Canonical Classics ← 第二十回
第二十回
黃huáng風fēng嶺lǐng唐táng僧sēng有yǒu難nàn
半bàn山shān中zhōng八bā戒jiè爭zhēng先xiān

On Yellow Wind Ridge the Tang Monk Meets Adversity · Halfway Up the Mountain Bajie Strives for the Lead

石崖之下聳出洞府
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

石崖之下聳出洞府 A Cave Rises Beneath the Cliff

他tā兩liǎng個gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng,穿chuān崗gāng越yuè嶺lǐng,行xíng夠gòu多duō時shí,只zhǐ見jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià聳sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。兩liǎng人rén定dìng步bù觀guān瞻zhān,果guǒ然rán兇xiōng險xiǎn。但dàn見jiàn那nà:他tā两liǎng个gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng,穿chuān岗gāng越yuè岭lǐng,行xíng够gòu多duō时shí,只zhǐ见jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià耸sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。两liǎng人rén定dìng步bù观guān瞻zhān,果guǒ然rán凶xiōng险xiǎn。但dàn见jiàn那nà:

疊dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng,迴huí巒luán古gǔ道dào。叠dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng,回huí峦luán古gǔ道dào。
青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī,綠lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī,绿lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。
崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí雙shuāng雙shuāng,林lín內nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín對duì對duì。崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí双shuāng双shuāng,林lín内nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín对duì对duì。
澗jiàn水shuǐ遠yuǎn流liú沖chōng石shí壁bì,山shān泉quán細xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。涧jiàn水shuǐ远yuǎn流liú冲chōng石shí壁bì,山shān泉quán细xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。
野yě雲yún片piàn片piàn,瑤yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。野yě云yún片piàn片piàn,瑶yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。
妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù亂luàn攛cuān梭suō,角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齊qí鬥dòu勇yǒng。妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù乱luàn撺cuān梭suō,角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齐qí斗dòu勇yǒng。
劈pī崖yá斜xié掛guà萬wàn年nián籐téng,深shēn壑hè半bàn懸xuán千qiān歲suì柏bǎi。劈pī崖yá斜xié挂guà万wàn年nián籐téng,深shēn壑hè半bàn悬xuán千qiān岁suì柏bǎi。
奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī華huá嶽yuè,落luò花huā啼tí鳥niǎo賽sài天tiān臺tái。奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī华huá岳yuè,落luò花huā啼tí鸟niǎo赛sài天tiān台tái。

逐句解 Line by line

他tā兩liǎng個gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng,穿chuān崗gāng越yuè嶺lǐng,行xíng夠gòu多duō時shí,只zhǐ見jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià聳sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。 他tā两liǎng个gè果guǒ奔bēn入rù山shān中zhōng,穿chuān岗gāng越yuè岭lǐng,行xíng够gòu多duō时shí,只zhǐ见jiàn那nà石shí崖yá之zhī下xià耸sǒng出chū一yí座zuò洞dòng府fǔ。

The two of them plunged into the mountain, crossed hummock and ridge, and after a good long march they saw, beneath a stone cliff, a cave-dwelling rising up.

穿崗越嶺: 崗 is gāng, a low hill, per the ruling of chapter 17; the automatic reading gives gǎng. 聳出, to thrust up — a cave described as though it were a peak.

兩liǎng人rén定dìng步bù觀guān瞻zhān,果guǒ然rán兇xiōng險xiǎn。但dàn見jiàn那nà: 两liǎng人rén定dìng步bù观guān瞻zhān,果guǒ然rán凶xiōng险xiǎn。但dàn见jiàn那nà:

The two halted and looked their fill, and truly the place was fearful. Behold:

定步觀瞻, to halt your step and gaze. The cue 但見那: stays with the prose segment.

疊dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng,迴huí巒luán古gǔ道dào。 叠dié障zhàng尖jiān峰fēng,回huí峦luán古gǔ道dào。

Piled barriers and pointed peaks; winding ranges and an ancient road.

A second 賦, and shorter and quieter than the mountain rhapsody earlier in the chapter. It opens on two four-character pairs rather than on that one's run of "high is the… sheer is the…" constructions.

