Canonical Classics ← 第十五回
第十五回
蛇shé盤pán山shān諸zhū神shén暗àn佑yòu
鷹yīng愁chóu澗jiàn意yì馬mǎ收shōu韁jiāng

At Coiled-Snake Mountain the Gods Give Secret Protection · At Eagle-Grief Gorge the Will-Horse Takes the Rein

鞍轡奉上
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition 含詞賦 With rhapsody

鞍轡奉上 The Saddle Presented

至zhì次cì早zǎo,行xíng者zhě起qǐ來lái道dào:「師shī父fù,那nà廟miào祝zhù老lǎo兒ér昨zuó晚wǎn許xǔ我wǒ們men鞍ān轡pèi,問wèn他tā要yào,不bú要yào饒ráo他tā。」說shuō未wèi了liǎo,只zhǐ見jiàn那nà老lǎo兒ér果guǒ擎qíng著zhe一yí副fù鞍ān轡pèi、襯chèn屜tì、韁jiāng籠lóng之zhī類lèi,凡fán馬mǎ上shàng一yí切qiè用yòng的de,無wú不bù全quán備bèi,放fàng在zài廊láng下xià道dào:「師shī父fù,鞍ān轡pèi奉fèng上shàng。」三sān藏zàng見jiàn了le,歡huān喜xǐ領lǐng受shòu。教jiào行xíng者zhě拿ná了le,背bèi上shàng馬mǎ看kàn,可kě相xiāng稱chèn否fǒu。行xíng者zhě走zǒu上shàng前qián,一yí件jiàn件jiàn的de取qǔ起qǐ看kàn了le,果guǒ然rán是shì些xiē好hǎo物wù。有yǒu詩shī為wéi證zhèng。詩shī曰yuē:至zhì次cì早zǎo,行xíng者zhě起qǐ来lái道dào:「师shī父fù,那nà庙miào祝zhù老lǎo儿ér昨zuó晚wǎn许xǔ我wǒ们men鞍ān辔pèi,问wèn他tā要yào,不bú要yào饶ráo他tā。」说shuō未wèi了liǎo,只zhǐ见jiàn那nà老lǎo儿ér果guǒ擎qíng着zhe一yí副fù鞍ān辔pèi、衬chèn屉tì、缰jiāng笼lóng之zhī类lèi,凡fán马mǎ上shàng一yí切qiè用yòng的de,无wú不bù全quán备bèi,放fàng在zài廊láng下xià道dào:「师shī父fù,鞍ān辔pèi奉fèng上shàng。」三sān藏zàng见jiàn了le,欢huān喜xǐ领lǐng受shòu。教jiào行xíng者zhě拿ná了le,背bèi上shàng马mǎ看kàn,可kě相xiāng称chèn否fǒu。行xíng者zhě走zǒu上shàng前qián,一yí件jiàn件jiàn的de取qǔ起qǐ看kàn了le,果guǒ然rán是shì些xiē好hǎo物wù。有yǒu诗shī为wéi证zhèng。诗shī曰yuē:

雕diāo鞍ān彩cǎi晃huǎng柬jiǎn銀yín星xīng,寶bǎo鐙dèng光guāng飛fēi金jīn線xiàn明míng。雕diāo鞍ān彩cǎi晃huǎng柬jiǎn银yín星xīng,宝bǎo镫dèng光guāng飞fēi金jīn线xiàn明míng。
襯chèn屜tì幾jǐ層céng絨róng苫shān疊dié,牽qiān韁jiāng三sān股gǔ紫zǐ絲sī繩shéng。衬chèn屉tì几jǐ层céng绒róng苫shān叠dié,牵qiān缰jiāng三sān股gǔ紫zǐ丝sī绳shéng。
轡pèi頭tóu皮pí劄zhā團tuán花huā粲càn,雲yún扇shàn描miáo金jīn舞wǔ獸shòu形xíng。辔pèi头tóu皮pí札zhā团tuán花huā粲càn,云yún扇shàn描miáo金jīn舞wǔ兽shòu形xíng。
環huán嚼jiáo叩kòu成chéng磨mó煉liàn鐵tiě,兩liǎng垂chuí蘸zhàn水shuǐ結jié毛máo纓yīng。环huán嚼jiáo叩kòu成chéng磨mó炼liàn铁tiě,两liǎng垂chuí蘸zhàn水shuǐ结jié毛máo缨yīng。

