Canonical Classics ← 第五十四回
第五十四回
xìng西láiféngguó
xīnyuándìngtuōyānhuā

The Dharma-Nature, Coming West, Meets the Land of Women · The Mind-Monkey Lays a Plan to Escape the Flowery Snare

御米三升
模式 Mode Read Study
拼音 Pinyin Off
字體 Script
原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

御米三升 Three Sheng of Royal Rice

wángyòuchūsuìjīnsuìyínpánxiàlóngchuángxíngzhědào:「sānrénjiāngquánwéifèizǎoshàng西tiāndàiděngjīnghuíláiguǎrénháiyǒuzhòngxiè。」xíngzhědào:「menchūjiārénshòujīnyínzhōngyǒuhuàzhīchù。」wángjiànshòuyòuchūlíngjǐnshíduìxíngzhědào:「děngxíngcōngcōngcáizhìjiāngshàngzuòjiànzhēhán。」xíngzhědào:「chūjiārén穿chuāndelíngjǐnyǒu。」wángjiànshòujiào:「sānshēngzàiquánwéifàn。」jiètīngshuōfàn便biànjiùjiēleshāozàibāozhījiānxíngzhědào:「xiōngxíngjiànjīnchénzhòngqiědàoyǒutiāo?」jièxiàodào:「zhīdàohǎodeshìxiāohuòzhǐxiāodùnfànjiùlezhàng。」suìzhǎngxièēnwángyòuchūsuìjīnsuìyínpánxiàlóngchuángxíngzhědào:「sānrénjiāngquánwéifèizǎoshàng西tiāndàiděngjīnghuíláiguǎrénháiyǒuzhòngxiè。」xíngzhědào:「menchūjiārénshòujīnyínzhōngyǒuhuàzhīchù。」wángjiànshòuyòuchūlíngjǐnshíduìxíngzhědào:「děngxíngcōngcōngcáizhìjiāngshàngzuòjiànzhēhán。」xíngzhědào:「chūjiārén穿chuāndelíngjǐnyǒu。」wángjiànshòujiào:「sānshēngzàiquánwéifàn。」jiètīngshuōfàn便biànjiùjiēleshāozàibāozhījiānxíngzhědào:「xiōngxíngjiànjīnchénzhòngqiědàoyǒutiāo?」jièxiàodào:「zhīdàohǎodeshìxiāohuòzhǐxiāodùnfànjiùlezhàng。」suìzhǎngxièēn


逐句解 Line by line

wángyòuchūsuìjīnsuìyínpánxiàlóngchuángxíngzhědào:「sānrénjiāngquánwéifèizǎoshàng西tiān wángyòuchūsuìjīnsuìyínpánxiàlóngchuángxíngzhědào:「sānrénjiāngquánwéifèizǎoshàng西tiān

The queen further bestowed a tray of broken gold and broken silver; she came down from the dragon couch and handed it to Pilgrim, saying, 「Let the three of you take this for the present as travelling money, and set out early for the Western Heaven;

碎金碎銀 is bullion cut into pieces for spending — the ordinary small change of travel. is jiāng, the "take" that introduces the thing being handled; 權為 takes as wéi, to serve as; in 一盤 the shifts to before the rising tone of .

dàiděngjīnghuíláiguǎrénháiyǒuzhòngxiè。」 dàiděngjīnghuíláiguǎrénháiyǒuzhòngxiè。」

and when you come back with the scriptures, We shall have a handsome thanks for you besides.」

She is arranging for their return, which is the one part of the fiction she has entirely believed. is hái; 重謝 takes as zhòng.

xíngzhědào:「menchūjiārénshòujīnyínzhōngyǒuhuàzhīchù。」 xíngzhědào:「menchūjiārénshòujīnyínzhōngyǒuhuàzhīchù。」

「We who have left the household life,」 said Pilgrim, 「do not accept gold and silver. There will be places enough along the road to beg at.」

The refusal is doctrinally correct and, from a party about to run, also prudent: gold accepted would be a debt, and a debt is a reason to come back. 途中 takes as zhōng; 乞化 is huà, the mendicant's asking; 之處 takes as chù; shifts to before the falling tone of .

wángjiànshòuyòuchūlíngjǐnshíduìxíngzhědào:「děngxíngcōngcōngcáizhìjiāngshàngzuòjiànzhēhán。」 wángjiànshòuyòuchūlíngjǐnshíduìxíngzhědào:「děngxíngcōngcōngcáizhìjiāngshàngzuòjiànzhēhán。」