青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī,綠lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。 青qīng松sōng翠cuì竹zhú依yī依yī,绿lǜ柳liǔ碧bì梧wú冉rǎn冉rǎn。

Green pines and emerald bamboo, soft and drooping; willows and dark paulownia, slow and swaying.

依依 and 冉冉: the doublings here are of gentle motion, not of noise. The earlier mountain roared; the mountain outside the demon's door merely sways.

崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí雙shuāng雙shuāng,林lín內nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín對duì對duì。 崖yá前qián有yǒu怪guài石shí双shuāng双shuāng,林lín内nèi有yǒu幽yōu禽qín对duì对duì。

Before the cliff, strange rocks stand two and two; within the wood, hidden birds are paired and paired.

雙雙, 對對 — everything in front of the cave comes in pairs, which is a fine piece of irony to place at the door of a spot where a party of three has just become two.

澗jiàn水shuǐ遠yuǎn流liú沖chōng石shí壁bì,山shān泉quán細xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。 涧jiàn水shuǐ远yuǎn流liú冲chōng石shí壁bì,山shān泉quán细xì滴dī漫màn沙shā堤dī。

The ravine's water runs far and dashes on the rock wall; the mountain spring drips fine and floods the sandy dyke.

沖石壁 against 漫沙堤: far and near, violent and gentle, inside one couplet.

野yě雲yún片piàn片piàn,瑤yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。 野yě云yún片piàn片piàn,瑶yáo草cǎo芊qiān芊qiān。

Wild clouds in flakes; magic herbs thick and green.

Four characters and four characters. 瑤草, the jade-herbs of the immortals' garden — paradise vocabulary, at a fiend's gate.

妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù亂luàn攛cuān梭suō,角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齊qí鬥dòu勇yǒng。 妖yāo狐hú狡jiǎo兔tù乱luàn撺cuān梭suō,角jiǎo鹿lù香xiāng獐zhāng齐qí斗dòu勇yǒng。

Fiend-foxes and cunning hares shuttle to and fro; antlered deer and musk-deer contend together in valor.

攛梭, to dart to and fro like a weaver's shuttle; 攛 is cuān, per chapter 17. The verse has moved from paired birds to hares and foxes, and from stillness to contention.

劈pī崖yá斜xié掛guà萬wàn年nián籐téng,深shēn壑hè半bàn懸xuán千qiān歲suì柏bǎi。 劈pī崖yá斜xié挂guà万wàn年nián籐téng,深shēn壑hè半bàn悬xuán千qiān岁suì柏bǎi。

Split cliffs hang aslant with vines ten thousand years old; deep gullies bear, half suspended, cypresses a thousand years old.

萬年籐 and 千歲柏 — the age of the place, stated twice. Compare the thousand-zhàng cliff and ten-thousand-zhàng crag of the first rhapsody; a 丈 ran to roughly three metres.

奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī華huá嶽yuè,落luò花huā啼tí鳥niǎo賽sài天tiān臺tái。 奕yì奕yì巍wēi巍wēi欺qī华huá岳yuè,落luò花huā啼tí鸟niǎo赛sài天tiān台tái。

Towering and lofty, it puts Mount Hua to shame; with falling blossom and crying birds it outdoes Mount Tiantai.

華嶽 is Mount Hua, the Western Marchmount; 天臺 is the Tiantai range, home of the school that takes the Lotus Sutra as its centre. The rhapsody ends by ranking a demon's doorstep above the holiest mountain of each of the two religions in play, which is either flattery or blasphemy and is certainly a joke.


總評 Commentary

Ninety-eight characters of scenery, and every image in it is doubled. Rocks stand 雙雙, birds sit 對對; pines and bamboo, willow and paulownia, cliff and gully, vine and cypress. The rhapsody is built entirely out of pairs — and it is being looked at by two pilgrims who have just lost the third of their number.

The last couplet is worth pausing on. 奕奕巍巍欺華嶽,落花啼鳥賽天臺 — this place shames Mount Hua and outdoes Tiantai. Those are the holy mountains of the Daoists and of the Lotus school respectively, and the rhapsody awards the prize to a cannibal's front door. The novel does this often, and never with a wink. The beauty of the demon's mountain is not ironic; it is simply true, and the reader is left to make of that what he can.