Canonical Classics ← 第十七回
第十七回
孫sūn行xíng者zhě大dà鬧nào黑hēi風fēng山shān
觀guān世shì音yīn收shōu伏fú熊xióng羆pí怪guài

Sun the Pilgrim Makes Great Havoc on Black Wind Mountain · Guanshiyin Subdues the Bear-Fiend

弼馬溫之怒 洞口初戰
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

弼馬溫之怒 洞口初戰 The Bimawen Insult; the First Battle

那nà怪guài聞wén言yán笑xiào道dào:「你nǐ原yuán來lái是shì那nà鬧nào天tiān宮gōng的de弼bì馬mǎ溫wēn麼me?」行xíng者zhě最zuì惱nǎo的de是shì人rén叫jiào他tā弼bì馬mǎ溫wēn,聽tīng見jiàn這zhè一yì聲shēng,心xīn中zhōng大dà怒nù,罵mà道dào:「你nǐ這zhè賊zéi怪guài!偷tōu了le袈jiā裟shā不bù還huán,倒dào傷shāng老lǎo爺yé。不bú要yào走zǒu,看kàn棍gùn。」那nà黑hēi漢hàn側cè身shēn躲duǒ過guò,綽chāo長cháng槍qiāng,劈pī手shǒu來lái迎yíng。兩liǎng家jiā這zhè場cháng好hǎo殺shā:那nà怪guài闻wén言yán笑xiào道dào:「你nǐ原yuán来lái是shì那nà闹nào天tiān宫gōng的de弼bì马mǎ温wēn么me?」行xíng者zhě最zuì恼nǎo的de是shì人rén叫jiào他tā弼bì马mǎ温wēn,听tīng见jiàn这zhè一yì声shēng,心xīn中zhōng大dà怒nù,骂mà道dào:「你nǐ这zhè贼zéi怪guài!偷tōu了le袈jiā裟shā不bù还huán,倒dào伤shāng老lǎo爷yé。不bú要yào走zǒu,看kàn棍gùn。」那nà黑hēi汉hàn侧cè身shēn躲duǒ过guò,绰chāo长cháng枪qiāng,劈pī手shǒu来lái迎yíng。两liǎng家jiā这zhè场cháng好hǎo杀shā:

如rú意yì棒bàng,黑hēi纓yīng槍qiāng,二èr人rén洞dòng口kǒu逞chěng剛gāng強qiáng。如rú意yì棒bàng,黑hēi缨yīng枪qiāng,二èr人rén洞dòng口kǒu逞chěng刚gāng强qiáng。
分fēn心xīn劈pī臉liǎn刺cì,著zhuó臂bì照zhào頭tóu傷shāng。分fēn心xīn劈pī脸liǎn刺cì,着zhuó臂bì照zhào头tóu伤shāng。
這zhè個gè橫héng丟diū陰yīn棍gùn手shǒu,那nà個gè直zhí撚niǎn急jí三sān槍qiāng。这zhè个gè横héng丢diū阴yīn棍gùn手shǒu,那nà个gè直zhí撚niǎn急jí三sān枪qiāng。
白bái虎hǔ爬pá山shān來lái探tàn爪zhǎo,黃huáng龍lóng臥wò道dào轉zhuǎn身shēn忙máng。白bái虎hǔ爬pá山shān来lái探tàn爪zhǎo,黄huáng龙lóng卧wò道dào转zhuǎn身shēn忙máng。
噴pēn彩cǎi霧wù,吐tǔ毫háo光guāng,兩liǎng個gè妖yāo仙xiān不bù可kě量liáng。喷pēn彩cǎi雾wù,吐tǔ毫háo光guāng,两liǎng个gè妖yāo仙xiān不bù可kě量liáng。
一yí個gè是shì修xiū正zhèng齊qí天tiān聖shèng,一yí個gè是shì成chéng精jīng黑hēi大dà王wáng。一yí个gè是shì修xiū正zhèng齐qí天tiān圣shèng,一yí个gè是shì成chéng精jīng黑hēi大dà王wáng。
這zhè場cháng山shān裡lǐ相xiāng爭zhēng處chù,只zhǐ為wèi袈jiā裟shā各gè不bù良liáng。这zhè场cháng山shān里lǐ相xiāng争zhēng处chù,只zhǐ为wèi袈jiā裟shā各gè不bù良liáng。

