Canonical Classics ← 第四十七回
第四十七回
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The Holy Monk Is Barred at Night by the Water That Reaches the Sky · Metal and Wood, Extending Mercy, Rescue the Little Children

眾僧驚散
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

眾僧驚散 The Monks Scattered in the Hall

quèshuōsānxiōngwánchuǎngtīngfángshàngshuānlediūxiàxíngtīngzhōngyuányǒushàngniànjīngjièzhechángzuǐdào:「shàngniàndeshìshénmejīng?」xiēshàngtīngjiànwènleshēngrántáitóuquèshuōsānxiōngwánchuǎngtīngfángshàngshuānlediūxiàxíngtīngzhōngyuányǒushàngniànjīngjièzhechángzuǐdào:「shàngniàndeshìshénmejīng?」xiēshàngtīngjiànwènleshēngrántáitóu

guānkànwàiláirénzuǐchángěrduǒguānkànwàiláirénzuǐchángěrduǒ
shēnbèikuānshēngxiǎngléishēnbèikuānshēngxiǎngléi
xíngzhěshāsēngróngmàogèngchǒulòuxíngzhěshāsēngróngmàogèngchǒulòu
tīngtángzhòngsēngrénhàitīngtángzhòngsēngrénhài
shéháiniànjīngbānshǒujiàoxíngshéháiniànjīngbānshǒujiàoxíng
nánqìnglíngxiàngqiědiūxiànánqìnglíngxiàngqiědiūxià
chuīdēngjīngsànguāngzhàzhàchuīdēngjīngsànguāngzhàzhà
diēdiēménxiànzēngkuàdiēdiēménxiànzēngkuà
tóuzhuàngtóudǎojiàtóuzhuàngtóudǎojià
qīngqīnghǎodàochǎngfānchéngxiàohuàqīngqīnghǎodàochǎngfānchéngxiàohuà

zhèxiōngsānrénjiànxiēréndiēdiēzhezhǎngxiàoxiēsēngyuèjiāsǒngtóuzhuàngnǎoxìngmìngtōngpǎojìnglezhèxiōngsānrénjiànxiēréndiēdiēzhezhǎngxiàoxiēsēngyuèjiāsǒngtóuzhuàngnǎoxìngmìngtōngpǎojìngle


逐句解 Line by line

quèshuōsānxiōngwánchuǎngtīngfángshàngshuānlediūxiàxíng quèshuōsānxiōngwánchuǎngtīngfángshàngshuānlediūxiàxíng

Now the three rough fellows came charging into the hall, tethered the horse, and threw down the baggage.

兇頑 is fierce-and-unruly, the narrator's own verdict on the three of them. They tether the horse and drop the luggage in a room full of chanting monks without appearing to notice them. points — .

tīngzhōngyuányǒushàngniànjīngjièzhechángzuǐdào:「shàngniàndeshìshénmejīng?」 tīngzhōngyuányǒushàngniànjīngjièzhechángzuǐdào:「shàngniàndeshìshénmejīng?」

In the hall a few monks had been chanting the scriptures, when Eight Rules thrust out his long snout and bawled: "You monks — what sutra is it you are reciting?"

掬著長嘴 — thrusting the snout forward, as zhe — and then , read , to bellow, not the of drinking. Bajie's opening remark at a stranger's funeral service is to shout across the room asking what they think they are reciting. 那廳中 takes as and as zhōng; the of 那和尚 is too, pointing at them as he addresses them; in 長嘴 is cháng; is shén.

xiēshàngtīngjiànwènleshēngrántáitóu xiēshàngtīngjiànwènleshēngrántáitóu

Those monks, hearing the question shouted out, of a sudden raised their heads:

忽然擡頭, "of a sudden they raised their heads," is the cue: the line breaks at the colon and the verse takes over. 那些 points — .

guānkànwàiláirénzuǐchángěrduǒ guānkànwàiláirénzuǐchángěrduǒ

They looked at the strangers come from without — / snouts long and ears grown large,

The poem opens on what the monks see, which is Bajie in close-up. in 嘴長 is cháng.

shēnbèikuānshēngxiǎngléi shēnbèikuānshēngxiǎngléi

bodies coarse, shoulders broad, / voices booming like a thunderclap.

