Canonical Classics ← 第四十八回
第四十八回
魔mó弄nòng寒hán風fēng飄piāo大dà雪xuě
僧sēng思sī拜bài佛fó履lǚ層céng冰bīng

The Fiend Stirs a Cold Wind and Sends Down Great Snow · The Monk, Set on Worshipping the Buddha, Treads the Layered Ice

廟中設祭
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script 繁
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

廟中設祭 The Sacrifice Set Out in the Shrine

話huà說shuō陳chén家jiā莊zhuāng眾zhòng信xìn人rén等děng,將jiāng豬zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ與yǔ行xíng者zhě、八bā戒jiè,喧xuān喧xuān嚷rǎng嚷rǎng,直zhí擡tái至zhì靈líng感gǎn廟miào裡lǐ排pái下xià;將jiāng童tóng男nán女nǚ設shè在zài上shàng首shǒu。行xíng者zhě回huí頭tóu看kàn見jiàn那nà供gòng桌zhuō上shàng香xiāng花huā蠟là燭zhú,正zhèng面miàn一yí個gè金jīn字zì牌pái位wèi,上shàng寫xiě「靈líng感gǎn大dà王wáng之zhī神shén」,更gèng無wú別bié的de神shén像xiàng。眾zhòng信xìn擺bǎi列liè停tíng當dàng,一yì齊qí朝cháo上shàng叩kòu頭tóu道dào:「大dà王wáng爺yé爺ye,今jīn年nián今jīn月yuè今jīn日rì今jīn時shí,陳chén家jiā莊zhuāng祭jì主zhǔ陳chén澄chéng等děng眾zhòng信xìn,年nián甲jiǎ不bù齊qí,謹jǐn遵zūn年nián例lì,供gòng獻xiàn童tóng男nán一yì名míng陳chén關guān保bǎo、童tóng女nǚ一yì名míng陳chén一yí秤chèng金jīn,豬zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ如rú數shù,奉fèng上shàng大dà王wáng享xiǎng用yòng。保bǎo佑yòu風fēng調tiáo雨yǔ順shùn,五wǔ穀gǔ豐fēng登dēng。」祝zhù罷bà,燒shāo了le紙zhǐ馬mǎ,各gè回huí本běn宅zhái不bù題tí。话huà说shuō陈chén家jiā庄zhuāng众zhòng信xìn人rén等děng,将jiāng猪zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ与yǔ行xíng者zhě、八bā戒jiè,喧xuān喧xuān嚷rǎng嚷rǎng,直zhí抬tái至zhì灵líng感gǎn庙miào里lǐ排pái下xià;将jiāng童tóng男nán女nǚ设shè在zài上shàng首shǒu。行xíng者zhě回huí头tóu看kàn见jiàn那nà供gòng桌zhuō上shàng香xiāng花huā蜡là烛zhú,正zhèng面miàn一yí个gè金jīn字zì牌pái位wèi,上shàng写xiě「灵líng感gǎn大dà王wáng之zhī神shén」,更gèng无wú别bié的de神shén像xiàng。众zhòng信xìn摆bǎi列liè停tíng当dàng,一yì齐qí朝cháo上shàng叩kòu头tóu道dào:「大dà王wáng爷yé爷ye,今jīn年nián今jīn月yuè今jīn日rì今jīn时shí,陈chén家jiā庄zhuāng祭jì主zhǔ陈chén澄chéng等děng众zhòng信xìn,年nián甲jiǎ不bù齐qí,谨jǐn遵zūn年nián例lì,供gòng献xiàn童tóng男nán一yì名míng陈chén关guān保bǎo、童tóng女nǚ一yì名míng陈chén一yí秤chèng金jīn,猪zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ如rú数shù,奉fèng上shàng大dà王wáng享xiǎng用yòng。保bǎo佑yòu风fēng调tiáo雨yǔ顺shùn,五wǔ谷gǔ丰fēng登dēng。」祝zhù罢bà,烧shāo了le纸zhǐ马mǎ,各gè回huí本běn宅zhái不bù题tí。


