Canonical Classics ← 第四十回
第四十回
嬰yīng兒ér戲xì化huà禪chán心xīn亂luàn
猿yuán馬mǎ刀dāo圭guī木mù母mǔ空kōng

The Baby, Playing at Transformation, Throws the Chan-Mind into Chaos · Ape and Horse, the Sword-Crucible and Wood-Mother, Come to Naught

登殿辭行
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

登殿辭行 Ascending the Throne, Taking Leave

那nà國guó王wáng苦kǔ讓ràng不bú過guò,只zhǐ得dé上shàng了le寶bǎo殿diàn,南nán面miàn稱chēng孤gū,大dà赦shè天tiān下xià,封fēng贈zèng了le寶bǎo林lín寺sì僧sēng人rén回huí去qù。卻què才cái開kāi東dōng閣gé,筵yán宴yàn唐táng僧sēng。一yí壁bì廂xiāng傳chuán旨zhǐ宣xuān召zhào丹dān青qīng,寫xiě下xià唐táng師shī徒tú四sì位wèi喜xǐ容róng,供gōng養yǎng在zài金jīn鑾luán殿diàn上shàng。那nà師shī徒tú們men安ān了le邦bāng國guó,不bù肯kěn久jiǔ停tíng,欲yù辭cí王wáng駕jià投tóu西xī。那nà皇huáng帝dì與yǔ三sān宮gōng妃fēi后hòu、太tài子zǐ、諸zhū臣chén,將jiāng鎮zhèn國guó的de寶bǎo貝bèi、金jīn銀yín緞duàn帛bó,獻xiàn與yǔ師shī父fù酬chóu恩ēn。那nà三sān藏zàng分fēn毫háo不bú受shòu,只zhǐ是shì倒dào換huàn關guān文wén,催cuī悟wù空kōng等děng背bèi馬mǎ早zǎo行xíng。那nà國guó王wáng甚shén不bú過guò意yì,擺bǎi整zhěng朝cháo鑾luán駕jià請qǐng唐táng僧sēng上shàng坐zuò,著zhuó兩liǎng班bān文wén武wǔ引yǐn導dǎo,他tā與yǔ三sān宮gōng妃fēi后hòu並bìng太tài子zǐ一yì家jiā兒er,捧pěng轂gǔ推tuī輪lún,送sòng出chū城chéng廓kuò,卻què才cái下xià龍lóng輦niǎn,與yǔ眾zhòng相xiāng別bié。國guó王wáng道dào:「師shī父fù啊a,到dào西xī天tiān經jīng回huí之zhī日rì,是shì必bì還hái到dào寡guǎ人rén界jiè內nèi一yí顧gù。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「弟dì子zǐ領lǐng命mìng。」那nà皇huáng帝dì閣gé淚lèi汪wāng汪wāng,遂suì與yǔ眾zhòng臣chén回huí去qù了le。那nà国guó王wáng苦kǔ让ràng不bú过guò,只zhǐ得dé上shàng了le宝bǎo殿diàn,南nán面miàn称chēng孤gū,大dà赦shè天tiān下xià,封fēng赠zèng了le宝bǎo林lín寺sì僧sēng人rén回huí去qù。却què才cái开kāi东dōng阁gé,筵yán宴yàn唐táng僧sēng。一yí壁bì厢xiāng传chuán旨zhǐ宣xuān召zhào丹dān青qīng,写xiě下xià唐táng师shī徒tú四sì位wèi喜xǐ容róng,供gōng养yǎng在zài金jīn銮luán殿diàn上shàng。那nà师shī徒tú们men安ān了le邦bāng国guó,不bù肯kěn久jiǔ停tíng,欲yù辞cí王wáng驾jià投tóu西xī。那nà皇huáng帝dì与yǔ三sān宫gōng妃fēi后hòu、太tài子zǐ、诸zhū臣chén,将jiāng镇zhèn国guó的de宝bǎo贝bèi、金jīn银yín缎duàn帛bó,献xiàn与yǔ师shī父fù酬chóu恩ēn。那nà三sān藏zàng分fēn毫háo不bú受shòu,只zhǐ是shì倒dào换huàn关guān文wén,催cuī悟wù空kōng等děng背bèi马mǎ早zǎo行xíng。那nà国guó王wáng甚shén不bú过guò意yì,摆bǎi整zhěng朝cháo銮luán驾jià请qǐng唐táng僧sēng上shàng坐zuò,着zhuó两liǎng班bān文wén武wǔ引yǐn导dǎo,他tā与yǔ三sān宫gōng妃fēi后hòu并bìng太tài子zǐ一yì家jiā儿er,捧pěng毂gǔ推tuī轮lún,送sòng出chū城chéng廓kuò,却què才cái下xià龙lóng辇niǎn,与yǔ众zhòng相xiāng别bié。国guó王wáng道dào:「师shī父fù啊a,到dào西xī天tiān经jīng回huí之zhī日rì,是shì必bì还hái到dào寡guǎ人rén界jiè内nèi一yí顾gù。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「弟dì子zǐ领lǐng命mìng。」那nà皇huáng帝dì阁gé泪lèi汪wāng汪wāng,遂suì与yǔ众zhòng臣chén回huí去qù了le。


