第五回 · 哭笑報仇 Weeping, laughing, vowing revenge — Journey to the West

原文 Original text 繁體 Traditional Reader's edition

哭笑報仇 Weeping, laughing, vowing revenge

大dà聖shèng得dé勝shèng，收shōu了le毫háo毛máo，急jí轉zhuǎn身shēn回huí洞dòng，早zǎo又yòu見jiàn鐵tiě板bǎn橋qiáo頭tóu，四sì個gè健jiàn將jiàng領lǐng眾zhòng叩kòu迎yíng，那nà大dà眾zhòng，哽gěng哽gěng咽yè咽yè大dà哭kū三sān聲shēng，又yòu唏xī唏xī哈hā哈hā大dà笑xiào三sān聲shēng。大dà聖shèng道dào：「汝rǔ等děng見jiàn了le我wǒ，又yòu哭kū又yòu笑xiào，何hé也yě？」四sì健jiàn將jiàng道dào：「今jīn早zǎo帥shuài眾zhòng將jiàng與yǔ天tiān王wáng交jiāo戰zhàn，把bǎ七qī十shí二èr洞dòng妖yāo王wáng與yǔ獨dú角jiǎo鬼guǐ王wáng盡jìn被bèi眾zhòng神shén捉zhuō了le，我wǒ等děng逃táo生shēng，故gù此cǐ該gāi哭kū。這zhè見jiàn大dà聖shèng得dé勝shèng回huí來lái，未wèi曾céng傷shāng損sǔn，故gù此cǐ該gāi笑xiào。」大dà聖shèng道dào：「勝shèng負fù乃nǎi兵bīng家jiā之zhī常cháng。古gǔ人rén云yún：『殺shā人rén一yí萬wàn，自zì損sǔn三sān千qiān。』況kuàng捉zhuō了le去qù的de頭tóu目mù乃nǎi是shì虎hǔ豹bào狼láng蟲chóng、獾huān獐zhāng狐hú狢hé之zhī類lèi，我wǒ同tóng類lèi者zhě未wèi傷shāng一yí個gè，何hé須xū煩fán惱nǎo？他tā雖suī被bèi我wǒ使shǐ個gè分fēn身shēn法fǎ殺shā退tuì，他tā還hái要yào安ān營yíng在zài我wǒ山shān腳jiǎo下xià。我wǒ等děng且qiě緊jǐn緊jǐn防fáng守shǒu，飽bǎo食shí一yí頓dùn，安ān心xīn睡shuì覺jiào，養yǎng養yǎng精jīng神shén。天tiān明míng看kàn我wǒ使shǐ個gè大dà神shén通tōng，拿ná這zhè些xiē天tiān將jiàng，與yǔ眾zhòng報bào仇chóu。」四sì將jiàng與yǔ眾zhòng猴hóu將jiāng椰yē酒jiǔ吃chī了le幾jǐ碗wǎn，安ān心xīn睡shuì覺jiào不bù題tí。大dà圣shèng得dé胜shèng，收shōu了le毫háo毛máo，急jí转zhuǎn身shēn回huí洞dòng，早zǎo又yòu见jiàn铁tiě板bǎn桥qiáo头tóu，四sì个gè健jiàn将jiàng领lǐng众zhòng叩kòu迎yíng，那nà大dà众zhòng，哽gěng哽gěng咽yè咽yè大dà哭kū三sān声shēng，又yòu唏xī唏xī哈hā哈hā大dà笑xiào三sān声shēng。大dà圣shèng道dào：「汝rǔ等děng见jiàn了le我wǒ，又yòu哭kū又yòu笑xiào，何hé也yě？」四sì健jiàn将jiàng道dào：「今jīn早zǎo帅shuài众zhòng将jiàng与yǔ天tiān王wáng交jiāo战zhàn，把bǎ七qī十shí二èr洞dòng妖yāo王wáng与yǔ独dú角jiǎo鬼guǐ王wáng尽jìn被bèi众zhòng神shén捉zhuō了le，我wǒ等děng逃táo生shēng，故gù此cǐ该gāi哭kū。这zhè见jiàn大dà圣shèng得dé胜shèng回huí来lái，未wèi曾céng伤shāng损sǔn，故gù此cǐ该gāi笑xiào。」大dà圣shèng道dào：「胜shèng负fù乃nǎi兵bīng家jiā之zhī常cháng。古gǔ人rén云yún：『杀shā人rén一yí万wàn，自zì损sǔn三sān千qiān。』况kuàng捉zhuō了le去qù的de头tóu目mù乃nǎi是shì虎hǔ豹bào狼láng虫chóng、獾huān獐zhāng狐hú狢hé之zhī类lèi，我wǒ同tóng类lèi者zhě未wèi伤shāng一yí个gè，何hé须xū烦fán恼nǎo？他tā虽suī被bèi我wǒ使shǐ个gè分fēn身shēn法fǎ杀shā退tuì，他tā还hái要yào安ān营yíng在zài我wǒ山shān脚jiǎo下xià。我wǒ等děng且qiě紧jǐn紧jǐn防fáng守shǒu，饱bǎo食shí一yí顿dùn，安ān心xīn睡shuì觉jiào，养yǎng养yǎng精jīng神shén。天tiān明míng看kàn我wǒ使shǐ个gè大dà神shén通tōng，拿ná这zhè些xiē天tiān将jiàng，与yǔ众zhòng报bào仇chóu。」四sì将jiàng与yǔ众zhòng猴hóu将jiāng椰yē酒jiǔ吃chī了le几jǐ碗wǎn，安ān心xīn睡shuì觉jiào不bù题tí。