Seeing that he would not take it, the queen brought out ten bolts of damask and brocade and said to Pilgrim, 「You are in haste to be off and there is no time for cutting and sewing; take this along the road and make yourselves garments against the cold.」

行色匆匆 — the look of a party in a hurry — is exactly what she has observed and exactly what she has failed to read. is the bolt as a unit of cloth; is jiāng.

xíngzhědào:「chūjiārén穿chuāndelíngjǐnyǒu。」 xíngzhědào:「chūjiārén穿chuāndelíngjǐnyǒu。」

「Those who have left the household life may not wear damask and brocade,」 said Pilgrim. 「We have cloth robes of our own to cover the body.」

A second refusal on the same doctrinal ground, which sets the pattern for the third offer to break. 穿不得 takes as the de of possibility, so keeps .

wángjiànshòujiào:「sānshēngzàiquánwéifàn。」 wángjiànshòujiào:「sānshēngzàiquánwéifàn。」

Seeing that he would not take that either, the queen gave the order: 「Fetch three shēng of the royal rice, to serve them for a meal along the way.」

She has been refused twice and keeps offering, coming down in value each time. is left as shēng, an old Chinese grain measure of about a litre, alongside , , and , which this project also leaves untranslated. is jiào; 權為 again takes as wéi; in 一飯 the shifts to before the falling tone of .

jiètīngshuōfàn便biànjiùjiēleshāozàibāozhījiān jiètīngshuōfàn便biànjiùjiēleshāozàibāozhījiān

Eight Rules, hearing the word 「meal」, took it at once and tucked it in among the bundles.

聽說個 is precise: he is responding to a word, not to a gift, and the novel says so. 之間 takes as jiān.

xíngzhědào:「xiōngxíngjiànjīnchénzhòngqiědàoyǒutiāo?」 xíngzhědào:「xiōngxíngjiànjīnchénzhòngqiědàoyǒutiāo?」

「Brother,」 said Pilgrim, 「the luggage is heavy enough as it is. Have you the strength to carry rice on top of it?」

Pilgrim's objection is practical and, given that the luggage is about to be run west at speed, well founded. 沉重 takes as zhòng; 且倒 takes as dào, the "and yet, on the contrary" sense; is tiāo, to carry on a shoulder-pole.

jièxiàodào:「zhīdàohǎodeshìxiāohuòzhǐxiāodùnfànjiùlezhàng。」 jièxiàodào:「zhīdàohǎodeshìxiāohuòzhǐxiāodùnfànjiùlezhàng。」

Eight Rules laughed and said, 「What do you know about it? Rice, now — rice is a thing that goes in a day. One meal and the account is closed.」

He is arguing logistics in the language of a shopkeeper, and he is right. 日消貨 is a same-day-consumption article — stock that turns over in a day — and 就了帳 is the language of settling a bill, with as zhàng, the reckoning. 你那裡 takes as , the rhetorical "how should you."

suìzhǎngxièēn suìzhǎngxièēn

With that he put his palms together and gave thanks for the favour.

遂此 closes the exchange. Six characters, and the party has now accepted exactly one thing from the Women's Country: three shēng of rice, which will be gone by tomorrow.


總評 Commentary

Three gifts are offered and the pattern of the refusals is the passage's argument. Gold and silver: refused, because monks do not take money. Damask and brocade: refused, because monks do not wear silk. Both refusals are doctrinally exact, and both are also the correct move for a party that intends to be a day's ride away by morning — a gift accepted is a debt, and a debt is a reason to come back.

The queen's persistence is what makes it painful rather than merely tactical. She comes down from the dragon couch to hand over the tray herself; refused, she produces cloth and explains, reasonably, that there is no time for tailoring; refused again, she comes down to three shēng of rice for a meal on the road. The value drops each time and the impulse does not. She is trying to send them off with something, which is what one does for departing family.

And Eight Rules takes the rice — not out of sentiment but because he heard the word. The novel is precise about it: 八戒聽說個, 便就接了. He responds to the word, not the giver. Pilgrim objects on grounds of weight; Eight Rules answers in the vocabulary of a shopkeeper — rice is a same-day article, one meal and the account's closed — and is entirely correct.

So the sum of what the pilgrims accept from the Women's Country is three shēng of rice that will be eaten tomorrow. The chapter has offered them a throne, the wealth of a kingdom, a queen, a banquet, gold, silk; they leave with one meal, and even that was taken by the disciple who was not listening. It is a precise accounting, and it is placed here, one passage before the escape, so the reader has it in hand when the deception lands.