Canonical Classics ← 第九十六回
第九十六回
寇kòu員yuán外wài喜xǐ待dài高gāo僧sēng
唐táng長zhǎng老lǎo不bù貪tān富fù貴guì

Squire Kou Gladly Entertains the Eminent Monk · The Tang Elder Is Not Greedy for Wealth and Rank

壽山福海
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

壽山福海 Hills of Longevity, Seas of Blessing

但dàn見jiàn那nà:但dàn见jiàn那nà:

簾lián幕mù高gāo掛guà,屏píng圍wéi四sì繞rào。帘lián幕mù高gāo挂guà,屏píng围wéi四sì绕rào。
正zhèng中zhōng間jiān掛guà一yì幅fú壽shòu山shān福fú海hǎi之zhī圖tú,兩liǎng壁bì廂xiāng列liè四sì軸zhóu春chūn夏xià秋qiū冬dōng之zhī景jǐng。正zhèng中zhōng间jiān挂guà一yì幅fú寿shòu山shān福fú海hǎi之zhī图tú,两liǎng壁bì厢xiāng列liè四sì轴zhóu春chūn夏xià秋qiū冬dōng之zhī景jǐng。
龍lóng文wén鼎dǐng內nèi香xiāng飄piāo靄ǎi,鵲què尾wěi爐lú中zhōng瑞ruì氣qì生shēng。龙lóng文wén鼎dǐng内nèi香xiāng飘piāo霭ǎi,鹊què尾wěi炉lú中zhōng瑞ruì气qì生shēng。
看kàn盤pán簇cù彩cǎi,寶bǎo妝zhuāng花huā色sè色sè鮮xiān明míng;看kàn盘pán簇cù彩cǎi,宝bǎo妆zhuāng花huā色sè色sè鲜xiān明míng;
排pái桌zhuō堆duī金jīn,獅shī仙xiān糖táng齊qí齊qí擺bǎi列liè。排pái桌zhuō堆duī金jīn,狮shī仙xiān糖táng齐qí齐qí摆bǎi列liè。
階jiē前qián鼓gǔ舞wǔ按àn宮gōng商shāng,堂táng上shàng果guǒ餚yáo鋪pū錦jǐn繡xiù。阶jiē前qián鼓gǔ舞wǔ按àn宫gōng商shāng,堂táng上shàng果guǒ肴yáo铺pū锦jǐn绣xiù。
素sù湯tāng素sù飯fàn甚shèn清qīng奇qí,香xiāng酒jiǔ香xiāng茶chá多duō美měi艷yàn。素sù汤tāng素sù饭fàn甚shèn清qīng奇qí,香xiāng酒jiǔ香xiāng茶chá多duō美měi艳yàn。
雖suī然rán是shì百bǎi姓xìng之zhī家jiā,卻què不bú亞yà王wáng侯hóu之zhī宅zhái。虽suī然rán是shì百bǎi姓xìng之zhī家jiā,却què不bú亚yà王wáng侯hóu之zhī宅zhái。
只zhǐ聽tīng得dé一yí片piàn歡huān聲shēng,真zhēn個gè也yě驚jīng天tiān動dòng地dì。只zhǐ听tīng得dé一yí片piàn欢huān声shēng,真zhēn个gè也yě惊jīng天tiān动dòng地dì。

逐句解 Line by line

但dàn見jiàn那nà: 但dàn见jiàn那nà:

And this is what was there:

但見那 — the last cue in the chapter, and the fourth time these three characters have stopped the story to make room for a set-piece. It stands as its own short unit in the edition, which is why it is its own segment here rather than being folded into the sentence in front of it.

簾lián幕mù高gāo掛guà,屏píng圍wéi四sì繞rào。 帘lián幕mù高gāo挂guà,屏píng围wéi四sì绕rào。

Curtains hung high; screens standing all around.

The fourth and last of the chapter's long descriptive pieces, and it opens the way the other three did — flat, no verbs, furniture first. By now the reader knows the shape and can feel the room being built.

正zhèng中zhōng間jiān掛guà一yì幅fú壽shòu山shān福fú海hǎi之zhī圖tú,兩liǎng壁bì廂xiāng列liè四sì軸zhóu春chūn夏xià秋qiū冬dōng之zhī景jǐng。 正zhèng中zhōng间jiān挂guà一yì幅fú寿shòu山shān福fú海hǎi之zhī图tú,两liǎng壁bì厢xiāng列liè四sì轴zhóu春chūn夏xià秋qiū冬dōng之zhī景jǐng。

In the very middle hung a painting of the Hill of Longevity and the Sea of Blessing; along the two walls were ranged four scrolls of the four seasons.

壽山福海 — long life like the hills, blessing like the sea — is a set phrase for a birthday or a celebration, and hanging it in the middle of the room tells every guest what the occasion is supposed to be. And it is not, strictly, what the occasion is. This is a farewell for a man who wants to leave. Kou Hong has dressed his hall for a celebration of long life, which is what he was buying with the Medicine Buddha's lamps three days ago.

龍lóng文wén鼎dǐng內nèi香xiāng飄piāo靄ǎi,鵲què尾wěi爐lú中zhōng瑞ruì氣qì生shēng。 龙lóng文wén鼎dǐng内nèi香xiāng飘piāo霭ǎi,鹊què尾wěi炉lú中zhōng瑞ruì气qì生shēng。

In the dragon-figured tripod, incense drifted in mist; in the magpie-tail censer, lucky vapour rose.

