Canonical Classics ← 第二十八回
第二十八回
huāguǒshānqúnyāo
hēisōnglínsānzàngféng

At Flower-Fruit Mountain the Host of Fiends Bands Together in Fellowship · In the Black Pine Forest Tripitaka Falls in with a Demon

平擡入洞
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

平擡入洞 The Seizing

zhǎnglǎokànjiànzhèbānyàngxiàdeledào退tuìbiànliǎngtuǐsuānruǎnmángdechōushēn便biànzǒugānggāngzhuǎnleshēnyāodelíngxìngzhuóshíshìqiángchēngkāizheshuāngjīnjīngguǐyǎnjiàoshēng:「xiǎodemenkànménwàishìshénmerén?」xiǎoyāojiùshēntóuwàngménwàikànkànjiànshìguāngtóudezhǎnglǎoliánmángpǎojiāngjìnbàodào:「wángwàimiànshìshànglituántóumiànliǎngěrchuíjiānnènguāguādeshēnròujiāojiāodezhāngqiěshìhǎoshàng。」yāowényánashēngxiàodào:「zhèjiàozuòshétóushàngcāngyíngláideshí』。zhòngxiǎodemenmánggǎnshàngjiāngláizhèchóngchóngyǒushǎng。」xiēxiǎoyāojiùshìfēngyōngshàngsānzàngjiànlesuīshìxīnmángjiànliǎngjiǎozǒufēizhōngshìxīnjīngdǎnchàntuǐruǎnjiǎokuàngqiěshìshānlínshēnerdedòngbèixiēxiǎoyāopíngtáijiāngzhèngshìzhǎnglǎokànjiànzhèbānyàngxiàdeledào退tuìbiànliǎngtuǐsuānruǎnmángdechōushēn便biànzǒugānggāngzhuǎnleshēnyāodelíngxìngzhuóshíshìqiángchēngkāizheshuāngjīnjīngguǐyǎnjiàoshēng:「xiǎodemenkànménwàishìshénmerén?」xiǎoyāojiùshēntóuwàngménwàikànkànjiànshìguāngtóudezhǎnglǎoliánmángpǎojiāngjìnbàodào:「wángwàimiànshìshànglituántóumiànliǎngěrchuíjiānnènguāguādeshēnròujiāojiāodezhāngqiěshìhǎoshàng。」yāowényánashēngxiàodào:「zhèjiàozuòshétóushàngcāngyíngláideshí』。zhòngxiǎodemenmánggǎnshàngjiāngláizhèchóngchóngyǒushǎng。」xiēxiǎoyāojiùshìfēngyōngshàngsānzàngjiànlesuīshìxīnmángjiànliǎngjiǎozǒufēizhōngshìxīnjīngdǎnchàntuǐruǎnjiǎokuàngqiěshìshānlínshēnerdedòngbèixiēxiǎoyāopíngtáijiāngzhèngshì

lóngyóuqiǎnshuǐzāoxiāluòpíngyuánbèiquǎnlóngyóuqiǎnshuǐzāoxiāluòpíngyuánbèiquǎn
zòngránhǎoshìduōzhàngshuíxiàngtángsēng西xiàngshízòngránhǎoshìduōzhàngshuíxiàngtángsēng西xiàngshí

逐句解 Line by line

zhǎnglǎokànjiànzhèbānyàngxiàdeledào退tuìbiànliǎngtuǐsuānruǎnmángdechōushēn便biànzǒu zhǎnglǎokànjiànzhèbānyàngxiàdeledào退tuìbiànliǎngtuǐsuānruǎnmángdechōushēn便biànzǒu

When the elder saw it in such a shape, he was so frightened he stumbled back a step, his whole body gone numb and tingling, both legs weak beneath him, and he hastily turned to slip away.

His body gives out before his mind does — numb all over, legs gone soft. 諕得 takes as xià, frightened, a variant of the usual , and not háo. 倒退 takes as dào, reversed — stepping backwards — which is a different reading from the dǎo of everything that has been toppling over all chapter.

gānggāngzhuǎnleshēnyāodelíngxìngzhuóshíshìqiángchēngkāizheshuāngjīnjīngguǐyǎnjiàoshēng:「xiǎodemenkànménwàishìshénmerén?」 gānggāngzhuǎnleshēnyāodelíngxìngzhuóshíshìqiángchēngkāizheshuāngjīnjīngguǐyǎnjiàoshēng:「xiǎodemenkànménwàishìshénmerén?」

He had just barely turned around when the fiend — whose spirit-sense was truly keen — flung wide a pair of gold-pupiled devil's eyes and cried, “Little ones! See who's outside the door!”

