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僧官傲慢
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原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

僧官傲慢 The Abbot's Contempt

那nà道dào人rén急jí到dào方fāng丈zhàng報bào道dào:「老lǎo爺yé,外wài面miàn有yǒu個gè人rén來lái了le。」那nà僧sēng官guān即jí起qǐ身shēn,換huàn了le衣yī服fú,按àn一yí按àn毘pí盧lú帽mào,披pī上shàng袈jiā裟shā,急jí開kāi門mén迎yíng接jiē,問wèn道dào人rén:「那nà裡lǐ人rén來lái?」道dào人rén用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ定dìng道dào:「那nà正zhèng殿diàn後hòu邊biān不bú是shì一yí個gè人rén?」那nà三sān藏zàng光guāng著zhe一yí個gè頭tóu,穿chuān一yì領lǐng二èr十shí五wǔ條tiáo達dá摩mó衣yī,足zú下xià登dēng一yì雙shuāng拖tuō泥ní帶dài水shuǐ的de達dá公gōng鞋xié,斜xié倚yǐ在zài那nà後hòu門mén首shǒu。僧sēng官guān見jiàn了le,大dà怒nù道dào:「道dào人rén少shǎo打dǎ!你nǐ豈qǐ不bù知zhī我wǒ是shì僧sēng官guān,但dàn只zhǐ有yǒu城chéng上shàng來lái的de士shì夫fū降jiàng香xiāng,我wǒ方fāng出chū來lái迎yíng接jiē?這zhè等děng個gè和hé尚shàng,你nǐ怎zěn麼me多duō虛xū少shǎo實shí,報bào我wǒ接jiē他tā?看kàn他tā那nà嘴zuǐ臉liǎn,不bú是shì個gè誠chéng實shí的de,多duō是shì雲yún遊yóu方fāng上shàng僧sēng,今jīn日rì天tiān晚wǎn,想xiǎng是shì要yào來lái借jiè宿sù。我wǒ們men方fāng丈zhàng中zhōng,豈qǐ容róng他tā打dǎ攪jiǎo?教jiào他tā往wǎng前qián廊láng下xià蹲dūn罷bà了le,報bào我wǒ怎zěn麼me?」抽chōu身shēn轉zhuǎn去qù。那nà道dào人rén急jí到dào方fāng丈zhàng报bào道dào:「老lǎo爷yé,外wài面miàn有yǒu个gè人rén来lái了le。」那nà僧sēng官guān即jí起qǐ身shēn,换huàn了le衣yī服fú,按àn一yí按àn毘pí卢lú帽mào,披pī上shàng袈jiā裟shā,急jí开kāi门mén迎yíng接jiē,问wèn道dào人rén:「那nà里lǐ人rén来lái?」道dào人rén用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ定dìng道dào:「那nà正zhèng殿diàn后hòu边biān不bú是shì一yí个gè人rén?」那nà三sān藏zàng光guāng着zhe一yí个gè头tóu,穿chuān一yì领lǐng二èr十shí五wǔ条tiáo达dá摩mó衣yī,足zú下xià登dēng一yì双shuāng拖tuō泥ní带dài水shuǐ的de达dá公gōng鞋xié,斜xié倚yǐ在zài那nà后hòu门mén首shǒu。僧sēng官guān见jiàn了le,大dà怒nù道dào:「道dào人rén少shǎo打dǎ!你nǐ岂qǐ不bù知zhī我wǒ是shì僧sēng官guān,但dàn只zhǐ有yǒu城chéng上shàng来lái的de士shì夫fū降jiàng香xiāng,我wǒ方fāng出chū来lái迎yíng接jiē?这zhè等děng个gè和hé尚shàng,你nǐ怎zěn么me多duō虚xū少shǎo实shí,报bào我wǒ接jiē他tā?看kàn他tā那nà嘴zuǐ脸liǎn,不bú是shì个gè诚chéng实shí的de,多duō是shì云yún游yóu方fāng上shàng僧sēng,今jīn日rì天tiān晚wǎn,想xiǎng是shì要yào来lái借jiè宿sù。我wǒ们men方fāng丈zhàng中zhōng,岂qǐ容róng他tā打dǎ搅jiǎo?教jiào他tā往wǎng前qián廊láng下xià蹲dūn罢bà了le,报bào我wǒ怎zěn么me?」抽chōu身shēn转zhuǎn去qù。