逐句解 Line by line

話huà說shuō陳chén家jiā莊zhuāng眾zhòng信xìn人rén等děng,將jiāng豬zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ與yǔ行xíng者zhě、八bā戒jiè,喧xuān喧xuān嚷rǎng嚷rǎng,直zhí擡tái至zhì靈líng感gǎn廟miào裡lǐ排pái下xià; 话huà说shuō陈chén家jiā庄zhuāng众zhòng信xìn人rén等děng,将jiāng猪zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ与yǔ行xíng者zhě、八bā戒jiè,喧xuān喧xuān嚷rǎng嚷rǎng,直zhí抬tái至zhì灵líng感gǎn庙miào里lǐ排pái下xià;

The believers of Chen Village, every one of them, brought the pigs and the sheep and the sacrificial wine, and with them Pilgrim and Eight Rules, in a great clamour and shouting, straight to the Temple of Divine Response, and set all down there;

The chapter opens on a procession, and the joke is already running: the two "children" being carried up to the temple are Pilgrim and Eight Rules in disguise. 將 is jiāng, "taking, with," and it sweeps the whole offering into a single armful — pigs, sheep, wine and the two disciples alike. 與 is not "give" here but plain "and, along with," so the pilgrims get listed as freight. 牲醴 names the two halves of a proper sacrifice: the animals killed for it, and the sweet wine poured beside them.

將jiāng童tóng男nán女nǚ設shè在zài上shàng首shǒu。 将jiāng童tóng男nán女nǚ设shè在zài上shàng首shǒu。

and the boy and the girl they set in the place of honour.

將 is jiāng again, doing the same work. 上首 is the upper seat, the place nearest the god — which in this temple means nearest to being eaten. The seat of honour and the chopping block are the same chair.

行xíng者zhě回huí頭tóu看kàn見jiàn那nà供gòng桌zhuō上shàng香xiāng花huā蠟là燭zhú,正zhèng面miàn一yí個gè金jīn字zì牌pái位wèi,上shàng寫xiě「靈líng感gǎn大dà王wáng之zhī神shén」,更gèng無wú別bié的de神shén像xiàng。 行xíng者zhě回huí头tóu看kàn见jiàn那nà供gòng桌zhuō上shàng香xiāng花huā蜡là烛zhú,正zhèng面miàn一yí个gè金jīn字zì牌pái位wèi,上shàng写xiě「灵líng感gǎn大dà王wáng之zhī神shén」,更gèng无wú别bié的de神shén像xiàng。

Pilgrim turned his head and saw upon the offering table incense, flowers and wax candles, and full in the middle a gold-lettered tablet inscribed 「Spirit of the Great King of Divine Response」 — and no other image of any god whatever.

Pilgrim is casing the room, and what he notices is what is not in it. 那 here is nà, "that," pointing at the table in front of him. 供 is gòng, the offering sense — the reading it takes in 供桌, an altar table, and in 齋供, a meal laid out for monks. 更 is gèng, "besides, on top of that." A working shrine is crowded: a chief god, his attendants, whatever local powers have piled up over the generations. This one holds a gold-lettered name board and a bare wall behind it.

眾zhòng信xìn擺bǎi列liè停tíng當dàng,一yì齊qí朝cháo上shàng叩kòu頭tóu道dào:「大dà王wáng爺yé爺ye,今jīn年nián今jīn月yuè今jīn日rì今jīn時shí,陳chén家jiā莊zhuāng祭jì主zhǔ陳chén澄chéng等děng眾zhòng信xìn,年nián甲jiǎ不bù齊qí,謹jǐn遵zūn年nián例lì,供gòng獻xiàn童tóng男nán一yì名míng陳chén關guān保bǎo、童tóng女nǚ一yì名míng陳chén一yí秤chèng金jīn,豬zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ如rú數shù,奉fèng上shàng大dà王wáng享xiǎng用yòng。 众zhòng信xìn摆bǎi列liè停tíng当dàng,一yì齐qí朝cháo上shàng叩kòu头tóu道dào:「大dà王wáng爷yé爷ye,今jīn年nián今jīn月yuè今jīn日rì今jīn时shí,陈chén家jiā庄zhuāng祭jì主zhǔ陈chén澄chéng等děng众zhòng信xìn,年nián甲jiǎ不bù齐qí,谨jǐn遵zūn年nián例lì,供gòng献xiàn童tóng男nán一yì名míng陈chén关guān保bǎo、童tóng女nǚ一yì名míng陈chén一yí秤chèng金jīn,猪zhū羊yáng牲shēng醴lǐ如rú数shù,奉fèng上shàng大dà王wáng享xiǎng用yòng。

