Canonical Classics ← 第五十五回
第五十五回
色sè邪xié淫yín戲xì唐táng三sān藏zàng
性xìng正zhèng修xiū持chí不bú壞huài身shēn

A Lustful Fiend Toys Wantonly with Tang Tripitaka · His Nature Upright, He Holds to His Cultivation and Keeps the Indestructible Body

雙冠公雞
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

雙冠公雞 The Great Double-Combed Cock

那nà妖yāo怪guài趕gǎn過guò石shí屏píng之zhī後hòu,行xíng者zhě叫jiào聲shēng:「昴mǎo宿xiù何hé在zài?」只zhǐ見jiàn那nà星xīng官guān立lì於yú山shān坡pō之zhī上shàng,現xiàn出chū本běn相xiàng,原yuán來lái是shì一yì隻zhī雙shuāng冠guān子zi大dà公gōng雞jī,昂áng起qǐ頭tóu來lái,約yuē有yǒu六liù七qī尺chǐ高gāo,對duì著zhe妖yāo怪guài叫jiào了le一yì聲shēng。那nà怪guài即jí時shí就jiù現xiàn了le本běn相xiàng,原yuán來lái是shì個gè琵pí琶pá來lái大dà小xiǎo的de一yí個gè蝎xiē子zi精jīng。這zhè星xīng官guān再zài叫jiào一yì聲shēng,那nà怪guài渾hún身shēn酥sū軟ruǎn,死sǐ在zài坡pō前qián。有yǒu詩shī為wéi證zhèng。詩shī曰yuē:那nà妖yāo怪guài赶gǎn过guò石shí屏píng之zhī后hòu,行xíng者zhě叫jiào声shēng:「昴mǎo宿xiù何hé在zài?」只zhǐ见jiàn那nà星xīng官guān立lì于yú山shān坡pō之zhī上shàng,现xiàn出chū本běn相xiàng,原yuán来lái是shì一yì只zhī双shuāng冠guān子zi大dà公gōng鸡jī,昂áng起qǐ头tóu来lái,约yuē有yǒu六liù七qī尺chǐ高gāo,对duì着zhe妖yāo怪guài叫jiào了le一yì声shēng。那nà怪guài即jí时shí就jiù现xiàn了le本běn相xiàng,原yuán来lái是shì个gè琵pí琶pá来lái大dà小xiǎo的de一yí个gè蝎xiē子zi精jīng。这zhè星xīng官guān再zài叫jiào一yì声shēng,那nà怪guài浑hún身shēn酥sū软ruǎn,死sǐ在zài坡pō前qián。有yǒu诗shī为wéi证zhèng。诗shī曰yuē:

花huā冠guān繡xiù頸jǐng若ruò團tuán纓yīng,爪zhǎo硬yìng距jù長cháng目mù怒nù睛jīng。花huā冠guān绣xiù颈jǐng若ruò团tuán缨yīng,爪zhǎo硬yìng距jù长cháng目mù怒nù睛jīng。
踴yǒng躍yuè雄xióng威wēi全quán五wǔ德dé,崢zhēng嶸róng壯zhuàng勢shì羨xiàn三sān鳴míng。踊yǒng跃yuè雄xióng威wēi全quán五wǔ德dé,峥zhēng嵘róng壮zhuàng势shì羡xiàn三sān鸣míng。
豈qǐ如rú凡fán鳥niǎo啼tí茅máo屋wū,本běn是shì天tiān星xīng顯xiǎn聖shèng名míng。岂qǐ如rú凡fán鸟niǎo啼tí茅máo屋wū,本běn是shì天tiān星xīng显xiǎn圣shèng名míng。
毒dú蝎xiē枉wǎng修xiū人rén道dào行xíng,還huán原yuán反fǎn本běn見jiàn真zhēn形xíng。毒dú蝎xiē枉wǎng修xiū人rén道dào行xíng,还huán原yuán反fǎn本běn见jiàn真zhēn形xíng。

逐句解 Line by line

那nà妖yāo怪guài趕gǎn過guò石shí屏píng之zhī後hòu,行xíng者zhě叫jiào聲shēng:「昴mǎo宿xiù何hé在zài?」 那nà妖yāo怪guài赶gǎn过guò石shí屏píng之zhī后hòu,行xíng者zhě叫jiào声shēng:「昴mǎo宿xiù何hé在zài?」

When the fiend had chased them past the stone screen, Pilgrim called out, “Where is the Mao mansion?”

昴宿 takes 宿 as xiù, the lunar mansion, agreeing with the poem in the preceding block. Note what Pilgrim actually shouts for: the constellation, not the officer.

只zhǐ見jiàn那nà星xīng官guān立lì於yú山shān坡pō之zhī上shàng,現xiàn出chū本běn相xiàng,原yuán來lái是shì一yì隻zhī雙shuāng冠guān子zi大dà公gōng雞jī,昂áng起qǐ頭tóu來lái,約yuē有yǒu六liù七qī尺chǐ高gāo,對duì著zhe妖yāo怪guài叫jiào了le一yì聲shēng。 只zhǐ见jiàn那nà星xīng官guān立lì于yú山shān坡pō之zhī上shàng,现xiàn出chū本běn相xiàng,原yuán来lái是shì一yì只zhī双shuāng冠guān子zi大dà公gōng鸡jī,昂áng起qǐ头tóu来lái,约yuē有yǒu六liù七qī尺chǐ高gāo,对duì着zhe妖yāo怪guài叫jiào了le一yì声shēng。

And there stood the Star Officer upon the slope, showing his true form — which proved to be a great double-combed cock. It lifted its head, standing some six or seven chǐ high, and crowed once at the fiend.

