第三十六回 · 鳴鐘擂鼓 The Bell and the Drum — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

鳴鐘擂鼓 The Bell and the Drum

那nà道dào人rén沒méi奈nài何hé，捨shě了le性xìng命mìng，不bù敢gǎn撞zhuàng門mén，從cóng後hòu邊biān狗gǒu洞dòng裡lǐ鑽zuān將jiāng出chū去qù，徑jìng到dào正zhèng殿diàn上shàng，東dōng邊biān打dǎ鼓gǔ，西xī邊biān撞zhuàng鐘zhōng。鐘zhōng鼓gǔ一yì齊qí響xiǎng處chù，驚jīng動dòng了le兩liǎng廊láng大dà小xiǎo僧sēng眾zhòng，上shàng殿diàn問wèn道dào：「這zhè早zǎo還hái不bù晚wǎn哩li，撞zhuàng鐘zhōng打dǎ鼓gǔ做zuò甚shén？」道dào人rén說shuō：「快kuài換huàn衣yī服fú，隨suí老lǎo師shī父fù排pái班bān，出chū山shān門mén外wài，迎yíng接jiē唐táng朝cháo來lái的de老lǎo爺yé。」那nà眾zhòng和hé尚shàng真zhēn個gè齊qí齊qí整zhěng整zhěng，擺bǎi班bān出chū門mén迎yíng接jiē。有yǒu的de披pī了le袈jiā裟shā；有yǒu的de著zhuó了le偏piān衫shān；無wú的de穿chuān著zhe個gè一yì口kǒu鐘zhōng直zhí裰duō；十shí分fēn窮qióng的de，沒méi有yǒu長cháng衣yī服fú，就jiù把bǎ腰yāo裙qún接jiē起qǐ兩liǎng條tiáo披pī在zài身shēn上shàng。行xíng者zhě看kàn見jiàn道dào：「和hé尚shàng，你nǐ穿chuān的de是shì甚shén麼me衣yī服fú？」和hé尚shàng見jiàn他tā醜chǒu惡è，道dào：「爺yé爺ye，不bú要yào打dǎ，等děng我wǒ說shuō。這zhè是shì我wǒ們men城chéng中zhōng化huà的de布bù，此cǐ間jiān沒méi有yǒu裁cái縫fèng，是shì自zì家jiā做zuò的de個gè一yì裹guǒ窮qióng。」那nà道dào人rén没méi奈nài何hé，舍shě了le性xìng命mìng，不bù敢gǎn撞zhuàng门mén，从cóng后hòu边biān狗gǒu洞dòng里lǐ钻zuān将jiāng出chū去qù，径jìng到dào正zhèng殿diàn上shàng，东dōng边biān打dǎ鼓gǔ，西xī边biān撞zhuàng钟zhōng。钟zhōng鼓gǔ一yì齐qí响xiǎng处chù，惊jīng动dòng了le两liǎng廊láng大dà小xiǎo僧sēng众zhòng，上shàng殿diàn问wèn道dào：「这zhè早zǎo还hái不bù晚wǎn哩li，撞zhuàng钟zhōng打dǎ鼓gǔ做zuò甚shén？」道dào人rén说shuō：「快kuài换huàn衣yī服fú，随suí老lǎo师shī父fù排pái班bān，出chū山shān门mén外wài，迎yíng接jiē唐táng朝cháo来lái的de老lǎo爷yé。」那nà众zhòng和hé尚shàng真zhēn个gè齐qí齐qí整zhěng整zhěng，摆bǎi班bān出chū门mén迎yíng接jiē。有yǒu的de披pī了le袈jiā裟shā；有yǒu的de着zhuó了le偏piān衫shān；无wú的de穿chuān着zhe个gè一yì口kǒu钟zhōng直zhí裰duō；十shí分fēn穷qióng的de，没méi有yǒu长cháng衣yī服fú，就jiù把bǎ腰yāo裙qún接jiē起qǐ两liǎng条tiáo披pī在zài身shēn上shàng。行xíng者zhě看kàn见jiàn道dào：「和hé尚shàng，你nǐ穿chuān的de是shì甚shén么me衣yī服fú？」和hé尚shàng见jiàn他tā丑chǒu恶è，道dào：「爷yé爷ye，不bú要yào打dǎ，等děng我wǒ说shuō。这zhè是shì我wǒ们men城chéng中zhōng化huà的de布bù，此cǐ间jiān没méi有yǒu裁cái缝fèng，是shì自zì家jiā做zuò的de个gè一yì裹guǒ穷qióng。」