When the believers had ranged everything in order they knocked their heads to the ground together and said: 「Great King, Your Worship! In this year, this month, this day, this hour, the sacrificial masters of Chen Village, Chen Cheng and the rest of the faithful, being of no one age among them, reverently follow the yearly precedent and present one boy, Chen Guanbao by name, one girl, Chen Yichengjin by name, with pigs, sheep and sacrificial wine to the full tale, offered up for the Great King's enjoyment.

The prayer is filed the way a clerk files a form: date stamp, named petitioner, itemised list. 停當 takes 當 as dàng, "settled, squared away" — not the dāng of "at that time." 供 in 供獻 is gòng again. 如數 takes 數 as shù, the noun: the tally agreed, delivered in full. 年甲不齊 says the petitioners are of assorted ages — the set formula for a prayer offered by a whole village rather than by one man. And the girl's name repays a moment. 一秤金 is "One Steelyard of Gold," 秤 being chèng, the hand-balance a merchant weighs silver on. Her parents named her for what she was worth to them. The village is reading that name off a list of goods.

保bǎo佑yòu風fēng調tiáo雨yǔ順shùn,五wǔ穀gǔ豐fēng登dēng。」 保bǎo佑yòu风fēng调tiáo雨yǔ顺shùn,五wǔ谷gǔ丰fēng登dēng。」

Keep us in seasonable wind and rain, and the five grains in rich harvest.」

風調雨順 — wind tempered, rain in season — is still the blessing pasted on doorframes at New Year, and it is the whole of what a farming village wants from a god. 調 is tiáo, "tuned, in balance," not diào, "to shift about."

祝zhù罷bà,燒shāo了le紙zhǐ馬mǎ,各gè回huí本běn宅zhái不bù題tí。 祝zhù罢bà,烧shāo了le纸zhǐ马mǎ,各gè回huí本běn宅zhái不bù题tí。

The prayer done, they burned the paper horses and each returned to his own house, of which no more.

祝罷: 罷 is bà, the full verb "to have done with" — not the light ba that softens the end of a sentence. Paper horses are couriers. Burn one and it carries the petition upward, which is why they go into the fire the moment the words are finished.


總評 Commentary

Chapter Forty-Eight picks up in mid-stride from Forty-Seven, with a joke already running that nobody on the page can see. The two children laid out on the offering table are Pilgrim and Eight Rules, transformed. The narrator never reminds us. He reports the preparations in the flat voice of a ritual manual — victims carried up, table dressed, prayer recited with its date formula and its list of names — and leaves us to hold the substitution ourselves. Nothing is said. The comedy comes from the shape of the scene.

The detail Pilgrim picks out is doing real work. On the table: incense, flowers, candles, and a gold-lettered board naming the Great King of Divine Response — and 更無別的神像, not one image of any other god. A shrine with a proper cult behind it would be full of company. This one holds a name and a demand. The novel is making its case before a blow has been struck: what the villagers worship is not a god who was given a temple, but a predator that took one.

The prayer itself is impeccable. The fourfold 今年今月今日今時 stamps the date four ways over, as a legal instrument would; 年甲不齊 enters the usual plea that the petitioners are a mixed crowd of no particular standing; the close asks for seasonable wind and rain and a full harvest. Every phrase is correct. It is the liturgy of lawful sacrifice wrapped around the killing of two children, and the correctness is exactly what makes it hard to read.