第四十七回 · 獨投齋戶 Going Alone to Beg Shelter — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

獨投齋戶 Going Alone to Beg Shelter

三sān藏zàng下xià馬mǎ，只zhǐ見jiàn那nà路lù頭tóu上shàng有yǒu一yì家jiā兒er，門mén外wài豎shù一yì首shǒu幢chuáng幡fān，內nèi裡lǐ有yǒu燈dēng燭zhú熒yíng煌huáng，香xiāng煙yān馥fù郁yù。三sān藏zàng道dào：「悟wù空kōng，此cǐ處chù比bǐ那nà山shān凹āo河hé邊biān卻què是shì不bù同tóng。在zài人rén間jiān屋wū簷yán下xià，可kě以yǐ遮zhē得dé冷lěng露lù，放fàng心xīn穩wěn睡shuì。你nǐ都dōu莫mò來lái，讓ràng我wǒ先xiān到dào那nà齋zhāi公gōng門mén首shǒu告gào求qiú。若ruò肯kěn留liú我wǒ，我wǒ就jiù招zhāo呼hū汝rǔ等děng；假jiǎ若ruò不bù留liú，你nǐ卻què休xiū要yào撒sā潑pō。汝rǔ等děng臉liǎn嘴zuǐ醜chǒu陋lòu，只zhǐ恐kǒng諕xià了le人rén，闖chuǎng出chū禍huò來lái，卻què倒dào無wú住zhù處chù矣yǐ。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「說shuō得de有yǒu理lǐ。請qǐng師shī父fù先xiān去qù，我wǒ們men在zài此cǐ守shǒu待dài。」三sān藏zàng下xià马mǎ，只zhǐ见jiàn那nà路lù头tóu上shàng有yǒu一yì家jiā儿er，门mén外wài竖shù一yì首shǒu幢chuáng幡fān，内nèi里lǐ有yǒu灯dēng烛zhú荧yíng煌huáng，香xiāng烟yān馥fù郁yù。三sān藏zàng道dào：「悟wù空kōng，此cǐ处chù比bǐ那nà山shān凹āo河hé边biān却què是shì不bù同tóng。在zài人rén间jiān屋wū簷yán下xià，可kě以yǐ遮zhē得dé冷lěng露lù，放fàng心xīn稳wěn睡shuì。你nǐ都dōu莫mò来lái，让ràng我wǒ先xiān到dào那nà斋zhāi公gōng门mén首shǒu告gào求qiú。若ruò肯kěn留liú我wǒ，我wǒ就jiù招zhāo呼hū汝rǔ等děng；假jiǎ若ruò不bù留liú，你nǐ却què休xiū要yào撒sā泼pō。汝rǔ等děng脸liǎn嘴zuǐ丑chǒu陋lòu，只zhǐ恐kǒng諕xià了le人rén，闯chuǎng出chū祸huò来lái，却què倒dào无wú住zhù处chù矣yǐ。」行xíng者zhě道dào：「说shuō得de有yǒu理lǐ。请qǐng师shī父fù先xiān去qù，我wǒ们men在zài此cǐ守shǒu待dài。」

逐句解 Line by line

三sān藏zàng下xià馬mǎ，只zhǐ見jiàn那nà路lù頭tóu上shàng有yǒu一yì家jiā兒er，門mén外wài豎shù一yì首shǒu幢chuáng幡fān，內nèi裡lǐ有yǒu燈dēng燭zhú熒yíng煌huáng，香xiāng煙yān馥fù郁yù。三sān藏zàng下xià马mǎ，只zhǐ见jiàn那nà路lù头tóu上shàng有yǒu一yì家jiā儿er，门mén外wài竖shù一yì首shǒu幢chuáng幡fān，内nèi里lǐ有yǒu灯dēng烛zhú荧yíng煌huáng，香xiāng烟yān馥fù郁yù。

Tripitaka dismounted, and saw at the head of the road a certain household: before its gate stood a banner-streamer, and within, lamps and candles blazed and incense-smoke hung rich and fragrant.

幢幡 are the tall ritual banners set up outside a house holding a service — the Ming equivalent of a sign on the gate saying a funeral is in progress. Lamps inside, incense heavy in the air: everything says a rite. 那 points — nà; in 一家兒 the 兒 is the little -r ending, er; 藏 in 三藏 is zàng.