尺 is romanised rather than converted, by the standing policy on Chinese measures: a chǐ is roughly a foot, but it is not a foot, and giving it an English name would import a measurement the text does not make. 本相 takes 相 as xiàng, and 對著 is the ongoing-action zhe.

那nà怪guài即jí時shí就jiù現xiàn了le本běn相xiàng,原yuán來lái是shì個gè琵pí琶pá來lái大dà小xiǎo的de一yí個gè蝎xiē子zi精jīng。 那nà怪guài即jí时shí就jiù现xiàn了le本běn相xiàng,原yuán来lái是shì个gè琵pí琶pá来lái大dà小xiǎo的de一yí个gè蝎xiē子zi精jīng。

At once the fiend showed her own true form, which proved to be a scorpion spirit about the size of a lute.

琵琶來大小 — of the bigness of a lute. And there it is: the cave was named 琵琶洞 in the chapter's third passage, and this is the line that pays it off.

這zhè星xīng官guān再zài叫jiào一yì聲shēng,那nà怪guài渾hún身shēn酥sū軟ruǎn,死sǐ在zài坡pō前qián。有yǒu詩shī為wéi證zhèng。詩shī曰yuē: 这zhè星xīng官guān再zài叫jiào一yì声shēng,那nà怪guài浑hún身shēn酥sū软ruǎn,死sǐ在zài坡pō前qián。有yǒu诗shī为wéi证zhèng。诗shī曰yuē:

The Star Officer crowed a second time, and the fiend went limp in every limb and died there before the slope. There is a poem to prove it. The poem says:

為證 is fixed as a set pair with wéi. The tag runs to two units, the announcement that there is a poem and then the poem's own heading, and both ride with the verse they introduce.

花huā冠guān繡xiù頸jǐng若ruò團tuán纓yīng,爪zhǎo硬yìng距jù長cháng目mù怒nù睛jīng。 花huā冠guān绣xiù颈jǐng若ruò团tuán缨yīng,爪zhǎo硬yìng距jù长cháng目mù怒nù睛jīng。

A flowered comb, an embroidered neck like a coiled tassel; claws hard, spurs long, and an angry glare in the eye.

距長 takes 長 as the adjective cháng, not zhǎng: 爪硬 and 距長 are matched noun-plus-quality pairs, and the first of them is unambiguously an adjective. A 距 is the spur on a cock's leg.

踴yǒng躍yuè雄xióng威wēi全quán五wǔ德dé,崢zhēng嶸róng壯zhuàng勢shì羨xiàn三sān鳴míng。 踊yǒng跃yuè雄xióng威wēi全quán五wǔ德dé,峥zhēng嵘róng壮zhuàng势shì羡xiàn三sān鸣míng。

Leaping in manly majesty, complete in the Five Virtues; towering in strength and bearing, envied for its three crowings.

五德 are the five virtues traditionally read into the cock, and they are worth having in full: civil grace in its comb, martial bearing in its spurs, courage in a fight, kindness in calling the hens to food, and good faith in keeping the hours.

豈qǐ如rú凡fán鳥niǎo啼tí茅máo屋wū,本běn是shì天tiān星xīng顯xiǎn聖shèng名míng。 岂qǐ如rú凡fán鸟niǎo啼tí茅máo屋wū,本běn是shì天tiān星xīng显xiǎn圣shèng名míng。

How should it be as a common bird that cries above a thatched roof? It is in truth a star of heaven, making its holy name manifest.

The couplet sets the barnyard fowl against the constellation, which is the whole conceit of the poem — and the whole solution to the chapter.

毒dú蝎xiē枉wǎng修xiū人rén道dào行xíng,還huán原yuán反fǎn本běn見jiàn真zhēn形xíng。 毒dú蝎xiē枉wǎng修xiū人rén道dào行xíng,还huán原yuán反fǎn本běn见jiàn真zhēn形xíng。

The poisonous scorpion cultivated the human Way in vain; restored to the origin and turned back to the root, she shows her true shape.

人道行 takes 行 as xíng, conduct or practice, as in 修行. The automatic tools give héng here, a reading never licensed anywhere in this corpus; this is the second of the two 行 traps in the chapter, and the character is unguarded, so the reading is supplied by hand. 還原 takes 還 as huán, to return — not the adverb hái. And 枉, wǎng, in vain, is the same character the court of Western Liang used of its own wasted scheming in the chapter's second passage.


總評 Commentary

The answer to the chapter is a rooster. Everything has been tried against this demon — an iron rod that broke heaven, a muckrake, a Bodhisattva who admitted she could not come near — and what kills her is a bird crowing twice. It does not strike her, or bind her, or argue with her. It stands on the slope, lifts its head, and calls; and at the second call she goes limp in every limb and dies. The novel's escalations usually end in a bigger power. This one ends in a natural enemy, and the joke is that the reader could have worked it out from the moment Guanyin named the Mao mansion, whose animal is the cock.

Two revelations arrive together and the second is the quieter. Her true form is a scorpion 琵琶來大小, about the bigness of a lute — and the cave has been called 琵琶洞, Lute Cave, since the pilgrims first read the six characters over its door. The name was never a metaphor. It was a description of the tenant, posted at the entrance, and it has been legible for five thousand characters to anyone who knew what was inside.

The poem spends three of its four couplets on the cock's dignity — the Five Virtues that Chinese tradition reads into the bird, the three crowings, the insistence that this is no common fowl above a thatched roof but a star made manifest. Only the last couplet turns to the scorpion, and its verdict is one word: 枉, in vain. She cultivated the human Way and got nothing by it. Restored to the origin and turned back to the root, she is what she always was, and the poem grants her no more than that.