逐句解 Line by line

那nà怪guài聞wén言yán笑xiào道dào:「你nǐ原yuán來lái是shì那nà鬧nào天tiān宮gōng的de弼bì馬mǎ溫wēn麼me?」 那nà怪guài闻wén言yán笑xiào道dào:「你nǐ原yuán来lái是shì那nà闹nào天tiān宫gōng的de弼bì马mǎ温wēn么me?」

Hearing this, the fiend laughed. "So you are that Bimawen who made havoc in Heaven?"

弼馬溫, Bimawen, Keeper of the Imperial Horses — the joke office Heaven once used to buy the Pilgrim off. The fiend has been listening to all thirty-two couplets and has picked out of them the one title their author carefully did not mention.

行xíng者zhě最zuì惱nǎo的de是shì人rén叫jiào他tā弼bì馬mǎ溫wēn,聽tīng見jiàn這zhè一yì聲shēng,心xīn中zhōng大dà怒nù,罵mà道dào:「你nǐ這zhè賊zéi怪guài! 行xíng者zhě最zuì恼nǎo的de是shì人rén叫jiào他tā弼bì马mǎ温wēn,听tīng见jiàn这zhè一yì声shēng,心xīn中zhōng大dà怒nù,骂mà道dào:「你nǐ这zhè贼zéi怪guài!

Now nothing angered the Pilgrim so much as to be called Bimawen. At the sound of the word his heart swelled with fury, and he cursed him: "You thieving fiend!

最惱的是: the narrator states the weakness flatly, the way a field guide states a fact about an animal. 心中 reads zhōng.

偷tōu了le袈jiā裟shā不bù還huán,倒dào傷shāng老lǎo爺yé。不bú要yào走zǒu,看kàn棍gùn。」 偷tōu了le袈jiā裟shā不bù还huán,倒dào伤shāng老lǎo爷yé。不bú要yào走zǒu,看kàn棍gùn。」

You steal a cassock and will not return it, and then you affront your elder into the bargain. Do not run — mind the rod!"

不還: the tone of 不 is computed from the dictionary tone of 還 as hái, second tone, and so stays bù — even though the character is being read huán here, to give back. 老爺 is once again the Pilgrim referring to himself.

那nà黑hēi漢hàn側cè身shēn躲duǒ過guò,綽chāo長cháng槍qiāng,劈pī手shǒu來lái迎yíng。兩liǎng家jiā這zhè場cháng好hǎo殺shā: 那nà黑hēi汉hàn侧cè身shēn躲duǒ过guò,绰chāo长cháng枪qiāng,劈pī手shǒu来lái迎yíng。两liǎng家jiā这zhè场cháng好hǎo杀shā:

The black fellow twisted aside and let it pass, snatched up his long spear, and came on with a quick hand to meet him. It was a fine fight between the two of them:

綽 is chāo, to snatch up, as settled earlier in the chapter; 長槍 takes cháng. 劈手 is with a hand that splits the air. What follows is a battle-賦 in seven units.

如rú意yì棒bàng,黑hēi纓yīng槍qiāng,二èr人rén洞dòng口kǒu逞chěng剛gāng強qiáng。 如rú意yì棒bàng,黑hēi缨yīng枪qiāng,二èr人rén洞dòng口kǒu逞chěng刚gāng强qiáng。

The As-You-Will rod, the black-tasselled spear: the two of them at the cave mouth vaunting their hardihood.

The 賦 opens by naming the two weapons and nothing else, the way a playbill names its actors. 逞剛強: 強 reads qiáng, and carries the -ang rhyme that runs to the last character of the poem.

分fēn心xīn劈pī臉liǎn刺cì,著zhuó臂bì照zhào頭tóu傷shāng。 分fēn心xīn劈pī脸liǎn刺cì,着zhuó臂bì照zhào头tóu伤shāng。

A thrust that parts the breast, a cleaving at the face; a stroke that lands on the arm, a wound aimed full at the head.