逐句解 Line by line

那nà道dào人rén急jí到dào方fāng丈zhàng報bào道dào:「老lǎo爺yé,外wài面miàn有yǒu個gè人rén來lái了le。」 那nà道dào人rén急jí到dào方fāng丈zhàng报bào道dào:「老lǎo爷yé,外wài面miàn有yǒu个gè人rén来lái了le。」

The servitor hurried to the abbot's quarters and reported: "Your Reverence, someone has come outside."

方丈 is the abbot's quarters and, by a short step, the abbot. 老爺 is a deferential "sir" or "your honour"; 那 is nà.

那nà僧sēng官guān即jí起qǐ身shēn,換huàn了le衣yī服fú,按àn一yí按àn毘pí盧lú帽mào,披pī上shàng袈jiā裟shā,急jí開kāi門mén迎yíng接jiē,問wèn道dào人rén:「那nà裡lǐ人rén來lái?」 那nà僧sēng官guān即jí起qǐ身shēn,换huàn了le衣yī服fú,按àn一yí按àn毘pí卢lú帽mào,披pī上shàng袈jiā裟shā,急jí开kāi门mén迎yíng接jiē,问wèn道dào人rén:「那nà里lǐ人rén来lái?」

The abbot rose at once, changed his robe, settled his Vairocana cap, threw on his kāṣāya, hurried to open the door in welcome, and asked the servitor: "Where has this visitor come from?"

Watch him dress. A 僧官 is a monk holding official rank — a state appointment, not merely a spiritual office, which explains a good deal about his manners. The 毘盧帽, "Vairocana cap," is a five-lobed ceremonial hat, and the 袈裟 is the kashaya, the patchwork robe. A man does not put all that on for a passing stranger; he is expecting somebody worth impressing.

道dào人rén用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ定dìng道dào:「那nà正zhèng殿diàn後hòu邊biān不bú是shì一yí個gè人rén?」 道dào人rén用yòng手shǒu指zhǐ定dìng道dào:「那nà正zhèng殿diàn后hòu边biān不bú是shì一yí个gè人rén?」

The servitor pointed and said: "Isn't that a man there, behind the main hall?"

指定 is to point out. 那 is nà.

那nà三sān藏zàng光guāng著zhe一yí個gè頭tóu,穿chuān一yì領lǐng二èr十shí五wǔ條tiáo達dá摩mó衣yī,足zú下xià登dēng一yì雙shuāng拖tuō泥ní帶dài水shuǐ的de達dá公gōng鞋xié,斜xié倚yǐ在zài那nà後hòu門mén首shǒu。 那nà三sān藏zàng光guāng着zhe一yí个gè头tóu,穿chuān一yì领lǐng二èr十shí五wǔ条tiáo达dá摩mó衣yī,足zú下xià登dēng一yì双shuāng拖tuō泥ní带dài水shuǐ的de达dá公gōng鞋xié,斜xié倚yǐ在zài那nà后hòu门mén首shǒu。

There stood Tripitaka, bare-headed, wearing a twenty-five-strip Dharma robe and, on his feet, a pair of mud-draggled monk's sandals, leaning aslant by the back door.

And what he sees is a shabby traveller leaning on a doorframe. 光著 is bare, with 著 as the running zhe — bare-headed, in this case. The 二十五條達摩衣 is a kashaya sewn from twenty-five strips, and 達公鞋 are rough monk's sandals — both named for Bodhidharma, 達 read dá, the way an English maker's name attaches to a style. 拖泥帶水, "dragging mud and trailing water," is still the idiom for anything sloppy or half-done, and here it is being used with unusual literalness. 那 is nà.

僧sēng官guān見jiàn了le,大dà怒nù道dào:「道dào人rén少shǎo打dǎ! 僧sēng官guān见jiàn了le,大dà怒nù道dào:「道dào人rén少shǎo打dǎ!

The abbot, seeing him, flew into a rage: "You servitor, you're asking for a beating!"