逐句解 Line by line

那nà道dào人rén沒méi奈nài何hé，捨shě了le性xìng命mìng，不bù敢gǎn撞zhuàng門mén，從cóng後hòu邊biān狗gǒu洞dòng裡lǐ鑽zuān將jiāng出chū去qù，徑jìng到dào正zhèng殿diàn上shàng，東dōng邊biān打dǎ鼓gǔ，西xī邊biān撞zhuàng鐘zhōng。那nà道dào人rén没méi奈nài何hé，舍shě了le性xìng命mìng，不bù敢gǎn撞zhuàng门mén，从cóng后hòu边biān狗gǒu洞dòng里lǐ钻zuān将jiāng出chū去qù，径jìng到dào正zhèng殿diàn上shàng，东dōng边biān打dǎ鼓gǔ，西xī边biān撞zhuàng钟zhōng。

The servitor, at his wits' end, risked his neck: not daring the door, he wriggled out through the dog-hole in the back, went straight up to the main hall, and beat the drum on the east side and struck the bell on the west.

He does not risk the front door. 沒奈何 is having no recourse; 狗洞 is the gap at the foot of a wall that a dog gets through; 鑽將出去 is to squeeze out, 將 the directional jiāng. Bell and drum together are the signal that brings the whole community out.

鐘zhōng鼓gǔ一yì齊qí響xiǎng處chù，驚jīng動dòng了le兩liǎng廊láng大dà小xiǎo僧sēng眾zhòng，上shàng殿diàn問wèn道dào：「這zhè早zǎo還hái不bù晚wǎn哩li，撞zhuàng鐘zhōng打dǎ鼓gǔ做zuò甚shén？」钟zhōng鼓gǔ一yì齐qí响xiǎng处chù，惊jīng动dòng了le两liǎng廊láng大dà小xiǎo僧sēng众zhòng，上shàng殿diàn问wèn道dào：「这zhè早zǎo还hái不bù晚wǎn哩li，撞zhuàng钟zhōng打dǎ鼓gǔ做zuò甚shén？」

As bell and drum sounded together, they startled the monks great and small in both galleries, who came up to the hall and asked: "It's early yet, not late — what's the bell and drum for?"

兩廊 are the two galleries flanking the hall. Bell and drum out of hours means something serious. 還 is hái; 甚 is shén.

道dào人rén說shuō：「快kuài換huàn衣yī服fú，隨suí老lǎo師shī父fù排pái班bān，出chū山shān門mén外wài，迎yíng接jiē唐táng朝cháo來lái的de老lǎo爺yé。」道dào人rén说shuō：「快kuài换huàn衣yī服fú，随suí老lǎo师shī父fù排pái班bān，出chū山shān门mén外wài，迎yíng接jiē唐táng朝cháo来lái的de老lǎo爷yé。」

The servitor said: "Quick, change your robes, form ranks behind the old master, and go out the temple gate to welcome the lord come from Tang."

排班 is to line up in formation; 唐朝 is the Tang court, 朝 read cháo.

那nà眾zhòng和hé尚shàng真zhēn個gè齊qí齊qí整zhěng整zhěng，擺bǎi班bān出chū門mén迎yíng接jiē。那nà众zhòng和hé尚shàng真zhēn个gè齐qí齐qí整zhěng整zhěng，摆bǎi班bān出chū门mén迎yíng接jiē。

The monks, sure enough, formed up in good order and marched out to welcome him.

齊齊整整 is in neat array. 那 is nà, 和尚 takes hé.

有yǒu的de披pī了le袈jiā裟shā；有yǒu的de披pī了le袈jiā裟shā；

Some had draped on their kāṣāyas;

披 is to drape over the shoulders; the 袈裟 is the kashaya, the patchwork robe, and the correct thing to wear.