三sān藏zàng道dào：「悟wù空kōng，此cǐ處chù比bǐ那nà山shān凹āo河hé邊biān卻què是shì不bù同tóng。三sān藏zàng道dào：「悟wù空kōng，此cǐ处chù比bǐ那nà山shān凹āo河hé边biān却què是shì不bù同tóng。

Tripitaka said: "Wukong, this place is quite unlike that mountain-hollow by the river.

那 points back at the riverbank they have just left — nà. 藏 in 三藏 is zàng. Anywhere with a roof beats a mountain hollow.

在zài人rén間jiān屋wū簷yán下xià，可kě以yǐ遮zhē得dé冷lěng露lù，放fàng心xīn穩wěn睡shuì。在zài人rén间jiān屋wū簷yán下xià，可kě以yǐ遮zhē得dé冷lěng露lù，放fàng心xīn稳wěn睡shuì。

Under the eaves of a human dwelling we may shelter from the cold dew and sleep soundly at ease.

遮得冷露 takes 得 as dé, managing it — the eaves can actually keep the cold dew off. 穩睡: sleep sound.

你nǐ都dōu莫mò來lái，讓ràng我wǒ先xiān到dào那nà齋zhāi公gōng門mén首shǒu告gào求qiú。你nǐ都dōu莫mò来lái，让ràng我wǒ先xiān到dào那nà斋zhāi公gōng门mén首shǒu告gào求qiú。

None of you come along; let me go first to that alms-master's gate and make the request.

齋公 is the layman who puts on the merit-feast, the host of the whole occasion. 都 is dōu; 那 points — nà.

若ruò肯kěn留liú我wǒ，我wǒ就jiù招zhāo呼hū汝rǔ等děng；若ruò肯kěn留liú我wǒ，我wǒ就jiù招zhāo呼hū汝rǔ等děng；

If he is willing to take me in, I shall call for you;

招呼汝等: I'll call you in.

假jiǎ若ruò不bù留liú，你nǐ卻què休xiū要yào撒sā潑pō。假jiǎ若ruò不bù留liú，你nǐ却què休xiū要yào撒sā泼pō。

but if he will not, you must not make a rumpus.

撒潑 is making a scene — throwing your weight about, refusing to behave. Tripitaka has met his disciples before.

汝rǔ等děng臉liǎn嘴zuǐ醜chǒu陋lòu，只zhǐ恐kǒng諕xià了le人rén，闖chuǎng出chū禍huò來lái，卻què倒dào無wú住zhù處chù矣yǐ。」汝rǔ等děng脸liǎn嘴zuǐ丑chǒu陋lòu，只zhǐ恐kǒng諕xià了le人rén，闯chuǎng出chū祸huò来lái，却què倒dào无wú住zhù处chù矣yǐ。」

Your faces are so ugly that I fear you would frighten folk and blunder us into trouble, and then we should have nowhere at all to stay."

諕 is xià, to frighten. 倒 in 卻倒 is dào, the "on the contrary" reading, not the dǎo of toppling. And the reasoning is exact: your faces will scare somebody, the scare will make trouble, and the trouble will cost us the bed. He is right on every count, in order.

行xíng者zhě道dào：「說shuō得de有yǒu理lǐ。行xíng者zhě道dào：「说shuō得de有yǒu理lǐ。

Pilgrim said: "That is well said.

說得有理 takes 得 as de, the link between the verb and how it came out — spoken, and with reason in it. Wukong agrees. Hold that thought.

請qǐng師shī父fù先xiān去qù，我wǒ們men在zài此cǐ守shǒu待dài。」请qǐng师shī父fù先xiān去qù，我wǒ们men在zài此cǐ守shǒu待dài。」

Let the Master go on ahead; we shall wait here."

守待: keep watch and wait. They manage it right up until they are called.

總評 Commentary

The passage runs on Tripitaka's courtesy and his hard-won caution. Rather than let the whole party descend on a stranger's gate at night, he goes alone to ask for a bed — and his reasoning is comically precise: his disciples' faces will frighten somebody, the fright will cause trouble, and the trouble will lose them the lodging. Each step follows from the last, and every one of them is about to be proved right.

It is also stagecraft. The instruction not to 撒潑, not to make a scene if he is turned away, sets a rule that exists to be broken, and Wukong's ready 說得有理 — well said — only sharpens the joke, since the reader knows precisely who is being asked to wait quietly outside. The book is arranging its pieces: a mild monk at the door, three demon-quellers in the dark behind him, and a household that has never seen anything like them.