Canonical Classics ← 第五十六回
第五十六回
神shén狂kuáng誅zhū草cǎo寇kòu
道dào迷mí放fàng心xīn猿yuán

The Spirit Runs Mad and Puts the Bandits to Death · The Way Is Clouded and the Mind-Monkey Is Cast Off

素齋草堂
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

素齋草堂 A Meatless Meal in the Thatched Hall

公gōng婆pó兩liǎng個gè聞wén說shuō他tā名míng號hào,皈guī正zhèng沙shā門mén之zhī言yán,卻què才cái定dìng性xìng回huí驚jīng,教jiào:「請qǐng來lái,請qǐng來lái。」長zhǎng老lǎo出chū門mén叫jiào來lái,又yòu吩fēn咐fù道dào:「適shì才cái這zhè老lǎo者zhě甚shèn惡wù你nǐ等děng,今jīn進jìn去qù相xiāng見jiàn,切qiè勿wù抗kàng禮lǐ,各gè要yào尊zūn重zhòng些xiē。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ俊jùn秀xiù,我wǒ斯sī文wén,不bù比bǐ師shī兄xiōng撒sā潑pō。」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「不bú是shì嘴zuǐ長cháng、耳ěr大dà、臉liǎn醜chǒu,便biàn也yě是shì一yí個gè好hǎo男nán子zǐ。」沙shā僧sēng道dào:「莫mò爭zhēng講jiǎng,這zhè裡lǐ不bú是shì那nà抓zhuā乖guāi弄nòng俏qiào之zhī處chù。且qiě進jìn去qù,且qiě進jìn去qù。」遂suì此cǐ把bǎ行xíng囊náng、馬mǎ匹pǐ都dōu到dào草cǎo堂táng上shàng,齊qí同tóng唱chàng了le個gè喏rě,坐zuò定dìng。那nà媽mā媽ma兒er賢xián慧huì,即jí便biàn攜xié轉zhuǎn小xiǎo兒ér,咐fù吩fēn煮zhǔ飯fàn,安ān排pái一yí頓dùn素sù齋zhāi,他tā師shī徒tú吃chī了le。公gōng婆pó两liǎng个gè闻wén说shuō他tā名míng号hào,皈guī正zhèng沙shā门mén之zhī言yán,却què才cái定dìng性xìng回huí惊jīng,教jiào:「请qǐng来lái,请qǐng来lái。」长zhǎng老lǎo出chū门mén叫jiào来lái,又yòu吩fēn咐fù道dào:「适shì才cái这zhè老lǎo者zhě甚shèn恶wù你nǐ等děng,今jīn进jìn去qù相xiāng见jiàn,切qiè勿wù抗kàng礼lǐ,各gè要yào尊zūn重zhòng些xiē。」八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ俊jùn秀xiù,我wǒ斯sī文wén,不bù比bǐ师shī兄xiōng撒sā泼pō。」行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「不bú是shì嘴zuǐ长cháng、耳ěr大dà、脸liǎn丑chǒu,便biàn也yě是shì一yí个gè好hǎo男nán子zǐ。」沙shā僧sēng道dào:「莫mò争zhēng讲jiǎng,这zhè里lǐ不bú是shì那nà抓zhuā乖guāi弄nòng俏qiào之zhī处chù。且qiě进jìn去qù,且qiě进jìn去qù。」遂suì此cǐ把bǎ行xíng囊náng、马mǎ匹pǐ都dōu到dào草cǎo堂táng上shàng,齐qí同tóng唱chàng了le个gè喏rě,坐zuò定dìng。那nà妈mā妈ma儿er贤xián慧huì,即jí便biàn携xié转zhuǎn小xiǎo儿ér,咐fù吩fēn煮zhǔ饭fàn,安ān排pái一yí顿dùn素sù斋zhāi,他tā师shī徒tú吃chī了le。


逐句解 Line by line

公gōng婆pó兩liǎng個gè聞wén說shuō他tā名míng號hào,皈guī正zhèng沙shā門mén之zhī言yán,卻què才cái定dìng性xìng回huí驚jīng,教jiào:「請qǐng來lái,請qǐng來lái。」 公gōng婆pó两liǎng个gè闻wén说shuō他tā名míng号hào,皈guī正zhèng沙shā门mén之zhī言yán,却què才cái定dìng性xìng回huí惊jīng,教jiào:「请qǐng来lái,请qǐng来lái。」

When the old couple heard their names, and the words about taking refuge in the Śramaṇa, they steadied themselves and got over their fright, and gave the order: “Ask them in, ask them in.”

公婆 keeps 婆 at the full pó; the softened everyday reading belongs to the doubled 婆婆 and not to the character on its own. 皈正 is to turn and take refuge, and 教 is jiào, to make somebody do a thing. What calms them down is not anything they have seen. It is a list of religious credentials.

長zhǎng老lǎo出chū門mén叫jiào來lái,又yòu吩fēn咐fù道dào:「適shì才cái這zhè老lǎo者zhě甚shèn惡wù你nǐ等děng,今jīn進jìn去qù相xiāng見jiàn,切qiè勿wù抗kàng禮lǐ,各gè要yào尊zūn重zhòng些xiē。」 长zhǎng老lǎo出chū门mén叫jiào来lái,又yòu吩fēn咐fù道dào:「适shì才cái这zhè老lǎo者zhě甚shèn恶wù你nǐ等děng,今jīn进jìn去qù相xiāng见jiàn,切qiè勿wù抗kàng礼lǐ,各gè要yào尊zūn重zhòng些xiē。」

The elder went out to call them, and gave them a further charge: “Just now this old gentleman took a great dislike to you. When you go in to meet him now, on no account be defiant — each of you be respectable.”

