Canonical Classics ← 第四十回
第四十回
嬰yīng兒ér戲xì化huà禪chán心xīn亂luàn
猿yuán馬mǎ刀dāo圭guī木mù母mǔ空kōng

The Baby, Playing at Transformation, Throws the Chan-Mind into Chaos · Ape and Horse, the Sword-Crucible and Wood-Mother, Come to Naught

蟒蛇綽魂
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

蟒蛇綽魂 The Python-Sprite Snatches Souls

三sān藏zàng依yī言yán,策cè馬mǎ又yòu進jìn。行xíng不bú上shàng一yì里lǐ之zhī遙yáo,又yòu聽tīng得dé叫jiào聲shēng:「救jiù人rén!」長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「徒tú弟dì,這zhè個gè叫jiào聲shēng不bú是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié。若ruò是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié,但dàn有yǒu出chū聲shēng,無wú有yǒu回huí聲shēng。你nǐ聽tīng他tā叫jiào一yì聲shēng,又yòu叫jiào一yì聲shēng,想xiǎng必bì是shì個gè有yǒu難nàn之zhī人rén。我wǒ們men可kě去qù救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「師shī父fù,今jīn日rì且qiě把bǎ這zhè慈cí悲bēi心xīn略lüè收shōu起qǐ收shōu起qǐ,待dài過guò了le此cǐ山shān,再zài發fā慈cí悲bēi罷ba。這zhè去qù處chù兇xiōng多duō吉jí少shǎo。你nǐ知zhī道dào那nà倚yǐ草cǎo附fù木mù之zhī說shuō,是shì物wù可kě以yǐ成chéng精jīng。諸zhū般bān還hái可kě,只zhǐ有yǒu一yì般bān蟒mǎng蛇shé,但dàn修xiū得dé年nián遠yuǎn日rì深shēn,成chéng了le精jīng魅mèi,善shàn能néng知zhī人rén小xiǎo名míng兒er。他tā若ruò在zài草cǎo科kē裡lǐ,或huò山shān凹āo中zhōng,叫jiào人rén一yì聲shēng,人rén不bù答dá應yìng還hái可kě;若ruò答dá應yìng一yì聲shēng,他tā就jiù把bǎ人rén元yuán神shén綽chuò去qù,當dāng夜yè跟gēn來lái,斷duàn然rán傷shāng人rén性xìng命mìng。且qiě走zǒu,且qiě走zǒu。古gǔ人rén云yún:『脫tuō得dé去qù,謝xiè神shén明míng。』切qiè不bù可kě聽tīng他tā。」長zhǎng老lǎo只zhǐ得dé依yī他tā,又yòu加jiā鞭biān催cuī馬mǎ而ér去qù。三sān藏zàng依yī言yán,策cè马mǎ又yòu进jìn。行xíng不bú上shàng一yì里lǐ之zhī遥yáo,又yòu听tīng得dé叫jiào声shēng:「救jiù人rén!」长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「徒tú弟dì,这zhè个gè叫jiào声shēng不bú是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié。若ruò是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié,但dàn有yǒu出chū声shēng,无wú有yǒu回huí声shēng。你nǐ听tīng他tā叫jiào一yì声shēng,又yòu叫jiào一yì声shēng,想xiǎng必bì是shì个gè有yǒu难nàn之zhī人rén。我wǒ们men可kě去qù救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」行xíng者zhě道dào:「师shī父fù,今jīn日rì且qiě把bǎ这zhè慈cí悲bēi心xīn略lüè收shōu起qǐ收shōu起qǐ,待dài过guò了le此cǐ山shān,再zài发fā慈cí悲bēi罢ba。这zhè去qù处chù凶xiōng多duō吉jí少shǎo。你nǐ知zhī道dào那nà倚yǐ草cǎo附fù木mù之zhī说shuō,是shì物wù可kě以yǐ成chéng精jīng。诸zhū般bān还hái可kě,只zhǐ有yǒu一yì般bān蟒mǎng蛇shé,但dàn修xiū得dé年nián远yuǎn日rì深shēn,成chéng了le精jīng魅mèi,善shàn能néng知zhī人rén小xiǎo名míng儿er。他tā若ruò在zài草cǎo科kē里lǐ,或huò山shān凹āo中zhōng,叫jiào人rén一yì声shēng,人rén不bù答dá应yìng还hái可kě;若ruò答dá应yìng一yì声shēng,他tā就jiù把bǎ人rén元yuán神shén绰chuò去qù,当dāng夜yè跟gēn来lái,断duàn然rán伤shāng人rén性xìng命mìng。且qiě走zǒu,且qiě走zǒu。古gǔ人rén云yún:『脱tuō得dé去qù,谢xiè神shén明míng。』切qiè不bù可kě听tīng他tā。」长zhǎng老lǎo只zhǐ得dé依yī他tā,又yòu加jiā鞭biān催cuī马mǎ而ér去qù。


逐句解 Line by line

三sān藏zàng依yī言yán,策cè馬mǎ又yòu進jìn。 三sān藏zàng依yī言yán,策cè马mǎ又yòu进jìn。

Tripitaka, complying with his words, whipped up the horse and pressed on.