有yǒu的de著zhuó了le偏piān衫shān；有yǒu的de着zhuó了le偏piān衫shān；

some had put on the shoulder-robe;

Next best. The 偏衫 is a monastic upper garment with a history: the old accounts say it was devised in the Northern Wei palace, where monks baring the right shoulder in the Indian manner struck the court as indecorous, so a panel was added on one side to cover both shoulders and sleeves. 著 is zhuó, to put on.

無wú的de穿chuān著zhe個gè一yì口kǒu鐘zhōng直zhí裰duō；无wú的de穿chuān着zhe个gè一yì口kǒu钟zhōng直zhí裰duō；

those with neither wore a bell-shaped gown;

Next best after that. A 直裰 is the long straight-seamed gown, the everyday robe; 一口鐘, "a single bell," names a cloak that flares out like one — the novel uses the word again in chapter 46 for a ragged old garment pulled out of a chest. 著 is zhe, the running one.

十shí分fēn窮qióng的de，沒méi有yǒu長cháng衣yī服fú，就jiù把bǎ腰yāo裙qún接jiē起qǐ兩liǎng條tiáo披pī在zài身shēn上shàng。十shí分fēn穷qióng的de，没méi有yǒu长cháng衣yī服fú，就jiù把bǎ腰yāo裙qún接jiē起qǐ两liǎng条tiáo披pī在zài身shēn上shàng。

and the very poorest, having no long robe, joined two waist-cloths together and draped them over their bodies.

And at the bottom of the scale, two waist-cloths stitched together. 十分 is utterly, 分 read fēn; 長衣服 is a long robe, 長 read cháng; 腰裙 is the waist-wrap.

行xíng者zhě看kàn見jiàn道dào：「和hé尚shàng，你nǐ穿chuān的de是shì甚shén麼me衣yī服fú？」行xíng者zhě看kàn见jiàn道dào：「和hé尚shàng，你nǐ穿chuān的de是shì甚shén么me衣yī服fú？」

The Pilgrim, seeing this, said: "Monk, what sort of robe is that you're wearing?"

行 is xíng, 和尚 takes hé, 甚 is shén.

和hé尚shàng見jiàn他tā醜chǒu惡è，道dào：「爺yé爺ye，不bú要yào打dǎ，等děng我wǒ說shuō。和hé尚shàng见jiàn他tā丑chǒu恶è，道dào：「爷yé爷ye，不bú要yào打dǎ，等děng我wǒ说shuō。

The monk, seeing how fierce he looked, said: "My lord, don't hit me — let me explain."

醜惡 is hideous and fearsome. Everybody in this temple now negotiates from the same opening position.

這zhè是shì我wǒ們men城chéng中zhōng化huà的de布bù，此cǐ間jiān沒méi有yǒu裁cái縫fèng，是shì自zì家jiā做zuò的de個gè一yì裹guǒ窮qióng。」这zhè是shì我wǒ们men城chéng中zhōng化huà的de布bù，此cǐ间jiān没méi有yǒu裁cái缝fèng，是shì自zì家jiā做zuò的de个gè一yì裹guǒ穷qióng。」

"This is cloth we begged in the city; there's no tailor here, so we made it ourselves — a 'one-wrap poverty.'"

And the answer is the best joke in the passage. They beg their cloth in the city, there is no tailor, so they sew it themselves and call the result a 一裹窮, yì guǒ qióng — "one wrap of poverty," a garment named for the condition it advertises. Later commentators on the novel liked the phrase enough to turn it back on the wearers, calling them 一裹窮 men. 化的布 is cloth got by begging; 中 is zhōng.

總評 Commentary

The reversal is enacted as ritual. The terrified servant, not daring the front door, wriggles out through the dog-hole, beats the bell and drum out of hours — the signal for something momentous — and the whole community, roused and hastily robed, marches out to welcome the pilgrim their abbot had scorned. The narrator lingers on what they are wearing: some in proper kashayas, some in shoulder-robes, some in a bell-shaped gown, and the poorest in two waist-cloths sewn end to end.

The detail is not incidental. This is a large but genuinely poor community — five hundred licensed monks who beg their cloth in the city and stitch their own "one wrap of poverty" — which sharpens the satire on the abbot who lorded it over a shabby stranger. Wukong's blunt question about their clothes, and the frightened, self-mocking answer, keep the comedy running while the scene turns the chapter's social order upside down: the poor and the humble, not the powerful, now do the honouring.