日暮投宿 Nightfall on the Road
同師前進,不覺的紅日沉西,天光漸晚。但見:同师前进,不觉的红日沉西,天光渐晚。但见:
逐句解 Line by line
They went forward together, master and disciple, and before they were aware the red sun had sunk in the west and the light of the sky grew late. And this was the sight:
不覺的 is "before they were aware". 但見 raises the curtain on descriptive verse, and this is the third time the chapter has used it — once for the gorge, once for the duel, and now for nightfall.
Thin clouds in tangled disarray; the mountain moon dim and blurred.
撩亂 is tangled, in disarray; 昏蒙 is dusky and clouded. The rhapsody opens in paired four-character units, which is the standard first gear of the form.
Frost-colour fills the whole sky and breeds cold; the sound of wind on four sides pierces the body.
霜色 is the colour of frost; 透體 is to pierce clean through the body. The lines convert sight into sensation: the sky's colour is felt as cold, the wind's sound as a wound.
Where the lone bird goes, the grey islet stretches wide; where the sinking rose-cloud brightens, the far hills lie low.
渚 zhǔ is a small islet in a stream; 落霞 is the falling rose-cloud of sunset. The line stretches to seven syllables here, opening the scene out exactly as the light does.
In the thin wood a thousand trees roar; on the empty ridge one gibbon cries.
疏林 is thin, sparse woodland. The cry of a lone gibbon is the oldest signal of desolation in Chinese verse — a thousand years older than this novel, and instantly legible to any reader of the time, the way a lone wolf howl is to us. And the line contracts to five syllables, the landscape tightening as night comes down.
On the long road no traveller's track is seen; ten thousand lǐ off, a homeward boat puts in at nightfall.
長途 takes 長 as cháng, long; 行人 is the traveller, with 行 read xíng. The rhapsody ends on the only arrival it contains — a boat coming home at nightfall — and the boat belongs to somebody else. The pilgrims have no home to reach. They have a road.
This small rhapsody is an exercise in tightening and loosening. Four-character units for the clouded moon, six for the frost and the wind, seven for the widening islet and the far hills, five for the roaring wood and the gibbon, and seven again to close. The scene contracts and opens as the light fails, and the movement is entirely deliberate: the form is doing what the words describe.
Its last line is the sting. Everything before it is emptiness — a lone bird leaving, one gibbon on a bare ridge, a long road with no footprint on it. Then, ten thousand 里 away, a boat comes home. The pilgrims have just been ferried across a gorge by a boatman who dissolved into midstream, and they are about to go and beg a bed from strangers. The homeward boat is the one thing in the whole landscape with somewhere to arrive, and it is not theirs.