逐句解 Line by line

至zhì次cì早zǎo,行xíng者zhě起qǐ來lái道dào:「師shī父fù,那nà廟miào祝zhù老lǎo兒ér昨zuó晚wǎn許xǔ我wǒ們men鞍ān轡pèi,問wèn他tā要yào,不bú要yào饒ráo他tā。」 至zhì次cì早zǎo,行xíng者zhě起qǐ来lái道dào:「师shī父fù,那nà庙miào祝zhù老lǎo儿ér昨zuó晚wǎn许xǔ我wǒ们men鞍ān辔pèi,问wèn他tā要yào,不bú要yào饶ráo他tā。」

Early next morning the Pilgrim rose and said: "Master, that old temple-keeper promised us a saddle and bridle last night. Go and ask him for it, and do not let him off."

廟祝老兒 is the old shrine-keeper. 不要饒他 is "don't let him off". Wukong has filed last night's spontaneous act of charity as an outstanding invoice, to be collected before breakfast. 那 is the pointing nà.

說shuō未wèi了liǎo,只zhǐ見jiàn那nà老lǎo兒ér果guǒ擎qíng著zhe一yí副fù鞍ān轡pèi、襯chèn屜tì、韁jiāng籠lóng之zhī類lèi, 说shuō未wèi了liǎo,只zhǐ见jiàn那nà老lǎo儿ér果guǒ擎qíng着zhe一yí副fù鞍ān辔pèi、衬chèn屉tì、缰jiāng笼lóng之zhī类lèi,

Before he had done speaking, they saw the old man come, indeed bearing up a saddle and bridle, saddle-cloths, rein and headstall and the like —

說未了 takes 了 as liǎo, to finish — not the everyday toneless le. 擎著 is to hold something up in both hands, its 著 the unstressed zhe. 襯屜 are the cloths that go under the saddle; 韁籠 is the rein and the headstall. He was promised two things and brings the whole equipage — and he is already outside the door before anyone has knocked.

凡fán馬mǎ上shàng一yí切qiè用yòng的de,無wú不bù全quán備bèi,放fàng在zài廊láng下xià道dào:「師shī父fù,鞍ān轡pèi奉fèng上shàng。」 凡fán马mǎ上shàng一yí切qiè用yòng的de,无wú不bù全quán备bèi,放fàng在zài廊láng下xià道dào:「师shī父fù,鞍ān辔pèi奉fèng上shàng。」

everything that is used upon a horse, with nothing wanting; and he set them down beneath the eaves, saying: "Master, I offer up the saddle and bridle."

無不全備 is "there was nothing that was not complete"; 廊下 is beneath the gallery eaves. 奉上 is to present with both hands raised: the verb of a subject approaching a throne, used here by a man living on alms, to a monk passing through.

三sān藏zàng見jiàn了le,歡huān喜xǐ領lǐng受shòu。教jiào行xíng者zhě拿ná了le,背bèi上shàng馬mǎ看kàn,可kě相xiāng稱chèn否fǒu。 三sān藏zàng见jiàn了le,欢huān喜xǐ领lǐng受shòu。教jiào行xíng者zhě拿ná了le,背bèi上shàng马mǎ看kàn,可kě相xiāng称chèn否fǒu。

Sanzang, seeing them, received them with delight, and bade the Pilgrim take them up and lay them on the horse's back, to see whether they matched.

領受 is to accept a gift. 可相稱否 — 相 read xiāng, 稱 read chèn — is "whether they suit one another". The monk's first thought is whether it fits. The old man's first thought was the giving.

行xíng者zhě走zǒu上shàng前qián,一yí件jiàn件jiàn的de取qǔ起qǐ看kàn了le,果guǒ然rán是shì些xiē好hǎo物wù。 行xíng者zhě走zǒu上shàng前qián,一yí件jiàn件jiàn的de取qǔ起qǐ看kàn了le,果guǒ然rán是shì些xiē好hǎo物wù。

The Pilgrim went forward and lifted them one by one to look, and they were fine things indeed.

一件件的 is "piece by piece". Even Wukong, who proposed an hour ago to extort these things by force, is silenced by their quality.

