāng — a helper, a pair of hands. The conclusion is reached by elimination, and it is the first time in the chapter that Wukong concedes he cannot do something alone.


總評 Commentary

The passage is a study in an opponent who has understood the terms of the contest better than the hero has. The immortal was routed in open combat one passage ago and has drawn the correct conclusion: he cannot beat Wukong and does not need to. All he has to do is stop a bucket coming up a well. 只是禁住了不許大聖打水 — he simply barred him, and would not let him draw.

The three failures are carefully graded. First the gate is shut, and Wukong kicks it in. Then the gatekeeper lies across the well-curb, and is shouted away. Then the hook takes him by the foot — once, tripping him onto his face; and again while he is trying to fight with one hand and draw with the other, so that the bucket goes down the well with the rope after it. Each obstruction is smaller than the last, and each is more effective.

Wukong's responses degrade in the same proportion. He begins with a kick and a shout, graduates to a threat he cannot execute, tries an improvisation, and ends by whirling the rod two-handed at head and face — 沒頭沒臉 — at a man who simply runs away. Escalating force against an opponent who declines to receive it is the passage's central joke and also its central point.

The last thirty-two characters are the important ones. Wukong wants the water, has no bucket, is wary of the hook, and concludes 且去叫個幫手來 — I had better fetch a hand. It is the first admission in the chapter that he cannot do this by himself, and what he reaches for is not a better weapon or a stronger ally but a second pair of hands to work a rope while he keeps the other man busy. The remedy for the Women's Country turns out to require a division of labour.