藏 is zàng. He complies, for now.

行xíng不bú上shàng一yì里lǐ之zhī遙yáo,又yòu聽tīng得dé叫jiào聲shēng:「救jiù人rén!」 行xíng不bú上shàng一yì里lǐ之zhī遥yáo,又yòu听tīng得dé叫jiào声shēng:「救jiù人rén!」

They had not gone a full li's distance when again they heard the voice calling: "Save me!"

Not even a 里 — a Chinese mile, about half a kilometre — before the voice comes again. 行 is xíng; 不 lifts to bú before the falling tone of 上. 又聽得 takes the full-weight 得, dé.

長zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「徒tú弟dì,這zhè個gè叫jiào聲shēng不bú是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié。 长zhǎng老lǎo道dào:「徒tú弟dì,这zhè个gè叫jiào声shēng不bú是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié。

The elder said: "Disciple, this crying voice is no ghost or demon-sprite.

The Master starts reasoning, which is worse for Wukong than if he had simply insisted. 長 is zhǎng; 不 lifts to bú before 是.

若ruò是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié,但dàn有yǒu出chū聲shēng,無wú有yǒu回huí聲shēng。 若ruò是shì鬼guǐ魅mèi妖yāo邪xié,但dàn有yǒu出chū声shēng,无wú有yǒu回huí声shēng。

Were it a ghost or demon-sprite, there would be an outgoing voice but no echo in reply.

A genuine piece of folk belief, and the Master deploys it like evidence: a ghost's cry goes out and nothing answers it, so a voice that calls twice must belong to something alive. It is sound reasoning from a false premise, which is the shape of nearly everything Tripitaka does in this chapter.

你nǐ聽tīng他tā叫jiào一yì聲shēng,又yòu叫jiào一yì聲shēng,想xiǎng必bì是shì個gè有yǒu難nàn之zhī人rén。 你nǐ听tīng他tā叫jiào一yì声shēng,又yòu叫jiào一yì声shēng,想xiǎng必bì是shì个gè有yǒu难nàn之zhī人rén。

You hear him call once, and call again — he must surely be a person in distress.

Both instances of 一 shift to yì before the level tone of 聲. In 有難之人, "a person in distress," 難 is nàn, calamity — not the nán that means difficult.

我wǒ們men可kě去qù救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」 我wǒ们men可kě去qù救jiù他tā一yí救jiù。」

We ought to go and save him."

救他一救 doubles the verb around 一, a construction that makes an action sound small and quick — "just give him a rescue." Here 一 lifts to yí before the falling tone of 救.

行xíng者zhě道dào:「師shī父fù,今jīn日rì且qiě把bǎ這zhè慈cí悲bēi心xīn略lüè收shōu起qǐ收shōu起qǐ,待dài過guò了le此cǐ山shān,再zài發fā慈cí悲bēi罷ba。 行xíng者zhě道dào:「师shī父fù,今jīn日rì且qiě把bǎ这zhè慈cí悲bēi心xīn略lüè收shōu起qǐ收shōu起qǐ,待dài过guò了le此cǐ山shān,再zài发fā慈cí悲bēi罢ba。

Pilgrim said: "Master, for today just fold up this compassionate heart a little and put it away; wait till we're past this mountain, and then show your mercy again.

The line that gives the chapter its theme, and it is phrased as a request to fold something away and put it in a drawer: 略收起收起 this 慈悲心, just till we are past the mountain. The sentence-closing 罷 is the light everyday ba, the sound that softens an instruction into a suggestion — not the bà that means to stop.

這zhè去qù處chù兇xiōng多duō吉jí少shǎo。 这zhè去qù处chù凶xiōng多duō吉jí少shǎo。

This is a place of much peril and little luck.

兇多吉少, "much ill and little good," is still the ordinary Chinese for a situation that looks bad. 這去處 takes 處 as chù.

你nǐ知zhī道dào那nà倚yǐ草cǎo附fù木mù之zhī說shuō,是shì物wù可kě以yǐ成chéng精jīng。 你nǐ知zhī道dào那nà倚yǐ草cǎo附fù木mù之zhī说shuō,是shì物wù可kě以yǐ成chéng精jīng。

You know the saying about how things clinging to grass and fastening to trees can become sprites.

倚草附木, "leaning on grass and clinging to trees," names the standard folk theory of how spirits come to be: a thing attaches itself to a plant or an object, waits long enough, and acquires a will. 那 is the pointing nà.