逐句解 Line by line

那nà國guó王wáng苦kǔ讓ràng不bú過guò,只zhǐ得dé上shàng了le寶bǎo殿diàn,南nán面miàn稱chēng孤gū,大dà赦shè天tiān下xià,封fēng贈zèng了le寶bǎo林lín寺sì僧sēng人rén回huí去qù。 那nà国guó王wáng苦kǔ让ràng不bú过guò,只zhǐ得dé上shàng了le宝bǎo殿diàn,南nán面miàn称chēng孤gū,大dà赦shè天tiān下xià,封fēng赠zèng了le宝bǎo林lín寺sì僧sēng人rén回huí去qù。

The king, unable to decline any further despite his earnest pleading, had no choice but to ascend the Precious Hall, face south and style himself sovereign, grant a general amnesty to the realm, and confer honors and rewards on the monks of Precious Grove Monastery before sending them back.

The coronation gets one clause and no ceremony at all. 那國王 takes the pointing nà. 只得, "had no choice but to," is a fixed pair in which 得 keeps its full weight, dé, "to get" — quite distinct from the light de that ran through the dressing scene a moment ago. Facing south is not decoration either: the ruler sat facing south and everyone else faced him, so "to face south" simply means "to reign."

卻què才cái開kāi東dōng閣gé,筵yán宴yàn唐táng僧sēng。 却què才cái开kāi东dōng阁gé,筵yán宴yàn唐táng僧sēng。

Only then did he open the Eastern Hall and set out a banquet in Tripitaka's honor.

筵宴 — to lay on a banquet, here in Tripitaka's honour.

一yí壁bì廂xiāng傳chuán旨zhǐ宣xuān召zhào丹dān青qīng,寫xiě下xià唐táng師shī徒tú四sì位wèi喜xǐ容róng,供gōng養yǎng在zài金jīn鑾luán殿diàn上shàng。 一yí壁bì厢xiāng传chuán旨zhǐ宣xuān召zhào丹dān青qīng,写xiě下xià唐táng师shī徒tú四sì位wèi喜xǐ容róng,供gōng养yǎng在zài金jīn銮luán殿diàn上shàng。

At the same time he sent out an edict summoning portrait-painters, to have the likenesses of the four pilgrims painted and set up for veneration in the Hall of the Golden Bells.

A charming sidelong detail. 丹青 means "cinnabar and blue-green" — the two costliest pigments on a painter's table — and the trade took its name from its materials, the way we might say "the brushes" and mean the artists.

那nà師shī徒tú們men安ān了le邦bāng國guó,不bù肯kěn久jiǔ停tíng,欲yù辭cí王wáng駕jià投tóu西xī。 那nà师shī徒tú们men安ān了le邦bāng国guó,不bù肯kěn久jiǔ停tíng,欲yù辞cí王wáng驾jià投tóu西xī。

The master and his disciples, having settled the realm, were unwilling to linger long, and wished to take leave of the royal presence and press on westward.

Business concluded, they will not linger. 那師徒們 takes the pointing nà.

那nà皇huáng帝dì與yǔ三sān宮gōng妃fēi后hòu、太tài子zǐ、諸zhū臣chén,將jiāng鎮zhèn國guó的de寶bǎo貝bèi、金jīn銀yín緞duàn帛bó,獻xiàn與yǔ師shī父fù酬chóu恩ēn。 那nà皇huáng帝dì与yǔ三sān宫gōng妃fēi后hòu、太tài子zǐ、诸zhū臣chén,将jiāng镇zhèn国guó的de宝bǎo贝bèi、金jīn银yín缎duàn帛bó,献xiàn与yǔ师shī父fù酬chóu恩ēn。

The king, together with the three consorts of the palace, the crown prince, and all his ministers, would have offered the master the state's own treasures — gold, silver, and fine silks — in gratitude.

The state offers its treasury and gets nowhere. 那皇帝 takes the pointing nà, and 將 once more, jiāng, holds up the thing being offered ahead of the verb.

那nà三sān藏zàng分fēn毫háo不bú受shòu,只zhǐ是shì倒dào換huàn關guān文wén,催cuī悟wù空kōng等děng背bèi馬mǎ早zǎo行xíng。 那nà三sān藏zàng分fēn毫háo不bú受shòu,只zhǐ是shì倒dào换huàn关guān文wén,催cuī悟wù空kōng等děng背bèi马mǎ早zǎo行xíng。

But Tripitaka would not accept so much as a hair's worth of it, and only had his travel rescript renewed, urging Wukong and the others to saddle the horse and set off early.