逐句解 Line by line

The Great Sage, victorious, withdrew his hairs and hurried back to the cave; and there at the head of the Iron-Plank Bridge the four Generals, leading the host, knelt in welcome — and the whole company first wept three great choking sobs, then laughed three great roaring laughs.

哽哽咽咽 takes 咽 at yè, to sob — not the yàn of swallowing. Three sobs answered by three laughs, in matched four-character doublings, and the passage takes its name from the pair.

大dà聖shèng道dào：「汝rǔ等děng見jiàn了le我wǒ，又yòu哭kū又yòu笑xiào，何hé也yě？」大dà圣shèng道dào：「汝rǔ等děng见jiàn了le我wǒ，又yòu哭kū又yòu笑xiào，何hé也yě？」

The Great Sage said: 'You see me and both weep and laugh — why is that?'

The Great Sage asks the exact question the reader is asking, in fourteen characters — and the answer he gets back is a piece of plain arithmetic.

四sì健jiàn將jiàng道dào：「今jīn早zǎo帥shuài眾zhòng將jiàng與yǔ天tiān王wáng交jiāo戰zhàn，把bǎ七qī十shí二èr洞dòng妖yāo王wáng與yǔ獨dú角jiǎo鬼guǐ王wáng盡jìn被bèi眾zhòng神shén捉zhuō了le，我wǒ等děng逃táo生shēng，故gù此cǐ該gāi哭kū。這zhè見jiàn大dà聖shèng得dé勝shèng回huí來lái，未wèi曾céng傷shāng損sǔn，故gù此cǐ該gāi笑xiào。」四sì健jiàn将jiàng道dào：「今jīn早zǎo帅shuài众zhòng将jiàng与yǔ天tiān王wáng交jiāo战zhàn，把bǎ七qī十shí二èr洞dòng妖yāo王wáng与yǔ独dú角jiǎo鬼guǐ王wáng尽jìn被bèi众zhòng神shén捉zhuō了le，我wǒ等děng逃táo生shēng，故gù此cǐ该gāi哭kū。这zhè见jiàn大dà圣shèng得dé胜shèng回huí来lái，未wèi曾céng伤shāng损sǔn，故gù此cǐ该gāi笑xiào。」

The Four Generals said: 'This morning, when we led the host of generals to fight the Heavenly Kings, the kings of the seventy-two caves and the One-Horned Demon King were all taken captive by the gods, and we escaped with our lives — that is why we wept. And now, seeing the Great Sage come back victorious and unharmed, that is why we laugh.'

帥眾將 puts 帥 to work as a verb, to lead, right beside 將 at jiàng, the generals — the same pairing the order used when it was given. One cause for the weeping, one for the laughing, and not a word more.