背膊 is shoulders and upper arms together. 如雷咋: like a crack of thunder.

xíngzhěshāsēngróngmàogèngchǒulòu xíngzhěshāsēngróngmàogèngchǒulòu

Pilgrim and Sha Monk / were of a countenance uglier still.

is gèng, "still more." Having got over the pig, they look at the other two and it gets worse.

tīngtángzhòngsēngrénhài tīngtángzhòngsēngrénhài

Of all the monks in the hall / not one was unafraid.

無人不害怕 — there was nobody not frightened — is another double negative used for emphasis, and the verse form makes it land like a drumbeat.

shéháiniànjīngbānshǒujiàoxíng shéháiniànjīngbānshǒujiàoxíng

The reader still droned the sutra, / but the precentor called the service off.

The service comes apart from the top down. 闍黎 (shé lí) is the officiant, a transcription of the Sanskrit ācārya, teacher; 班首 is the monk at the head of the rank who sets the pace, a precentor. The reader is still droning on when the precentor calls the whole thing off. is hái, "still"; 行罷 takes as , to break off.

nánqìnglíngxiàngqiědiūxià nánqìnglíngxiàngqiědiūxià

No thought now for chime-stone or bell, / the Buddha-images left where they lay.

is the stone chime struck to mark the chant; 佛像 the images on the altar, read . Dropping the instruments is bad; walking out on the images is worse, and the poem knows it.

chuīdēngjīngsànguāngzhàzhà chuīdēngjīngsànguāngzhàzhà

All at once they blew the lamps out, / scattering in a fitful flare of light.

驚散 takes as sàn, to scatter. 光乍乍 is the light going in flashes as the lamps are blown out one after another — a strobe effect, four hundred years early.

diēdiēménxiànzēngkuà diēdiēménxiànzēngkuà

Stumbling and scrambling, / when did any clear the threshold?

門限 is the raised door-sill of a Chinese house, ankle-high and easy to catch a foot on. 何曾跨: who ever got over it? In their hurry, nobody.

tóuzhuàngtóudǎojià tóuzhuàngtóudǎojià

Head knocking against head, / like a gourd-trellis toppled down.

似倒葫蘆架 — like a gourd-trellis going over — takes as and as dǎo. A gourd frame collapses all at once, in a tangle, with the fruit still attached. Anyone who has seen one come down will recognise the picture exactly.

qīngqīnghǎodàochǎngfānchéngxiàohuà qīngqīnghǎodàochǎngfānchéngxiàohuà

A pure and seemly ritual-ground / turned into a great burlesque.

道場 is the ritual ground, read cháng — the reading this project gives the character in verse and in event-measure use, keeping chǎng for a literal place. And 翻成大笑話: turned into a huge joke. The poem says so itself, which saves the narrator the trouble.

zhèxiōngsānrénjiànxiēréndiēdiēzhezhǎngxiào zhèxiōngsānrénjiànxiēréndiēdiēzhezhǎngxiào

The three brothers, seeing the people stumbling and scrambling, clapped their hands and roared with laughter.

那些人 points — ; 鼓著掌 takes as zhe. They stand there clapping.

xiēsēngyuèjiāsǒngtóuzhuàngnǎoxìngmìngtōngpǎojìngle xiēsēngyuèjiāsǒngtóuzhuàngnǎoxìngmìngtōngpǎojìngle

At which the monks grew the more terror-struck, and knocking heads and cracking pates, each looking to his own life, they all ran clean off.

磕頭撞腦 is banging heads and cracking skulls in the crush; 各顧性命, every man for himself. 通跑淨了 right the way, clean — is the sound of a hall emptying. 那些僧 points — .


總評 Commentary

The disciples turn a funeral service into a riot, and the book stages the rout as comic verse — which is why this passage carries the "with rhapsody" chip. The couplets work down the hall in order: the officiant still droning while the precentor calls a halt, chime-stone and bell abandoned, the Buddha-images left where they stand, the lamps blown out in a flicker, monks catching their feet on the door-sill and going down in a heap 似倒葫蘆架, like a gourd-trellis collapsing, until 清清好道場 — a decent, orderly rite — turns into a joke.

The comedy has a point under it. These three have terrorised armies and emptied palaces, and here they scatter a room of harmless monks by lifting their heads. Nobody strikes anybody. Three faces empty the room, and the three of them stand in the wreckage clapping and roaring with laughter, which makes the gap between what they look like and what they are for as wide as the book ever draws it. The chaos also completes the pilgrims' arrival: they are inside the house now, and the darker business waiting in it — a demon called the 靈感大王 and his yearly price in children — is only a few passages off.