鵲尾爐 — the magpie-tail censer — is a real object: a handled incense burner with a long tapering grip, named for the shape. It occurs once in the whole novel, and so does the dragon-figured tripod beside it. Both are the kind of thing a household brings out for show.

看kàn盤pán簇cù彩cǎi,寶bǎo妝zhuāng花huā色sè色sè鮮xiān明míng; 看kàn盘pán簇cù彩cǎi,宝bǎo妆zhuāng花huā色sè色sè鲜xiān明míng;

Display plates clustered with colour, jewelled ornaments bright in every shade;

看盤 means a look-at plate — food arranged to be admired rather than eaten, set at the front of a formal table. The word says so outright, which is more honest than most cuisines manage.

排pái桌zhuō堆duī金jīn,獅shī仙xiān糖táng齊qí齊qí擺bǎi列liè。 排pái桌zhuō堆duī金jīn,狮shī仙xiān糖táng齐qí齐qí摆bǎi列liè。

tables ranged and heaped with gold, sugar lions and sugar immortals set out in their rows.

獅仙糖 are sugar sculptures — lions and immortals moulded in sugar and set along a banquet table. They are not the novelist's invention: moulded sugar figures were a standard luxury at Ming feasts, made by specialists and displayed rather than eaten. So the two lines together are about display, twice over. Food to be looked at, and then sculpture made of food. This is the most expensive thing in the chapter and none of it is dinner.

階jiē前qián鼓gǔ舞wǔ按àn宮gōng商shāng,堂táng上shàng果guǒ餚yáo鋪pū錦jǐn繡xiù。 阶jiē前qián鼓gǔ舞wǔ按àn宫gōng商shāng,堂táng上shàng果guǒ肴yáo铺pū锦jǐn绣xiù。

Before the steps, drumming and dancing keeping to the notes; in the hall, fruit and dishes spread out like brocade.

宮商 are the first two notes of the old five-note scale, used together as shorthand for music in tune. The previous chapter had all five of them in a row and two of the five were read wrong — a phrase found once in the whole book, which slipped past every automatic check and was caught by reading the line. These two are the safe end of the same set. 鋪錦繡 — spread like brocade — is the fifth and last of the chapter's five verbs that the plain reading keeps turning into a shop.

素sù湯tāng素sù飯fàn甚shèn清qīng奇qí,香xiāng酒jiǔ香xiāng茶chá多duō美měi艷yàn。 素sù汤tāng素sù饭fàn甚shèn清qīng奇qí,香xiāng酒jiǔ香xiāng茶chá多duō美měi艳yàn。

Plain soup and plain rice, remarkably fine; fragrant wine and fragrant tea, and much that was lovely.

Wine, at a meatless feast for Buddhist monks. The rule forbids it, and the line puts it in a matched pair with tea as though there were nothing to discuss. It is probably formula rather than scandal — wine and tea go together in this kind of verse the way salt and pepper do — but the chapter has already hired Daoist priests for a Buddhist send-off and had a hermit's fly-whisk hanging in the sutra hall. This household's holiness is not tidy, and the book keeps declining to tidy it.

雖suī然rán是shì百bǎi姓xìng之zhī家jiā,卻què不bú亞yà王wáng侯hóu之zhī宅zhái。 虽suī然rán是shì百bǎi姓xìng之zhī家jiā,却què不bú亚yà王wáng侯hóu之zhī宅zhái。

Though it was only a commoner's house, it fell no way short of a prince's mansion.

雖然是百姓之家,卻不亞王侯之宅 is the line the whole rhapsody exists for, and it is the same claim the first rhapsody made about the chapel: a private man's rooms outdoing the institutions. Said of a chapel it was a compliment about devotion. Said of a banqueting hall it is a statement about money — and the narrator will make that explicit in six characters at the end of the previous passage's night's work.

只zhǐ聽tīng得dé一yí片piàn歡huān聲shēng,真zhēn個gè也yě驚jīng天tiān動dòng地dì。 只zhǐ听tīng得dé一yí片piàn欢huān声shēng,真zhēn个gè也yě惊jīng天tiān动dòng地dì。

Nothing to be heard but one great wave of merriment — truly enough to shake heaven and earth.

The rhapsody ends on sound, exactly as the first one did. There the last line was a single stroke on a chime and the note hanging in the air. Here it is a hall full of people making a noise loud enough to shake the world. The two endings are as far apart as the chapter can put them, and they are describing rooms in the same house, a fortnight apart. Something has changed about what Kou Hong's generosity sounds like.


總評 Commentary

The last of the four set-pieces, and the most expensive. Curtains, screens, a longevity painting, four seasonal scrolls, two named censers, display plates, sugar sculptures, a band, and wine — in a room the chapter has not bothered to mention until now.

Read it against the chapel rhapsody eight hundred characters back and the shape of the chapter comes clear. Both end by saying a private man's room outdoes the great establishments. But the chapel ended on one struck chime and a note left hanging, and this one ends on a hall roaring loud enough to shake heaven and earth.

And what is hanging in the middle of it is a picture of long life. That is what Kou Hong has been buying all along — with the lamps three days ago, with twenty-four years of meals, with a ledger four names short. He has dressed his farewell as a birthday.