諸zhū般bān還hái可kě,只zhǐ有yǒu一yì般bān蟒mǎng蛇shé,但dàn修xiū得dé年nián遠yuǎn日rì深shēn,成chéng了le精jīng魅mèi,善shàn能néng知zhī人rén小xiǎo名míng兒er。 诸zhū般bān还hái可kě,只zhǐ有yǒu一yì般bān蟒mǎng蛇shé,但dàn修xiū得dé年nián远yuǎn日rì深shēn,成chéng了le精jīng魅mèi,善shàn能néng知zhī人rén小xiǎo名míng儿er。

All the rest may pass; only there is one sort — the python — that, once it has cultivated itself over long years and deep days and become a sprite, is well able to know a person's little name.

The python is invented on the spot, and the detail Wukong chooses is inspired — it learns your pet name. 還可 has 還 as hái; 一般 shifts 一 to yì; 修得 takes the full-weight 得, dé. In 小名兒 the 兒 is the weightless curl on the end of a word, er.

他tā若ruò在zài草cǎo科kē裡lǐ,或huò山shān凹āo中zhōng,叫jiào人rén一yì聲shēng,人rén不bù答dá應yìng還hái可kě; 他tā若ruò在zài草cǎo科kē里lǐ,或huò山shān凹āo中zhōng,叫jiào人rén一yì声shēng,人rén不bù答dá应yìng还hái可kě;

If it lies in the grass-thickets or in a hollow of the mountain and calls out to someone, and the person does not answer, all is still well;

The rule is stated carefully, like something out of a manual. 山凹中 takes zhōng; 一 shifts to yì before 聲; 應 is yìng, "to answer"; 還可 takes hái.

若ruò答dá應yìng一yì聲shēng,他tā就jiù把bǎ人rén元yuán神shén綽chuò去qù,當dāng夜yè跟gēn來lái,斷duàn然rán傷shāng人rén性xìng命mìng。 若ruò答dá应yìng一yì声shēng,他tā就jiù把bǎ人rén元yuán神shén绰chuò去qù,当dāng夜yè跟gēn来lái,断duàn然rán伤shāng人rén性xìng命mìng。

but if the person answers so much as once, it will snatch away the person's primal spirit, come following that very night, and unfailingly harm his life.

And here is the sting: answer once and it takes your soul. 應 is yìng again, 一 shifts to yì before 聲. 綽去 has 綽 as chuò, to snatch away. 當夜 takes 當 as dāng, "that very night."

且qiě走zǒu,且qiě走zǒu。 且qiě走zǒu,且qiě走zǒu。

Let's go, let's go.

Two words, twice. Wukong has stopped arguing and started herding.

古gǔ人rén云yún:『脫tuō得dé去qù,謝xiè神shén明míng。』 古gǔ人rén云yún:『脱tuō得dé去qù,谢xiè神shén明míng。』

The ancients say: 'Get yourself away, and give thanks to the gods.'

A proverb, and the printed edition marks it as a quotation, which is why it is set as prose. 脫得去 takes the full-weight 得, dé, "manage to get away." The advice is to run first and give thanks afterwards — never to investigate.

切qiè不bù可kě聽tīng他tā。」 切qiè不bù可kě听tīng他tā。」

On no account listen to him."

不 keeps the plain bù before the dipping third tone of 可.

長zhǎng老lǎo只zhǐ得dé依yī他tā,又yòu加jiā鞭biān催cuī馬mǎ而ér去qù。 长zhǎng老lǎo只zhǐ得dé依yī他tā,又yòu加jiā鞭biān催cuī马mǎ而ér去qù。

The elder, left with no choice but to comply, again plied whip to the horse and rode on.

He gives in, and the whip is the sign of it — not agreement but the end of arguing. 長 is zhǎng; 只得 takes the full-weight 得, dé.


總評 Commentary

Wukong shifts from evasion to instruction. Unable to talk the Master out of caring, he gives the voice a false identity instead: this is python country, he explains, and a python that has cultivated itself long enough learns a traveller's private name and calls it out to lure a reply. The lore is invented where he stands — there is no python — but it is the sort of demonological warning the pilgrimage has made real often enough that Tripitaka cannot simply wave it away.

The deeper joke is that the fabrication is structurally true. Wukong describes a predator that works by luring compassion into a fatal answer, which is exactly the mechanism of the real demon hanging in the pine ahead. He has diagnosed the trap correctly and merely misnamed the animal. And his prescription — fold up the 慈悲心, the compassionate heart, and put it away until the mountain is behind us — asks of Tripitaka the one thing his nature will not do. He complies for now, whip to horse. The reader has been shown both the truth of the danger and the certainty that the mercy will not stay folded for long.