The refusal is total — 分毫不受, not so much as a hair's breadth accepted — and the one thing Tripitaka does want is paperwork. 那三藏 takes the pointing nà; 藏 is zàng. In 倒換關文, "to have the travel papers renewed," 倒 is dào, settled that way across the whole project. The 關文 is a transit permit that each kingdom stamps in turn, and Tripitaka never once passes a border without getting it done.

那nà國guó王wáng甚shén不bú過guò意yì,擺bǎi整zhěng朝cháo鑾luán駕jià請qǐng唐táng僧sēng上shàng坐zuò,著zhuó兩liǎng班bān文wén武wǔ引yǐn導dǎo,他tā與yǔ三sān宮gōng妃fēi后hòu並bìng太tài子zǐ一yì家jiā兒er,捧pěng轂gǔ推tuī輪lún,送sòng出chū城chéng廓kuò,卻què才cái下xià龍lóng輦niǎn,與yǔ眾zhòng相xiāng別bié。 那nà国guó王wáng甚shén不bú过guò意yì,摆bǎi整zhěng朝cháo銮luán驾jià请qǐng唐táng僧sēng上shàng坐zuò,着zhuó两liǎng班bān文wén武wǔ引yǐn导dǎo,他tā与yǔ三sān宫gōng妃fēi后hòu并bìng太tài子zǐ一yì家jiā儿er,捧pěng毂gǔ推tuī轮lún,送sòng出chū城chéng廓kuò,却què才cái下xià龙lóng辇niǎn,与yǔ众zhòng相xiāng别bié。

The king, greatly unwilling to let them go, had the court carriage made ready and invited Tripitaka to sit within it, had the two ranks of civil and military officials lead the way, and himself, together with the three consorts and the crown prince and the whole royal household, escorted the wheels in person out beyond the city walls, and only then descended from the dragon-carriage to take his leave of them all.

The send-off brings out the whole machinery of state. 那國王 takes the pointing nà. In 甚不過意, 甚 means "extremely" and is read shén. The 著 of 著兩班文武引導 is the order-giving one, zhuó. 一家兒, "the whole household," takes the light toneless er. And 相別 has the mutual 相, xiāng — they part from each other, not one from the other. The lovely phrase is 捧轂推輪, "cupping the hub and pushing the wheel": the king walks his guests' carriage out of the city with his own hands on it.

國guó王wáng道dào:「師shī父fù啊a,到dào西xī天tiān經jīng回huí之zhī日rì,是shì必bì還hái到dào寡guǎ人rén界jiè內nèi一yí顧gù。」 国guó王wáng道dào:「师shī父fù啊a,到dào西xī天tiān经jīng回huí之zhī日rì,是shì必bì还hái到dào寡guǎ人rén界jiè内nèi一yí顾gù。」

The king said: "Master, on the day you return with the scriptures from the Western Heaven, you must be sure to look in once more within this unworthy one's borders."

Come back this way. 是必還到 — 還 is hái, and here it presses the promise rather than merely stating it: mind you do come.

三sān藏zàng道dào:「弟dì子zǐ領lǐng命mìng。」 三sān藏zàng道dào:「弟dì子zǐ领lǐng命mìng。」

Tripitaka said: "Your disciple receives the charge."

A formula of acceptance, and no more. 藏 is zàng.

那nà皇huáng帝dì閣gé淚lèi汪wāng汪wāng,遂suì與yǔ眾zhòng臣chén回huí去qù了le。 那nà皇huáng帝dì阁gé泪lèi汪wāng汪wāng,遂suì与yǔ众zhòng臣chén回huí去qù了le。

The king, tears welling in his eyes, then returned with his assembled ministers.

The chapter's last glimpse of Wūjī, and it is of a man in tears. 那皇帝 takes the pointing nà.


總評 Commentary

The king finally takes the throne, and the narrative gives it a single clause — 只得上了寶殿, "had no choice but to ascend the Precious Hall" — where another book would have staged a whole coronation. What the story does linger over is odder and better: portraits of the four travellers, commissioned on the spot and hung in the throne room for veneration. It is a small, telling touch. A cult is already forming around these four, the way shrines spring up behind them all through the novel, and it marks the end of the Wūjī business more eloquently than any crowning would.

The farewell is built out of refusals answering refusals. The offer of the state treasury is turned down exactly as the throne was turned down two passages back, and in the same terms — 分毫不受, not a hair's worth taken. The only thing Tripitaka will accept is a stamp on his travel papers. Then the king asks them to call in again on the way home, a courtesy the book never gets round to honouring, and walks their carriage out of his own city gate with his hands on the wheel. It is a genuinely affectionate ending, formal as it is — and the party turns west into a chapter title that has already promised chaos.