甚惡你等 puts 惡 in its verbal use, wù, to dislike — not è, wicked, which is how the same character reads seven other times in this chapter. 相見 is the mutual xiāng. 抗禮 is to meet somebody as an equal, and so to withhold deference. 重 is zhòng, weighty, in 尊重.

八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ俊jùn秀xiù,我wǒ斯sī文wén,不bù比bǐ師shī兄xiōng撒sā潑pō。」 八bā戒jiè道dào:「我wǒ俊jùn秀xiù,我wǒ斯sī文wén,不bù比bǐ师shī兄xiōng撒sā泼pō。」

Bajie said, “I am handsome, I am refined — not like elder brother, who plays the ruffian.”

撒潑 is to carry on outrageously. Bajie's claim to be 俊秀 and 斯文 — handsome and refined — is made by a pig with a snout and fan ears, and nobody contradicts the second half of it.

行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「不bú是shì嘴zuǐ長cháng、耳ěr大dà、臉liǎn醜chǒu,便biàn也yě是shì一yí個gè好hǎo男nán子zǐ。」 行xíng者zhě笑xiào道dào:「不bú是shì嘴zuǐ长cháng、耳ěr大dà、脸liǎn丑chǒu,便biàn也yě是shì一yí个gè好hǎo男nán子zǐ。」

Pilgrim laughed and said, “But for the long snout, the big ears and the ugly face, he would be quite a fine fellow.”

不是 is conditional here — were it not for — rather than a flat negation. 好男子 keeps 好 at hǎo, good, against the hào of being fond of something that the same character takes in the next passage.

沙shā僧sēng道dào:「莫mò爭zhēng講jiǎng,這zhè裡lǐ不bú是shì那nà抓zhuā乖guāi弄nòng俏qiào之zhī處chù。且qiě進jìn去qù,且qiě進jìn去qù。」 沙shā僧sēng道dào:「莫mò争zhēng讲jiǎng,这zhè里lǐ不bú是shì那nà抓zhuā乖guāi弄nòng俏qiào之zhī处chù。且qiě进jìn去qù,且qiě进jìn去qù。」

Sha Monk said, “Stop wrangling. This is no place for showing off and playing clever. Go in, go in.”

抓乖弄俏 — snatching at cleverness and playing the pretty fellow — is a four-character idiom for showing off. 之處 is a location, so chù. Sha Monk's function in this chapter is to end arguments, and he does it in nine words.

遂suì此cǐ把bǎ行xíng囊náng、馬mǎ匹pǐ都dōu到dào草cǎo堂táng上shàng,齊qí同tóng唱chàng了le個gè喏rě,坐zuò定dìng。 遂suì此cǐ把bǎ行xíng囊náng、马mǎ匹pǐ都dōu到dào草cǎo堂táng上shàng,齐qí同tóng唱chàng了le个gè喏rě,坐zuò定dìng。

So they brought the baggage and the horse up to the thatched hall, made their bows together, and sat down.

唱喏 is to bow with a spoken salutation, and 喏 keeps rě. 行囊 is the travelling pack.

那nà媽mā媽ma兒er賢xián慧huì,即jí便biàn攜xié轉zhuǎn小xiǎo兒ér,咐fù吩fēn煮zhǔ飯fàn,安ān排pái一yí頓dùn素sù齋zhāi,他tā師shī徒tú吃chī了le。 那nà妈mā妈ma儿er贤xián慧huì,即jí便biàn携xié转zhuǎn小xiǎo儿ér,咐fù吩fēn煮zhǔ饭fàn,安ān排pái一yí顿dùn素sù斋zhāi,他tā师shī徒tú吃chī了le。

That good-hearted old woman took the small child away with her at once, gave orders for rice to be cooked, and set out a meatless meal, which master and disciples ate.

The 世德堂本 prints 咐吩 with the two characters of 吩咐 the other way round — a spelling variant, encoded as printed and read on the characters actually there. 小兒 has 兒 as part of the word for a person, so ér, while 媽媽兒 is suffixed and takes er: the same character, twice in one sentence, doing two different jobs. 素齋 is the meatless meal proper to monks.


總評 Commentary

The three disciples get one line each and the lines are a complete character sketch. Bajie announces that he is handsome and refined; Pilgrim observes that his brother would be a fine fellow apart from the snout, the ears and the face; Sha Monk tells them both to stop performing and go inside. It is the only moment in the chapter where the three of them are simply funny together, and it comes immediately before the household learns what they are.

Tripitaka's instruction deserves attention. 切勿抗禮,各要尊重些 — do not stand on your dignity, be respectable — is a man coaching his disciples in manners on a doorstep, two hours after one of them killed two people and he himself prayed over the grave. The management of appearances has entirely displaced the moral question, and it will stay displaced for the rest of the chapter.

The old woman does all the actual work in a single sentence: takes the child away, orders rice, sets out a meal. The narrator calls her 賢慧, good and wise. She is the only person in chapter fifty-six who responds to a frightening situation by feeding people. The novel gives her twenty-seven characters and no name.