大dà聖shèng道dào：「勝shèng負fù乃nǎi兵bīng家jiā之zhī常cháng。古gǔ人rén云yún：『殺shā人rén一yí萬wàn，自zì損sǔn三sān千qiān。』況kuàng捉zhuō了le去qù的de頭tóu目mù乃nǎi是shì虎hǔ豹bào狼láng蟲chóng、獾huān獐zhāng狐hú狢hé之zhī類lèi，我wǒ同tóng類lèi者zhě未wèi傷shāng一yí個gè，何hé須xū煩fán惱nǎo？他tā雖suī被bèi我wǒ使shǐ個gè分fēn身shēn法fǎ殺shā退tuì，他tā還hái要yào安ān營yíng在zài我wǒ山shān腳jiǎo下xià。我wǒ等děng且qiě緊jǐn緊jǐn防fáng守shǒu，飽bǎo食shí一yí頓dùn，安ān心xīn睡shuì覺jiào，養yǎng養yǎng精jīng神shén。天tiān明míng看kàn我wǒ使shǐ個gè大dà神shén通tōng，拿ná這zhè些xiē天tiān將jiàng，與yǔ眾zhòng報bào仇chóu。」大dà圣shèng道dào：「胜shèng负fù乃nǎi兵bīng家jiā之zhī常cháng。古gǔ人rén云yún：『杀shā人rén一yí万wàn，自zì损sǔn三sān千qiān。』况kuàng捉zhuō了le去qù的de头tóu目mù乃nǎi是shì虎hǔ豹bào狼láng虫chóng、獾huān獐zhāng狐hú狢hé之zhī类lèi，我wǒ同tóng类lèi者zhě未wèi伤shāng一yí个gè，何hé须xū烦fán恼nǎo？他tā虽suī被bèi我wǒ使shǐ个gè分fēn身shēn法fǎ杀shā退tuì，他tā还hái要yào安ān营yíng在zài我wǒ山shān脚jiǎo下xià。我wǒ等děng且qiě紧jǐn紧jǐn防fáng守shǒu，饱bǎo食shí一yí顿dùn，安ān心xīn睡shuì觉jiào，养yǎng养yǎng精jīng神shén。天tiān明míng看kàn我wǒ使shǐ个gè大dà神shén通tōng，拿ná这zhè些xiē天tiān将jiàng，与yǔ众zhòng报bào仇chóu。」

The Great Sage said: 'Victory and defeat are the soldier's common lot. The ancients said: "Kill ten thousand of the enemy, and lose three thousand of your own." Besides, the captains taken were tigers, leopards, wolves, and vermin, badgers, river-deer, foxes, and raccoon-dogs and the like — not one of my own kind was hurt, so why fret? Though I drove them off with a body-dividing spell, they mean to camp still at the foot of our mountain. Let us keep close guard, eat a good meal, sleep with easy hearts, and nourish our spirits. At daybreak you shall see me work a great magic, seize these celestial generals, and avenge you all.'

殺人一萬，自損三千 — kill ten thousand of the enemy and lose three thousand of your own — is a proverb about what a victory costs the winner. It is still quoted in Chinese today, usually to point out that someone has won something not worth having. 睡覺 is shuì jiào, to sleep.

四sì將jiàng與yǔ眾zhòng猴hóu將jiāng椰yē酒jiǔ吃chī了le幾jǐ碗wǎn，安ān心xīn睡shuì覺jiào不bù題tí。四sì将jiàng与yǔ众zhòng猴hóu将jiāng椰yē酒jiǔ吃chī了le几jǐ碗wǎn，安ān心xīn睡shuì觉jiào不bù题tí。

The four Generals and the monkeys drank a few bowls of coconut wine, and slept with easy hearts — of which no more.

Two jobs for one character in a single line: 四將 is sì jiàng, the four generals, and 將椰酒 is jiāng, the object-marker.

總評 Commentary

The captains' weeping-and-laughing welcome (大哭三聲…大笑三聲) gives the chapter its first note of consequence felt as actual loss. For all the comedy of the siege, beings have now been carried off — the seventy-two cave-kings, the One-Horned Demon King — and the cave grieves for them even while it rejoices at Monkey's safe return. The mind-monkey's havoc has started to cost other people, and the narrative lets that cost register, briefly, before he reasons it away.

His consolation is a small masterpiece of the unrefined mind's moral arithmetic. He quotes the soldier's proverb (殺人一萬，自損三千) and then writes the loss off on a technicality of species: 我同類者未傷一個, not one of my own kind was hurt — the captured being, after all, only beasts. The same mind that was handing out stolen immortality to its followers a few pages ago now draws a hard line between "my own kind" and everybody expendable. In the reading of 丹 this is the ego's reflex to push all damage outside itself: the self is intact, so nothing serious has happened. His plan — eat, sleep, take revenge at daybreak — closes the cave's day on a vow, while the encircling army keeps its watch outside.