分心, 劈臉, 著臂, 照頭 are four phrases of aim, each one a verb governing a body part. That makes 著 the full verb here, zhuó, to touch or alight on — parallel to 照, to aim at — and neither the continuous zhe nor the goal-reaching zháo.

這zhè個gè橫héng丟diū陰yīn棍gùn手shǒu,那nà個gè直zhí撚niǎn急jí三sān槍qiāng。 这zhè个gè横héng丢diū阴yīn棍gùn手shǒu,那nà个gè直zhí撚niǎn急jí三sān枪qiāng。

This one flings his rod crosswise with a treacherous hand; that one twirls his straight and drives three quick spear-thrusts.

陰棍手 is an underhand stroke of the rod. The couplet is built on 橫 against 直, crosswise against straight.

白bái虎hǔ爬pá山shān來lái探tàn爪zhǎo,黃huáng龍lóng臥wò道dào轉zhuǎn身shēn忙máng。 白bái虎hǔ爬pá山shān来lái探tàn爪zhǎo,黄huáng龙lóng卧wò道dào转zhuǎn身shēn忙máng。

A white tiger climbing the hill puts forth a claw; a yellow dragon lying athwart the road turns its body in haste.

The two beasts are the fighters seen heraldically: white tiger of the west, yellow dragon of the centre. Neither of them is a monkey and neither of them is a bear.

噴pēn彩cǎi霧wù,吐tǔ毫háo光guāng,兩liǎng個gè妖yāo仙xiān不bù可kě量liáng。 喷pēn彩cǎi雾wù,吐tǔ毫háo光guāng,两liǎng个gè妖yāo仙xiān不bù可kě量liáng。

They spout coloured mists, they belch a hair-fine light: two fiend-immortals not to be measured.

不可量 — 量 is the verb, liáng, to gauge or take the measure of, in line with the ruling on 量於宇宙 back in chapter 14. The tone of 不 is computed from the character's dictionary tone liàng and is unaffected.

一yí個gè是shì修xiū正zhèng齊qí天tiān聖shèng,一yí個gè是shì成chéng精jīng黑hēi大dà王wáng。 一yí个gè是shì修xiū正zhèng齐qí天tiān圣shèng,一yí个gè是shì成chéng精jīng黑hēi大dà王wáng。

The one is the Sage Equal to Heaven, cultivating the right; the other the Great King of Black Wind, a spirit come to its perfection.

修正 set against 成精: one of them cultivates the right, the other has merely ripened into a spirit. That antithesis is the whole moral architecture of the chapter — and the very next line is going to knock it down.

這zhè場cháng山shān裡lǐ相xiāng爭zhēng處chù,只zhǐ為wèi袈jiā裟shā各gè不bù良liáng。 这zhè场cháng山shān里lǐ相xiāng争zhēng处chù,只zhǐ为wèi袈jiā裟shā各gè不bù良liáng。

This strife in the mountains, this place of contention — all for a cassock, and neither of them good.

相爭 takes xiāng; 只為 takes wèi, on account of. Then 各不良 — neither of them any good. The narrator, having called one of them a sage two lines earlier, declines to take his side.


總評 Commentary

The bear-fiend has sat through thirty-two couplets of self-praise and drawn from them the single conclusion guaranteed to start a fight. Not 齊天大聖, Great Sage Equal to Heaven, which the poem supplies twice — but 弼馬溫, stablehand, which it never supplies at all, being the title Heaven fobbed him off with and the one thing he has spent the entire recitation talking around. It is remarkably shrewd listening for a monster, and it works instantly.

The battle-賦 then does something its subject would never have authorised. It sets 修正齊天聖 against 成精黑大王 in a perfect antithesis of the reformed against the unregenerate — and in the very next line throws both away: 只為袈裟各不良. All for a cassock, and neither of them good. The judgement falls on the monkey exactly as heavily as on the bear, and it is the narrator who delivers it, not any character.