Canonical Classics ← 第十五回
第十五回
蛇shé盤pán山shān諸zhū神shén暗àn佑yòu
鷹yīng愁chóu澗jiàn意yì馬mǎ收shōu韁jiāng

At Coiled-Snake Mountain the Gods Give Secret Protection · At Eagle-Grief Gorge the Will-Horse Takes the Rein

遙見廟宇
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

遙見廟宇 The Shrine Sighted from the Road

三sān藏zàng在zài馬mǎ上shàng遙yáo觀guān,忽hū見jiàn路lù傍páng一yí座zuò莊zhuāng院yuàn。三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,前qián面miàn人rén家jiā,可kě以yǐ借jiè宿sù,明míng早zǎo再zài行xíng。」行xíng者zhě擡tái頭tóu看kàn見jiàn道dào:「師shī父fù,不bú是shì人rén家jiā莊zhuāng院yuàn。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「如rú何hé不bú是shì?」行xíng者zhě道dào:「人rén家jiā莊zhuāng院yuàn,卻què沒méi飛fēi魚yú穩wěn獸shòu之zhī脊jǐ,這zhè斷duàn是shì個gè廟miào宇yǔ庵ān院yuàn。」三sān藏zàng在zài马mǎ上shàng遥yáo观guān,忽hū见jiàn路lù傍páng一yí座zuò庄zhuāng院yuàn。三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,前qián面miàn人rén家jiā,可kě以yǐ借jiè宿sù,明míng早zǎo再zài行xíng。」行xíng者zhě抬tái头tóu看kàn见jiàn道dào:「师shī父fù,不bú是shì人rén家jiā庄zhuāng院yuàn。」三sān藏zàng道dào:「如rú何hé不bú是shì?」行xíng者zhě道dào:「人rén家jiā庄zhuāng院yuàn,却què没méi飞fēi鱼yú稳wěn兽shòu之zhī脊jǐ,这zhè断duàn是shì个gè庙miào宇yǔ庵ān院yuàn。」


逐句解 Line by line

三sān藏zàng在zài馬mǎ上shàng遙yáo觀guān,忽hū見jiàn路lù傍páng一yí座zuò莊zhuāng院yuàn。 三sān藏zàng在zài马mǎ上shàng遥yáo观guān,忽hū见jiàn路lù傍páng一yí座zuò庄zhuāng院yuàn。

Sanzang, gazing out from horseback, caught sight all at once of a farmstead beside the road.

遙觀 is to gaze into the distance. 路傍 stands here for 路旁, "beside the road", and the character 傍 is accordingly read páng. 莊院 is a walled farm compound.

三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,前qián面miàn人rén家jiā,可kě以yǐ借jiè宿sù,明míng早zǎo再zài行xíng。」 三sān藏zàng道dào:「悟wù空kōng,前qián面miàn人rén家jiā,可kě以yǐ借jiè宿sù,明míng早zǎo再zài行xíng。」

Said Sanzang: "Wukong, there is a household ahead. We may beg a night's lodging there, and go on tomorrow at daybreak."

借宿 is to borrow a night's lodging. The monk's wants are, as ever, bodily and immediate. It was hunger and cold he raised while a Bodhisattva was being sent for.

行xíng者zhě擡tái頭tóu看kàn見jiàn道dào:「師shī父fù,不bú是shì人rén家jiā莊zhuāng院yuàn。」 行xíng者zhě抬tái头tóu看kàn见jiàn道dào:「师shī父fù,不bú是shì人rén家jiā庄zhuāng院yuàn。」

The Pilgrim raised his head, looked, and said: "Master, that is no farmstead."

擡頭看見 is "raised his head and saw". Eyes that can pick out a dragonfly at a thousand 里, put to purely domestic use.

三sān藏zàng道dào:「如rú何hé不bú是shì?」 三sān藏zàng道dào:「如rú何hé不bú是shì?」

Said Sanzang: "How is it not?"

The monk's habitual scepticism — which this chapter has spent nineteen pages teaching the reader to distrust.

行xíng者zhě道dào:「人rén家jiā莊zhuāng院yuàn,卻què沒méi飛fēi魚yú穩wěn獸shòu之zhī脊jǐ,這zhè斷duàn是shì個gè廟miào宇yǔ庵ān院yuàn。」 行xíng者zhě道dào:「人rén家jiā庄zhuāng院yuàn,却què没méi飞fēi鱼yú稳wěn兽shòu之zhī脊jǐ,这zhè断duàn是shì个gè庙miào宇yǔ庵ān院yuàn。」

Said the Pilgrim: "A farmstead has no flying fish and no crouching beasts along its ridge. This is certainly a temple or a hermitage."

飛魚穩獸 are roof ornaments: the fish and beast figures ranged along a ridge-tile. They were not decoration you could simply choose to buy. Sumptuary custom reserved them for temples and official halls, so a roofline in old China worked rather like a licence plate — it told you at a glance what a building was legally entitled to be. 脊 jǐ is the roof-ridge (the same character as the spine); 庵院 is a small hermitage. Wukong reads a roofline the way a clerk reads a title-deed.


總評 Commentary

A short exchange, and a quietly telling one. Sanzang looks at a building and sees supper. Wukong looks at the same building and reads the sumptuary law written along its roofline: flying fish and crouching beasts on the ridge-tiles were the prerogative of temples and official halls, never of a peasant's house.

It is worth asking how he knows. Not from ritual codes — he has never studied any — but from having spent several hundred years climbing on roofs, stealing from palaces and breaking into places he had no business in. The knowledge is a burglar's, and it is exactly right.

The pattern holds throughout the chapter. The disciple who cannot govern his temper, who insulted a Bodhisattva and lost a horse for want of saying his own name, is nevertheless the one who reliably sees what is actually in front of him. The master, who is unfailingly courteous and thoroughly devout, sees a farmhouse.