He is caught by the sleeper's senses, not his eyes. 著實 takes zhuó, truly. 金睛鬼眼, gold-pupilled devil's eyes — and gold pupils are what Wukong has too, from the furnace in the early chapters. The demon and the absent protector are given the same eyes. 撐開著 ends in the unstressed zhe; is ; 甚麼 takes shén.

xiǎoyāojiùshēntóuwàngménwàikànkànjiànshìguāngtóudezhǎnglǎoliánmángpǎojiāngjìnbàodào xiǎoyāojiùshēntóuwàngménwàikànkànjiànshìguāngtóudezhǎnglǎoliánmángpǎojiāngjìnbàodào

A little imp poked out its head, took one look outside the door, saw it was a bald-headed elder, and hurried back in to report:

長老 takes zhǎng; 跑將 takes jiāng. What the imp reports first is the bald head.

wángwàimiànshìshànglituántóumiànliǎngěrchuíjiānnènguāguādeshēnròujiāojiāodezhāngqiěshìhǎoshàng。」 wángwàimiànshìshànglituántóumiànliǎngěrchuíjiānnènguāguādeshēnròujiāojiāodezhāngqiěshìhǎoshàng。」

“Great King, outside is a monk. Round-headed, broad-faced, both ears drooping to his shoulders; a body of tender, glistening flesh, a skin fine and delicate — truly a fine monk indeed.”

團頭大面 and 兩耳垂肩 — a round head, a broad face, ears hanging to the shoulders — are the physical marks of a superior being, the same features Buddhist images give the Buddha. The imp reads them correctly and draws the wrong conclusion: it is appraising him the way a cook appraises a fish.

yāowényánashēngxiàodào:「zhèjiàozuòshétóushàngcāngyíngláideshí』。zhòngxiǎodemenmánggǎnshàngjiāngláizhèchóngchóngyǒushǎng。」 yāowényánashēngxiàodào:「zhèjiàozuòshétóushàngcāngyíngláideshí』。zhòngxiǎodemenmánggǎnshàngjiāngláizhèchóngchóngyǒushǎng。」

When the fiend heard it, he laughed aloud: “This is what they call ‘a fly on a snake's head — food and clothing come of themselves.’ You little ones, hurry after him, seize him and bring him to me, and here I'll richly reward you.”

The proverb is the chapter's best: 蛇頭上蒼蠅, 自來的衣食 — a fly on a snake's head is food and clothing that walks up to you. Tripitaka has not been hunted. He has delivered himself. 重重 takes as chóng, layer on layer, hence richly. is ; 拿將 takes jiāng.

xiēxiǎoyāojiùshìfēngyōngshàngsānzàngjiànlesuīshìxīnmángjiànliǎngjiǎozǒufēizhōngshìxīnjīngdǎnchàntuǐruǎnjiǎo xiēxiǎoyāojiùshìfēngyōngshàngsānzàngjiànlesuīshìxīnmángjiànliǎngjiǎozǒufēizhōngshìxīnjīngdǎnchàntuǐruǎnjiǎo

Those little imps swarmed up all at once like a nest of bees. Tripitaka, seeing them, though his heart raced like an arrow and his two feet flew, was after all terror-struck and trembling, his legs weak and his feet numb;

一窩蜂 — the swarm of bees again, and this time written with the bee, , where the monkeys' swarm a few passages back was written with the mountain-peak character. Same phrase, same sound, two spellings in one chapter, both encoded as the edition has them. 忙似箭 takes as ; 三藏 takes zàng.

kuàngqiěshìshānlínshēnerdedòngbèixiēxiǎoyāopíngtáijiāngzhèngshì kuàngqiěshìshānlínshēnerdedòngbèixiēxiǎoyāopíngtáijiāngzhèngshì

and what was more, the mountain road was rough, the wood deep, the day at dusk — how could his steps move at all? So the little imps bore him off bodily. It was just as the saying goes:

平擡將去 is carried off flat — lifted bodily, like furniture. He never gets to struggle. 步兒 ends in the curled er; 那裡 takes , how on earth; 那些 takes ; 移得動 takes the unstressed de; 擡將 takes jiāng.

lóngyóuqiǎnshuǐzāoxiāluòpíngyuánbèiquǎn lóngyóuqiǎnshuǐzāoxiāluòpíngyuánbèiquǎn

A dragon adrift in shallows is toyed with by the shrimp; a tiger fallen to the flats is bullied by the hounds.

龍遊淺水遭蝦戲, 虎落平原被犬欺 — a dragon in the shallows is toyed with by shrimp, a tiger down on the flats is bullied by dogs. Still a live saying in Chinese, and still used for exactly this: the powerful stranded outside their element and at the mercy of the trivial. Here the shrimp are imps and the dragon is a monk with no magic at all.

zòngránhǎoshìduōzhàngshuíxiàngtángsēng西xiàngshí zòngránhǎoshìduōzhàngshuíxiàngtángsēng西xiàngshí

Though good works meet with many a trial and block, who has known such as the Tang Monk in his westward hour?

好事多磨 — good things meet many grindings — is one of the most-used four-word sayings in the language, the Chinese equivalent of the course of true love never running smooth. In this book it is not a consolation but the actual architecture: the eighty-one ordeals are not obstacles to the journey, they are the journey.


總評 Commentary

The seizing turns entirely on the party being scattered. Tripitaka's terror is bodily and complete — numb, trembling, legs failing under him — and against a swarm of imps in a darkening wood he has nothing, because the two disciples who could have scattered them are ten li and more away to the west. The narrator underlines it with the proverb of the stranded dragon and the fallen tiger: power out of its element is at the mercy of whatever is small and local.

The closing couplet reframes the disaster as doctrine. Good works meet with many a grinding is the structural principle of the whole pilgrimage, and the rhetorical question that follows both laments the master's suffering and dignifies it. On the surface the capture is a catastrophe. In the logic of the quest it is a station he was always going to have to pass.