少打 is a scolding threat, roughly "you're one step short of a beating," 少 read shǎo. Note who gets shouted at: not the visitor, the servant.

你nǐ豈qǐ不bù知zhī我wǒ是shì僧sēng官guān,但dàn只zhǐ有yǒu城chéng上shàng來lái的de士shì夫fū降jiàng香xiāng,我wǒ方fāng出chū來lái迎yíng接jiē? 你nǐ岂qǐ不bù知zhī我wǒ是shì僧sēng官guān,但dàn只zhǐ有yǒu城chéng上shàng来lái的de士shì夫fū降jiàng香xiāng,我wǒ方fāng出chū来lái迎yíng接jiē?

"Don't you know that I am the abbot, and come out only to receive gentlemen from the city who come to offer incense?"

He states his policy without embarrassment. 士夫 are gentlemen and officials; 降香 is to offer incense, 降 read jiàng. Courtesy is reserved for donors.

這zhè等děng個gè和hé尚shàng,你nǐ怎zěn麼me多duō虛xū少shǎo實shí,報bào我wǒ接jiē他tā? 这zhè等děng个gè和hé尚shàng,你nǐ怎zěn么me多duō虚xū少shǎo实shí,报bào我wǒ接jiē他tā?

"A monk of this sort — why do you make so much of nothing and report him for me to receive?"

多虛少實 is "much empty show, little substance," 少 read shǎo.

看kàn他tā那nà嘴zuǐ臉liǎn,不bú是shì個gè誠chéng實shí的de,多duō是shì雲yún遊yóu方fāng上shàng僧sēng,今jīn日rì天tiān晚wǎn,想xiǎng是shì要yào來lái借jiè宿sù。 看kàn他tā那nà嘴zuǐ脸liǎn,不bú是shì个gè诚chéng实shí的de,多duō是shì云yún游yóu方fāng上shàng僧sēng,今jīn日rì天tiān晚wǎn,想xiǎng是shì要yào来lái借jiè宿sù。

"Look at that face of his — no honest man; most likely a wandering mendicant, and now the day's late he'll be wanting to beg a night's lodging."

嘴臉 is "mug"; 雲遊方上僧 is a cloud-wandering itinerant monk — which is exactly what Tripitaka is, and exactly what the abbot despises. 那 is nà.

我wǒ們men方fāng丈zhàng中zhōng,豈qǐ容róng他tā打dǎ攪jiǎo? 我wǒ们men方fāng丈zhàng中zhōng,岂qǐ容róng他tā打dǎ搅jiǎo?

"Would I let him disturb our abbot's quarters?"

打攪 is to disturb or trouble; 中 is zhōng.

教jiào他tā往wǎng前qián廊láng下xià蹲dūn罷bà了le,報bào我wǒ怎zěn麼me?」 教jiào他tā往wǎng前qián廊láng下xià蹲dūn罢bà了le,报bào我wǒ怎zěn么me?」

"Just send him to squat under the front verandah and be done — why report to me?"

The sentence: squat outside. 蹲 is to squat or crouch; 罷了 is the dismissive "and that's that," 罷 read bà; 教 is jiào, to make or tell somebody do something.

抽chōu身shēn轉zhuǎn去qù。 抽chōu身shēn转zhuǎn去qù。

And he turned on his heel and went off.

抽身轉去 is to draw back and turn away. He does not give the matter a second thought, which is the last comfortable moment he will have in this chapter.


總評 Commentary

The abbot is introduced through a small, damning sequence. Told a visitor has come, he dresses with care — a change of robe, the Vairocana cap settled, the kashaya thrown on — plainly expecting somebody worth the effort. The instant he sees a travel-worn monk leaning by the back door his manner curdles: he berates his own servant for troubling him, announces that he comes out only for city gentlemen bringing incense, and orders the stranger sent to squat under the eaves.

The satire is characteristic of the novel and it is aimed carefully. This is a Buddhist abbot, keeper of a rich house full of images of compassion, who judges a fellow monk entirely by his clothes and saves every courtesy for the powerful. His snobbery inverts everything his establishment professes. Tripitaka's earnest reverence before the temple statuary, two passages ago, now stands directly against the unkindness of the living man who runs the place.