有yǒu詩shī為wéi證zhèng。詩shī曰yuē: 有yǒu诗shī为wéi证zhèng。诗shī曰yuē:

There is a poem to attest it. The poem says:

有詩為證, with 為 read wéi, "to serve as". This is the chapter's third and last regulated poem, and the only one that describes an object rather than a scene.

雕diāo鞍ān彩cǎi晃huǎng柬jiǎn銀yín星xīng,寶bǎo鐙dèng光guāng飛fēi金jīn線xiàn明míng。 雕diāo鞍ān彩cǎi晃huǎng柬jiǎn银yín星xīng,宝bǎo镫dèng光guāng飞fēi金jīn线xiàn明míng。

The carved saddle glints with colour, bound about with stars of silver; the precious stirrups fly with light, and the gold thread shines.

雕鞍 is a carved saddle; 柬 is here in the sense of binding or fastening; 寶鐙 dèng are the stirrups. The poem is an inventory raised to praise — the manner of the old rhapsodies written on arms and chariots, applied to horse tack.

襯chèn屜tì幾jǐ層céng絨róng苫shān疊dié,牽qiān韁jiāng三sān股gǔ紫zǐ絲sī繩shéng。 衬chèn屉tì几jǐ层céng绒róng苫shān叠dié,牵qiān缰jiāng三sān股gǔ紫zǐ丝sī绳shéng。

Saddle-cloths, layer on layer of felted matting piled; a leading-rein of three strands, of purple silken cord.

襯屜 are the under-cloths; 絨苫 róng shān is a felted mat; 三股 is "of three plaits". The catalogue is exact in the way a horseman's would be — because that is what it is, an old man's memory of everything a good horse ought to have.

轡pèi頭tóu皮pí劄zhā團tuán花huā粲càn,雲yún扇shàn描miáo金jīn舞wǔ獸shòu形xíng。 辔pèi头tóu皮pí札zhā团tuán花huā粲càn,云yún扇shàn描miáo金jīn舞wǔ兽shòu形xíng。

The bridle-head, stitched in leather, is bright with rounded flowers; the cloud-shaped flaps, traced in gold, show beasts at their dancing.

轡頭 is the headstall; 皮劄 is stitched with leather; 團花 is the roundel-flower pattern. 雲扇 are the cloud-shaped leather flaps that hang at the saddle's side; 描金 is traced out in gold.

環huán嚼jiáo叩kòu成chéng磨mó煉liàn鐵tiě,兩liǎng垂chuí蘸zhàn水shuǐ結jié毛máo纓yīng。 环huán嚼jiáo叩kòu成chéng磨mó炼liàn铁tiě,两liǎng垂chuí蘸zhàn水shuǐ结jié毛máo缨yīng。

Ring and bit are beaten out of tempered iron; and from the two hanging straps, dipped in water, are knotted tassels of hair.

環嚼, with 嚼 read jiáo, is the ring and the bit. And note precisely where a bit sits: on the 橫骨, the crosswise bone of the mouth — which is exactly where the little dragon took it when Guanyin transformed him and he assented in his heart of hearts, having no other way left to speak. 磨煉鐵 is iron ground and tempered; 毛纓 are tassels of hair. Of everything the poem might have closed on, it closes on the rein.


總評 Commentary

The chapter's third regulated poem is a catalogue: saddle, stirrups, cloths, rein, headstall, flaps, ring, bit and tassels, each named with the exactness of a man who once owned a good horse and has not forgotten a single thing one needs. Set beside the two earlier poems — the gorge in its terrible clarity, the Buddha preaching the pāramitā — an inventory of harness might look like a descent.

It is not. The novel has spent this entire chapter arguing that the road west is not travelled by force, and the harness is the instrument by which a devoured horse, become a dragon, become a horse again, is finally made able to carry a man. Nobody in the story can be bothered to be impressed by it. The poem is.

Notice where it chooses to end. Of all the gear it might have finished on — the gilt flaps, the purple rein, the silver-starred saddle — it ends on 環嚼, ring and bit, hammered out of tempered iron. The bit rests on the 橫骨, the crosswise mouth-bone, and that is precisely where the little dragon took it when he consented 心心, in his heart of hearts, having no other way left to speak. 鷹愁澗意馬收韁: the will-horse takes the rein. The poem has been describing the chapter title all along.