Canonical Classics ← 第二十回
第二十回
黃huáng風fēng嶺lǐng唐táng僧sēng有yǒu難nàn
半bàn山shān中zhōng八bā戒jiè爭zhēng先xiān

On Yellow Wind Ridge the Tang Monk Meets Adversity · Halfway Up the Mountain Bajie Strives for the Lead

石崖之下聳出洞府
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

石崖之下聳出洞府 A Cave Rises Beneath the Cliff

他tā兩liǎng個gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng，穿chuān崗gāng越yuè嶺lǐng，行xíng夠gòu多duō時shí，只zhǐ見jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià聳sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。兩liǎng人rén定dìng步bù觀guān瞻zhān，果guǒ然rán兇xiōng險xiǎn。但dàn見jiàn那nà：他tā两liǎng个gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng，穿chuān岗gāng越yuè岭lǐng，行xíng够gòu多duō时shí，只zhǐ见jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià耸sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。两liǎng人rén定dìng步bù观guān瞻zhān，果guǒ然rán凶xiōng险xiǎn。但dàn见jiàn那nà：

疊dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng，迴huí巒luán古gǔ道dào。叠dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng，回huí峦luán古gǔ道dào。
青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī，綠lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī，绿lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。
崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí雙shuāng雙shuāng，林lín內nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín對duì對duì。崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí双shuāng双shuāng，林lín内nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín对duì对duì。
澗jiàn水shuǐ遠yuǎn流liú沖chōng石shí壁bì，山shān泉quán細xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。涧jiàn水shuǐ远yuǎn流liú冲chōng石shí壁bì，山shān泉quán细xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。
野yě雲yún片piàn片piàn，瑤yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。野yě云yún片piàn片piàn，瑶yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。
妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù亂luàn攛cuān梭suō，角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齊qí鬥dòu勇yǒng。妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù乱luàn撺cuān梭suō，角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齐qí斗dòu勇yǒng。
劈pī崖yá斜xié掛guà萬wàn年nián籐téng，深shēn壑hè半bàn懸xuán千qiān歲suì柏bǎi。劈pī崖yá斜xié挂guà万wàn年nián籐téng，深shēn壑hè半bàn悬xuán千qiān岁suì柏bǎi。
奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī華huá嶽yuè，落luò花huā啼tí鳥niǎo賽sài天tiān臺tái。奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī华huá岳yuè，落luò花huā啼tí鸟niǎo赛sài天tiān台tái。

逐句解 Line by line

他tā兩liǎng個gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng，穿chuān崗gāng越yuè嶺lǐng，行xíng夠gòu多duō時shí，只zhǐ見jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià聳sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。 他tā两liǎng个gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng，穿chuān岗gāng越yuè岭lǐng，行xíng够gòu多duō时shí，只zhǐ见jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià耸sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。

The two of them plunged into the mountain, crossed hummock and ridge, and after a good long march they saw, beneath a stone cliff, a cave-dwelling rising up.

穿崗越嶺: 崗 is gāng, a low hill, per the ruling of ch. 17; pypinyin defaults to gǎng. 聳出, to thrust up — a cave described as though it were a peak.

兩liǎng人rén定dìng步bù觀guān瞻zhān，果guǒ然rán兇xiōng險xiǎn。但dàn見jiàn那nà： 两liǎng人rén定dìng步bù观guān瞻zhān，果guǒ然rán凶xiōng险xiǎn。但dàn见jiàn那nà：

The two halted and looked their fill, and truly the place was fearful. Behold:

定步觀瞻, to halt one's step and gaze. The lead-in 但見那： stays with the prose segment.

疊dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng，迴huí巒luán古gǔ道dào。 叠dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng，回huí峦luán古gǔ道dào。

Piled barriers and pointed peaks; winding ranges and an ancient road.

A second 賦, and shorter and quieter than the first. It opens on two four-graph pairs rather than on the parallel copulas of block 14.

青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī，綠lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。 青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī，绿lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。

Green pines and emerald bamboo, soft and drooping; willows and dark paulownia, slow and swaying.

依依 and 冉冉: the reduplications here are those of gentle motion, not of noise. The mountain of the earlier rhapsody roared; the mountain outside the demon's door merely sways.

崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí雙shuāng雙shuāng，林lín內nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín對duì對duì。 崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí双shuāng双shuāng，林lín内nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín对duì对duì。

Before the cliff, strange rocks stand two and two; within the wood, hidden birds are paired and paired.

雙雙, 對對 — everything before the cave comes in pairs, which is a fine irony to place at the door of a place where a party of three has just become two.

澗jiàn水shuǐ遠yuǎn流liú沖chōng石shí壁bì，山shān泉quán細xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。 涧jiàn水shuǐ远yuǎn流liú冲chōng石shí壁bì，山shān泉quán细xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。

The ravine's water runs far and dashes on the rock wall; the mountain spring drips fine and floods the sandy dyke.

沖石壁 against 漫沙堤: far and near, violent and gentle, in one couplet.

野yě雲yún片piàn片piàn，瑤yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。 野yě云yún片piàn片piàn，瑶yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。

Wild clouds in flakes; magic herbs thick and green.

Four graphs and four graphs. 瑤草, the jade-herbs of the immortals' garden — the vocabulary of paradise, at a fiend's gate.

妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù亂luàn攛cuān梭suō，角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齊qí鬥dòu勇yǒng。 妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù乱luàn撺cuān梭suō，角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齐qí斗dòu勇yǒng。

Fiend-foxes and cunning hares shuttle to and fro; antlered deer and musk-deer contend together in valor.

攛梭, to dart like a weaver's shuttle; 攛 is cuān, per ch. 17. The verse has moved from paired birds to hares and foxes, and from stillness to contention.

劈pī崖yá斜xié掛guà萬wàn年nián籐téng，深shēn壑hè半bàn懸xuán千qiān歲suì柏bǎi。 劈pī崖yá斜xié挂guà万wàn年nián籐téng，深shēn壑hè半bàn悬xuán千qiān岁suì柏bǎi。

Split cliffs hang aslant with vines ten thousand years old; deep gullies bear, half suspended, cypresses a thousand years old.

萬年籐 and 千歲柏 — the age of the place, stated twice. Compare the thousand-zhàng cliff and ten-thousand-zhàng crag of the first rhapsody.

奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī華huá嶽yuè，落luò花huā啼tí鳥niǎo賽sài天tiān臺tái。 奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī华huá岳yuè，落luò花huā啼tí鸟niǎo赛sài天tiān台tái。

Towering and lofty, it puts Mount Hua to shame; with falling blossom and crying birds it outdoes Mount Tiantai.

華嶽 is Mount Hua, the Western Marchmount; 天臺 is the Tiantai range, home of the Lotus Sutra school. The rhapsody ends by ranking a demon's doorstep above the two most sacred mountains of its two religions, which is either flattery or blasphemy and is certainly a joke.

總評 Commentary

Ninety-eight graphs of scenery, and every image of it is doubled. Rocks stand 雙雙, birds sit 對對; pines and bamboo, willow and paulownia, cliff and gully, vine and cypress. The rhapsody is built entirely out of pairs, and it is being looked at by two pilgrims who have just lost the third of their number.

The last couplet is worth pausing over. 奕奕巍巍欺華嶽，落花啼鳥賽天臺 — this place shames Mount Hua and outdoes Tiantai. Those are the holy mountains of Daoism and of the Lotus school respectively, and the rhapsody awards the prize to the front door of a cannibal. The novel does this often, and never with a wink; the beauty of the demon's mountain is not ironic, it is simply true, and the reader is left to make what he can of the fact.